require 'action_view/helpers/tag_helper'
require 'html/document'
module ActionView
module Helpers #:nodoc:
# The TextHelper module provides a set of methods for filtering, formatting
# and transforming strings, which can reduce the amount of inline Ruby code in
# your views. These helper methods extend ActionView making them callable
# within your template files.
module TextHelper
# The preferred method of outputting text in your views is to use the
# <%= "text" %> eRuby syntax. The regular _puts_ and _print_ methods
# do not operate as expected in an eRuby code block. If you absolutely must
# output text within a non-output code block (i.e., <% %>), you can use the concat method.
#
# ==== Examples
# <%
# concat "hello", binding
# # is the equivalent of <%= "hello" %>
#
# if (logged_in == true):
# concat "Logged in!", binding
# else
# concat link_to('login', :action => login), binding
# end
# # will either display "Logged in!" or a login link
# %>
def concat(string, binding)
eval(ActionView::Base.erb_variable, binding) << string
end
# If +text+ is longer than +length+, +text+ will be truncated to the length of
# +length+ (defaults to 30) and the last characters will be replaced with the +truncate_string+
# (defaults to "...").
#
# ==== Examples
# truncate("Once upon a time in a world far far away", 14)
# # => Once upon a...
#
# truncate("Once upon a time in a world far far away")
# # => Once upon a time in a world f...
#
# truncate("And they found that many people were sleeping better.", 25, "(clipped)")
# # => And they found that many (clipped)
#
# truncate("And they found that many people were sleeping better.", 15, "... (continued)")
# # => And they found... (continued)
def truncate(text, length = 30, truncate_string = "...")
if text.nil? then return end
l = length - truncate_string.chars.length
(text.chars.length > length ? text.chars[0...l] + truncate_string : text).to_s
end
# Highlights one or more +phrases+ everywhere in +text+ by inserting it into
# a +highlighter+ string. The highlighter can be specialized by passing +highlighter+
# as a single-quoted string with \1 where the phrase is to be inserted (defaults to
# '<strong class="highlight">\1</strong>')
#
# ==== Examples
# highlight('You searched for: rails', 'rails')
# # => You searched for: <strong class="highlight">rails</strong>
#
# highlight('You searched for: ruby, rails, dhh', 'actionpack')
# # => You searched for: ruby, rails, dhh
#
# highlight('You searched for: rails', ['for', 'rails'], '<em>\1</em>')
# # => You searched <em>for</em>: <em>rails</em>
#
# highlight('You searched for: rails', 'rails', "<a href='search?q=\1'>\1</a>")
# # => You searched for: <a href='search?q=rails>rails</a>
def highlight(text, phrases, highlighter = '<strong class="highlight">\1</strong>')
if text.blank? || phrases.blank?
text
else
match = Array(phrases).map { |p| Regexp.escape(p) }.join('|')
text.gsub(/(#{match})/i, highlighter)
end
end
# Extracts an excerpt from +text+ that matches the first instance of +phrase+.
# The +radius+ expands the excerpt on each side of the first occurance of +phrase+ by the number of characters
# defined in +radius+ (which defaults to 100). If the excerpt radius overflows the beginning or end of the +text+,
# then the +excerpt_string+ will be prepended/appended accordingly. If the +phrase+
# isn't found, nil is returned.
#
# ==== Examples
# excerpt('This is an example', 'an', 5)
# # => "...s is an examp..."
#
# excerpt('This is an example', 'is', 5)
# # => "This is an..."
#
# excerpt('This is an example', 'is')
# # => "This is an example"
#
# excerpt('This next thing is an example', 'ex', 2)
# # => "...next t..."
#
# excerpt('This is also an example', 'an', 8, '<chop> ')
# # => "<chop> is also an example"
def excerpt(text, phrase, radius = 100, excerpt_string = "...")
if text.nil? || phrase.nil? then return end
phrase = Regexp.escape(phrase)
if found_pos = text.chars =~ /(#{phrase})/i
start_pos = [ found_pos - radius, 0 ].max
end_pos = [ found_pos + phrase.chars.length + radius, text.chars.length ].min
prefix = start_pos > 0 ? excerpt_string : ""
postfix = end_pos < text.chars.length ? excerpt_string : ""
prefix + text.chars[start_pos..end_pos].strip + postfix
else
nil
end
end
# Attempts to pluralize the +singular+ word unless +count+ is 1. If +plural+
# is supplied, it will use that when count is > 1, if the ActiveSupport Inflector
# is loaded, it will use the Inflector to determine the plural form, otherwise
# it will just add an 's' to the +singular+ word.
#
# ==== Examples
# pluralize(1, 'person')
# # => 1 person
#
# pluralize(2, 'person')
# # => 2 people
#
# pluralize(3, 'person', 'users')
# # => 3 users
#
# pluralize(0, 'person')
# # => 0 people
def pluralize(count, singular, plural = nil)
"#{count || 0} " + if count == 1 || count == '1'
singular
elsif plural
plural
elsif Object.const_defined?("Inflector")
Inflector.pluralize(singular)
else
singular + "s"
end
end
# Wraps the +text+ into lines no longer than +line_width+ width. This method
# breaks on the first whitespace character that does not exceed +line_width+
# (which is 80 by default).
#
# ==== Examples
# word_wrap('Once upon a time', 4)
# # => Once\nupon\na\ntime
#
# word_wrap('Once upon a time', 8)
# # => Once upon\na time
#
# word_wrap('Once upon a time')
# # => Once upon a time
#
# word_wrap('Once upon a time', 1)
# # => Once\nupon\na\ntime
def word_wrap(text, line_width = 80)
text.gsub(/\n/, "\n\n").gsub(/(.{1,#{line_width}})(\s+|$)/, "\\1\n").strip
end
begin
require_library_or_gem "redcloth" unless Object.const_defined?(:RedCloth)
# Returns the text with all the Textile[http://www.textism.com/tools/textile] codes turned into HTML tags.
#
# You can learn more about Textile's syntax at its website[http://www.textism.com/tools/textile].
# <i>This method is only available if RedCloth[http://whytheluckystiff.net/ruby/redcloth/]
# is available</i>.
#
# ==== Examples
# textilize("*This is Textile!* Rejoice!")
# # => "<p><strong>This is Textile!</strong> Rejoice!</p>"
#
# textilize("I _love_ ROR(Ruby on Rails)!")
# # => "<p>I <em>love</em> <acronym title="Ruby on Rails">ROR</acronym>!</p>"
#
# textilize("h2. Textile makes markup -easy- simple!")
# # => "<h2>Textile makes markup <del>easy</del> simple!</h2>"
#
# textilize("Visit the Rails website "here":http://www.rubyonrails.org/.)
# # => "<p>Visit the Rails website <a href="http://www.rubyonrails.org/">here</a>.</p>"
def textilize(text)
if text.blank?
""
else
textilized = RedCloth.new(text, [ :hard_breaks ])
textilized.hard_breaks = true if textilized.respond_to?("hard_breaks=")
textilized.to_html
end
end
# Returns the text with all the Textile codes turned into HTML tags,
# but without the bounding <p> tag that RedCloth adds.
#
# You can learn more about Textile's syntax at its website[http://www.textism.com/tools/textile].
# <i>This method is only available if RedCloth[http://whytheluckystiff.net/ruby/redcloth/]
# is available</i>.
#
# ==== Examples
# textilize_without_paragraph("*This is Textile!* Rejoice!")
# # => "<strong>This is Textile!</strong> Rejoice!"
#
# textilize_without_paragraph("I _love_ ROR(Ruby on Rails)!")
# # => "I <em>love</em> <acronym title="Ruby on Rails">ROR</acronym>!"
#
# textilize_without_paragraph("h2. Textile makes markup -easy- simple!")
# # => "<h2>Textile makes markup <del>easy</del> simple!</h2>"
#
# textilize_without_paragraph("Visit the Rails website "here":http://www.rubyonrails.org/.)
# # => "Visit the Rails website <a href="http://www.rubyonrails.org/">here</a>."
def textilize_without_paragraph(text)
textiled = textilize(text)
if textiled[0..2] == "<p>" then textiled = textiled[3..-1] end
if textiled[-4..-1] == "</p>" then textiled = textiled[0..-5] end
return textiled
end
rescue LoadError
# We can't really help what's not there
end
begin
require_library_or_gem "bluecloth" unless Object.const_defined?(:BlueCloth)
# Returns the text with all the Markdown codes turned into HTML tags.
# <i>This method is only available if BlueCloth[http://www.deveiate.org/projects/BlueCloth]
# is available</i>.
#
# ==== Examples
# markdown("We are using __Markdown__ now!")
# # => "<p>We are using <strong>Markdown</strong> now!</p>"
#
# markdown("We like to _write_ `code`, not just _read_ it!")
# # => "<p>We like to <em>write</em> <code>code</code>, not just <em>read</em> it!</p>"
#
# markdown("The [Markdown website](http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/) has more information.")
# # => "<p>The <a href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/">Markdown website</a>
# # has more information.</p>"
#
# markdown('![The ROR logo](http://rubyonrails.com/images/rails.png "Ruby on Rails")')
# # => '<p><img src="http://rubyonrails.com/images/rails.png" alt="The ROR logo" title="Ruby on Rails" /></p>'
def markdown(text)
text.blank? ? "" : BlueCloth.new(text).to_html
end
rescue LoadError
# We can't really help what's not there
end
# Returns +text+ transformed into HTML using simple formatting rules.
# Two or more consecutive newlines(<tt>\n\n</tt>) are considered as a
# paragraph and wrapped in <tt><p></tt> tags. One newline (<tt>\n</tt>) is
# considered as a linebreak and a <tt><br /></tt> tag is appended. This
# method does not remove the newlines from the +text+.
#
# ==== Examples
# my_text = """Here is some basic text...
# ...with a line break."""
#
# simple_format(my_text)
# # => "<p>Here is some basic text...<br />...with a line break.</p>"
#
# more_text = """We want to put a paragraph...
#
# ...right there."""
#
# simple_format(more_text)
# # => "<p>We want to put a paragraph...</p><p>...right there.</p>"
def simple_format(text)
content_tag 'p', text.to_s.
gsub(/\r\n?/, "\n"). # \r\n and \r -> \n
gsub(/\n\n+/, "</p>\n\n<p>"). # 2+ newline -> paragraph
gsub(/([^\n]\n)(?=[^\n])/, '\1<br />') # 1 newline -> br
end
# Turns all URLs and e-mail addresses into clickable links. The +link+ parameter
# will limit what should be linked. You can add HTML attributes to the links using
# +href_options+. Options for +link+ are <tt>:all</tt> (default),
# <tt>:email_addresses</tt>, and <tt>:urls</tt>. If a block is given, each URL and
# e-mail address is yielded and the result is used as the link text.
#
# ==== Examples
# auto_link("Go to http://www.rubyonrails.org and say hello to david@loudthinking.com")
# # => "Go to <a href="http://www.rubyonrails.org">http://www.rubyonrails.org</a> and
# # say hello to <a href="mailto:david@loudthinking.com">david@loudthinking.com</a>"
#
# auto_link("Visit http://www.loudthinking.com/ or e-mail david@loudthinking.com", :urls)
# # => "Visit <a href=\"http://www.loudthinking.com/\">http://www.loudthinking.com/</a>
# # or e-mail david@loudthinking.com"
#
# auto_link("Visit http://www.loudthinking.com/ or e-mail david@loudthinking.com", :email_addresses)
# # => "Visit http://www.loudthinking.com/ or e-mail <a href=\"mailto:david@loudthinking.com\">david@loudthinking.com</a>"
#
# post_body = "Welcome to my new blog at http://www.myblog.com/. Please e-mail me at me@email.com."
# auto_link(post_body, :all, :target => '_blank') do |text|
# truncate(text, 15)
# end
# # => "Welcome to my new blog at <a href=\"http://www.myblog.com/\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.m...</a>.
# Please e-mail me at <a href=\"mailto:me@email.com\">me@email.com</a>."
#
def auto_link(text, link = :all, href_options = {}, &block)
return '' if text.blank?
case link
when :all then auto_link_urls(auto_link_email_addresses(text, &block), href_options, &block)
when :email_addresses then auto_link_email_addresses(text, &block)
when :urls then auto_link_urls(text, href_options, &block)
end
end
# Strips all link tags from +text+ leaving just the link text.
#
# ==== Examples
# strip_links('<a href="http://www.rubyonrails.org">Ruby on Rails</a>')
# # => Ruby on Rails
#
# strip_links('Please e-mail me at <a href="mailto:me@email.com">me@email.com</a>.')
# # => Please e-mail me at me@email.com.
#
# strip_links('Blog: <a href="http://www.myblog.com/" class="nav" target=\"_blank\">Visit</a>.')
# # => Blog: Visit
def strip_links(text)
text.gsub(/<a\b.*?>(.*?)<\/a>/mi, '\1')
end
VERBOTEN_TAGS = %w(form script plaintext) unless defined?(VERBOTEN_TAGS)
VERBOTEN_ATTRS = /^on/i unless defined?(VERBOTEN_ATTRS)
# Sanitizes the +html+ by converting <form> and <script> tags into regular
# text, and removing all "on*" (e.g., onClick) attributes so that arbitrary Javascript
# cannot be executed. It also removes <tt>href</tt> and <tt>src</tt> attributes that start with
# "javascript:". You can modify what gets sanitized by defining VERBOTEN_TAGS
# and VERBOTEN_ATTRS before this Module is loaded.
#
# ==== Examples
# sanitize('<script> do_nasty_stuff() </script>')
# # => <script> do_nasty_stuff() </script>
#
# sanitize('<a href="javascript: sucker();">Click here for $100</a>')
# # => <a>Click here for $100</a>
#
# sanitize('<a href="#" onClick="kill_all_humans();">Click here!!!</a>')
# # => <a href="#">Click here!!!</a>
#
# sanitize('<img src="javascript:suckers_run_this();" />')
# # => <img />
def sanitize(html)
# only do this if absolutely necessary
if html.index("<")
tokenizer = HTML::Tokenizer.new(html)
new_text = ""
while token = tokenizer.next
node = HTML::Node.parse(nil, 0, 0, token, false)
new_text << case node
when HTML::Tag
if VERBOTEN_TAGS.include?(node.name)
node.to_s.gsub(/</, "<")
else
if node.closing != :close
node.attributes.delete_if { |attr,v| attr =~ VERBOTEN_ATTRS }
%w(href src).each do |attr|
node.attributes.delete attr if node.attributes[attr] =~ /^javascript:/i
end
end
node.to_s
end
else
node.to_s.gsub(/</, "<")
end
end
html = new_text
end
html
end
# Strips all HTML tags from the +html+, including comments. This uses the
# html-scanner tokenizer and so its HTML parsing ability is limited by
# that of html-scanner.
#
# ==== Examples
# strip_tags("Strip <i>these</i> tags!")
# # => Strip these tags!
#
# strip_tags("<b>Bold</b> no more! <a href='more.html'>See more here</a>...")
# # => Bold no more! See more here...
#
# strip_tags("<div id='top-bar'>Welcome to my website!</div>")
# # => Welcome to my website!
def strip_tags(html)
return html if html.blank?
if html.index("<")
text = ""
tokenizer = HTML::Tokenizer.new(html)
while token = tokenizer.next
node = HTML::Node.parse(nil, 0, 0, token, false)
# result is only the content of any Text nodes
text << node.to_s if node.class == HTML::Text
end
# strip any comments, and if they have a newline at the end (ie. line with
# only a comment) strip that too
text.gsub(/<!--(.*?)-->[\n]?/m, "")
else
html # already plain text
end
end
# Creates a Cycle object whose _to_s_ method cycles through elements of an
# array every time it is called. This can be used for example, to alternate
# classes for table rows. You can use named cycles to allow nesting in loops.
# Passing a Hash as the last parameter with a <tt>:name</tt> key will create a
# named cycle. You can manually reset a cycle by calling reset_cycle and passing the
# name of the cycle.
#
# ==== Examples
# # Alternate CSS classes for even and odd numbers...
# @items = [1,2,3,4]
# <table>
# <% @items.each do |item| %>
# <tr class="<%= cycle("even", "odd") -%>">
# <td>item</td>
# </tr>
# <% end %>
# </table>
#
#
# # Cycle CSS classes for rows, and text colors for values within each row
# @items = x = [{:first => 'Robert', :middle => 'Daniel', :last => 'James'},
# {:first => 'Emily', :middle => 'Shannon', :maiden => 'Pike', :last => 'Hicks'},
# {:first => 'June', :middle => 'Dae', :last => 'Jones'}]
# <% @items.each do |item| %>
# <tr class="<%= cycle("even", "odd", :name => "row_class")
# <td>
# <% item.values.each do |value| %>
# <%# Create a named cycle "colors" %>
# <span style="color:<%= cycle("red", "green", "blue", :name => "colors") -%>">
# <%= value %>
# </span>
# <% end %>
# <% reset_cycle("colors") %>
# </td>
# </tr>
# <% end %>
def cycle(first_value, *values)
if (values.last.instance_of? Hash)
params = values.pop
name = params[:name]
else
name = "default"
end
values.unshift(first_value)
cycle = get_cycle(name)
if (cycle.nil? || cycle.values != values)
cycle = set_cycle(name, Cycle.new(*values))
end
return cycle.to_s
end
# Resets a cycle so that it starts from the first element the next time
# it is called. Pass in +name+ to reset a named cycle.
#
# ==== Example
# # Alternate CSS classes for even and odd numbers...
# @items = [[1,2,3,4], [5,6,3], [3,4,5,6,7,4]]
# <table>
# <% @items.each do |item| %>
# <tr class="<%= cycle("even", "odd") -%>">
# <% item.each do |value| %>
# <span style="color:<%= cycle("#333", "#666", "#999", :name => "colors") -%>">
# <%= value %>
# </span>
# <% end %>
#
# <% reset_cycle("colors") %>
# </tr>
# <% end %>
# </table>
def reset_cycle(name = "default")
cycle = get_cycle(name)
cycle.reset unless cycle.nil?
end
class Cycle #:nodoc:
attr_reader :values
def initialize(first_value, *values)
@values = values.unshift(first_value)
reset
end
def reset
@index = 0
end
def to_s
value = @values[@index].to_s
@index = (@index + 1) % @values.size
return value
end
end
private
# The cycle helpers need to store the cycles in a place that is
# guaranteed to be reset every time a page is rendered, so it
# uses an instance variable of ActionView::Base.
def get_cycle(name)
@_cycles = Hash.new unless defined?(@_cycles)
return @_cycles[name]
end
def set_cycle(name, cycle_object)
@_cycles = Hash.new unless defined?(@_cycles)
@_cycles[name] = cycle_object
end
AUTO_LINK_RE = %r{
( # leading text
<\w+.*?>| # leading HTML tag, or
[^=!:'"/]| # leading punctuation, or
^ # beginning of line
)
(
(?:https?://)| # protocol spec, or
(?:www\.) # www.*
)
(
[-\w]+ # subdomain or domain
(?:\.[-\w]+)* # remaining subdomains or domain
(?::\d+)? # port
(?:/(?:(?:[~\w\+%-]|(?:[,.;:][^\s$]))+)?)* # path
(?:\?[\w\+%&=.;-]+)? # query string
(?:\#[\w\-]*)? # trailing anchor
)
([[:punct:]]|\s|<|$) # trailing text
}x unless const_defined?(:AUTO_LINK_RE)
# Turns all urls into clickable links. If a block is given, each url
# is yielded and the result is used as the link text.
def auto_link_urls(text, href_options = {})
extra_options = tag_options(href_options.stringify_keys) || ""
text.gsub(AUTO_LINK_RE) do
all, a, b, c, d = $&, $1, $2, $3, $4
if a =~ /<a\s/i # don't replace URL's that are already linked
all
else
text = b + c
text = yield(text) if block_given?
%(#{a}<a href="#{b=="www."?"http://www.":b}#{c}"#{extra_options}>#{text}</a>#{d})
end
end
end
# Turns all email addresses into clickable links. If a block is given,
# each email is yielded and the result is used as the link text.
def auto_link_email_addresses(text)
text.gsub(/([\w\.!#\$%\-+.]+@[A-Za-z0-9\-]+(\.[A-Za-z0-9\-]+)+)/) do
text = $1
text = yield(text) if block_given?
%{<a href="mailto:#{$1}">#{text}</a>}
end
end
end
end
end