path: root/install/INSTALL.txt

Red Matrix Installation

We've tried very hard to ensure that the Red Matrix will run on commodity
hosting platforms - such as those used to host Wordpress blogs and Drupal 
websites. It will run on most any Linux VPS system. Windows LAMP platforms
such as XAMPP and WAMP are not officially supported at this time - however 
we welcome patches if you manage to get it working. 

Be aware that the Red Matrix is more than a simple web application. It is a 
complex communications system which more closely resembles an email server 
than a web server. For reliability and performance, messages are delivered in
the background and are queued for later delivery when sites are down. This
kind of functionality requires a bit more of the host system than the typical
blog. Not every PHP/MySQL hosting provider will be able to support the 
Red Matrix. Many will - but please review the requirements and confirm these 
with your hosting provider prior to installation. (And preferably before 
entering into a long-term contract.)

If you encounter installation issues, please let us know via the Github issue 
tracker (https://github.com/friendica/red/issues). Please be as clear as you 
can about your operating environment and provide as much detail as possible
about any error messages you may see, so that we can prevent it from happening 
in the future. Due to the large variety of operating systems and PHP platforms 
in existence we may have only limited ability to debug your PHP installation or 
acquire any missing modules - but we will do our best to solve any general code 
issues.



Before you begin: Choose a domain name or subdomain name for your server.
Put some thought into this - because changing it is currently not-supported.
Things will break, and some of your friends may have difficulty communicating
with you. We plan to address this limitation in a future release. 

Decide if you will use SSL and obtain an SSL certificate before software
installation.  You SHOULD use SSL. If you use SSL, you MUST use a
"browser-valid" certificate.  You MUST NOT use self-signed certificates!

Please test your certificate prior to installation. A web tool for testing your
certificate is available at "http://www.digicert.com/help/". When visiting your
site for the first time, please use the SSL ("https://") URL if SSL is
available. This will avoid problems later. The installation routine will not
allow you to use a non browser-valid certificate.

This restriction is incorporated because public posts from you may for example
contain references to images on your own hub. If your certificate is not known
by the internet browser of users they get a warning message complaining about
some security issues. Although these complains are not the real truth - there
are no security issues with your encryption! - the users may be confused,
nerved or even worse may become scared about Red Matrix having security issues.
Use one of the free certification instances!
 

1. Requirements
	- Apache with mod-rewrite enabled and "AllowOverride All" so you can use a 
local .htaccess file

	- PHP 5.3+. The later the better. 

	- PHP *command line* access with register_argc_argv set to true in the 
php.ini file - and with no hosting provider restrictions on the use of exec()
and proc_open().

	- curl, gd (with at least jpeg support), mysqli, mbstring, mcrypt, and openssl extensions. The imagick extension is not required but desirable. 

	- some form of email server or email gateway such that PHP mail() works

	- Mysql 5.x or MariaDB

	- ability to schedule jobs with cron.

	- Installation into a top-level domain or sub-domain (without a 
directory/path component in the URL) is REQUIRED.

2. Unpack the Red Matrix files into the root of your web server document area.

	- If you copy the directory tree to your webserver, make sure
	that you also copy .htaccess - as "dot" files are often hidden 
	and aren't normally copied.

    - If you are able to do so, we recommend using git to clone the 
	source repository rather than to use a packaged tar or zip file.
	This makes the software much easier to update. The Linux command
	to clone the repository into a directory "mywebsite" would be

        git clone https://github.com/friendica/red.git mywebsite

    - and then you can pick up the latest changes at any time with

        git pull

    - make sure folders *view/tpl/smarty3* and *store* exist and are writable by webserver

        mkdir view/tpl/smarty3
		mkdir store

        chmod 777 view/tpl/smarty3
		chmod 777 store

		[This permission (777) is very dangerous and if you have sufficient
		privilege and knowledge you should make this directory writeable only
		by the webserver. In many shared hosting environments this may be
		difficult without opening a trouble ticket with your provider. The
		above permissions will allow the software to work, but are not
		optimal.]
 
    - For installing addons

        - First you should be **on** your website folder

            cd mywebsite

        - Then you should clone the addon repository (separately)

            git clone https://github.com/friendica/red-addons.git addon

        - For keeping the addon tree updated, you should be on you addon tree and issue a git pull

            cd mywebsite/addon

			git pull


3. Create an empty database and note the access details (hostname, username, 
password, database name).


4. If you know in advance that it will be impossible for the web server to 
write or create files in your web directory, create an empty file called 
.htconfig.php and make it writable by the web server.

5. Visit your website with a web browser and follow the instructions. Please 
note any error messages and correct these before continuing. If you are using
SSL with a known signature authority, use the https: link to your
website. 

6. *If* the automated installation fails for any reason, check the following:

	- ".htconfig.php" exists 
		If not, edit htconfig.php and change system settings. Rename 
to .htconfig.php
	-  Database is populated.
		If not, import the contents of "database.sql" with phpmyadmin 
or mysql command line

7. At this point visit your website again, and register your personal account. 
Registration errors should all be recoverable automatically. 
If you get any *critical* failure at this point, it generally indicates the
database was not installed correctly. You might wish to move/rename 
.htconfig.php to another name and empty (called 'dropping') the database 
tables, so that you can start fresh.  

****************************************************************************
****************************************************************************
********          THIS NEXT STEP IS IMPORTANT!!!!                ***********
****************************************************************************
****************************************************************************

8. Set up a cron job or scheduled task to run the poller once every 5-10 
minutes to pick up the recent "public" postings of your friends. Example:

	cd /base/directory; /path/to/php include/poller.php

Change "/base/directory", and "/path/to/php" as appropriate for your situation.

If you are using a Linux server, run "crontab -e" and add a line like the 
one shown, substituting for your unique paths and settings:

*/10 * * * *	cd /home/myname/mywebsite; /usr/bin/php include/poller.php

You can generally find the location of PHP by executing "which php". If you 
have troubles with this section please contact your hosting provider for 
assistance. Friendica will not work correctly if you cannot perform this step.

You should also be sure that $a->config['system']['php_path'] is set correctly, it should
look like (changing it to the correct PHP location)

$a->config['system']['php_path'] = '/usr/local/php53/bin/php';
  
 
#####################################################################

		If things don't work...

#####################################################################


#####################################################################
- If you get the message 
	"System is currently unavailable. Please try again later"
#####################################################################
	
	Check your database settings. It usually means your database could not 
be opened or accessed. If the database resides on the same machine, check that
the database server name is the word "localhost". 

#####################################################################
- 500 Internal Error
#####################################################################

	This could be the result of one of our Apache directives not being 
supported by your version of Apache. Examine your apache server logs.
Also check your file permissions. Your website and all contents must generally 
be world-readable.

	It is likely that your web server reported the source of the problem in
its error log files. Please review these system error logs to determine what 
caused the problem. Often this will need to be resolved with your hosting
provider or (if self-hosted) your web server configuration. 

#####################################################################
- 400 and 4xx "File not found" errors
#####################################################################

	First check your file permissions. Your website and all contents must 
generally be world-readable.

	Ensure that mod-rewite is installed and working, and that your
.htaccess file is being used. To verify the latter, create a file test.out
containing the word "test" in the top directory of Friendica, make it world 
readable and point your web browser to

http://yoursitenamehere.com/test.out

	This file should be blocked. You should get a permission denied message.

	If you see the word "test" your Apache configuration is not allowing
your .htaccess file to be used (there are rules in this file to block access
to any file with .out at the end, as these are typically used for system logs).

	Make certain the .htaccess file exists and is readable by everybody, then 
look for the existence of "AllowOverride None" in the Apache server 
configuration for your site. This will need to be changed to 
"AllowOverride All".  

	If you do not see the word "test", your .htaccess is working, but it is 
likely that mod-rewrite is not installed in your web server or is not working.

	On most flavours of Linux,

% a2enmod rewrite
% /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

	Consult your hosting provider, experts on your particular Linux 
distribution or (if Windows) the provider of your Apache server software if 
you need to change either of these and can not figure out how. There is 
a lot of help available on the web. Google "mod-rewrite" along with the 
name of your operating system distribution or Apache package.

  
#####################################################################
- If you are unable to write the file .htconfig.php during installation 
due to permissions issues:
#####################################################################

	create an empty file with that name and give it world-write permission.
For Linux:

% touch .htconfig.php
% chmod 777 .htconfig.php

Retry the installation. As soon as the database has been created, 

******* this is important *********

% chmod 755 .htconfig.php

#####################################################################
- Some configurations with "suhosin" security are configured without
an ability to run external processes. The Red Matrix requires this ability.
Following are some notes provided by one of our members.
#####################################################################

On my server I use the php protection system Suhosin
[http://www.hardened-php.net/suhosin/]. One of the things it does is to block
certain functions like proc_open, as configured in /etc/php5/conf.d/suhosin.ini:

 suhosin.executor.func.blacklist = proc_open, ...

For those sites like Red Matrix that really need these functions they can be
enabled, e.g. in /etc/apache2/sites-available/redmatrix:

 <Directory /var/www/redmatrix/>
  php_admin_value suhosin.executor.func.blacklist none
  php_admin_value suhosin.executor.eval.blacklist none
 </Directory>

This enables every function for Red Matrix if accessed via browser, but not for
the cronjob that is called via php command line. I attempted to enable it for
cron by using something like

 */10 * * * * cd /var/www/redmatrix/ && sudo -u www-data /usr/bin/php
-d suhosin.executor.func.blacklist=none -d suhosin.executor.eval.blacklist=none
-f include/poller.php

This worked well for simple test cases, but the cron job still failed with
a fatal error:
suhosin[22962]: ALERT - function within blacklist called: proc_open() (attacker
'REMOTE_ADDR not set', file '/var/www/redmatrix/boot.php', line 1341)

After a while I noticed, that include/poller.php calls further php script via
proc_open. These scripts themselves also use proc_open and fail, because they
are NOT called with -d suhosin.executor.func.blacklist=none.

So the simple solution is to put the correct parameters into .htconfig.php:
 // Location of PHP command line processor
 $a->config['system']['php_path'] = '/usr/bin/php -d suhosin.executor.func.blacklist=none
-d suhosin.executor.eval.blacklist=none';


This is obvious as soon as you notice that the cron uses proc_open to
execute php-scripts that also use proc_open, but it took me quite some time to
find that out. I hope this saves some time for other people using suhosin with
function blacklists.