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+Calendar Server Extension C. Daboo
+ Apple Inc.
+ March 19, 2012
+
+
+ CalDAV: Calendar User Notifications
+
+Abstract
+
+ This specification defines an extension to CalDAV that allows the
+ server to provide notifications to calendar users.
+
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+Daboo [Page 1]
+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+Table of Contents
+
+ 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 2. Open Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 3. Conventions Used in This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 4. Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 4.1. Additional Principal Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
+ 4.1.1. CS:notification-URL Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 4.2. Properties on Notification Resources . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 4.2.1. CS:notificationtype Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 4.3. XML Element Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
+ 4.3.1. CS:notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
+ 4.3.2. CS:notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
+ 4.3.3. CS:dtstamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ 5. Notification Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ 5.1. System Status Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ 5.1.1. CS:systemstatus Element Definition . . . . . . . . . . 8
+ 5.2. Quota Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
+ 5.2.1. CS:quotastatus Element Definition . . . . . . . . . . 9
+ 5.3. Resource Changes Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
+ 5.3.1. CS:resource-change Element Definition . . . . . . . . 11
+ 5.3.2. CS:calendar-changes Element Definition . . . . . . . . 15
+ 5.3.2.1. Handling Recurrences in CS:calendar-changes . . . 17
+ 5.3.3. CS:deleted-details Element Definition . . . . . . . . 18
+ 5.3.4. CS:notify-changes Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
+ 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
+ 7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
+ 8. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
+ 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
+ 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
+ 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
+ Appendix A. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
+ A.1. Resource Created . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
+ A.2. Resource Updated - Property Change . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
+ A.3. Resource Updated - Parameter Change . . . . . . . . . . . 23
+ A.4. Resource Updated - Multiple Instances Change . . . . . . . 23
+ A.5. Resource Updated - Multiple User Change . . . . . . . . . 24
+ A.6. Resource Deleted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
+ A.7. Collection Created . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
+ A.8. Collection Updated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
+ A.9. Collection Deleted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
+ Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
+
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+Daboo [Page 2]
+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+1. Introduction
+
+ CalDAV [RFC4791] provides a way for calendar users to store calendar
+ data and exchange this data via scheduling operations. Based on the
+ WebDAV [RFC4918] protocol, it also includes the ability to manage
+ access to calendar data via the WebDAV ACL [RFC3744] extension.
+
+ It is often useful for servers to communicate arbitrary information
+ to calendar users, e.g., system status, message of the day, quota
+ warnings, changes to shared resources made by others etc. This
+ specification defines a generic "notification" mechanism that allows
+ a server to do that. Whilst primarily aimed at CalDAV [RFC4791],
+ this mechanism has been designed to be adaptable to WebDAV [RFC4918].
+
+
+2. Open Issues
+
+ 1. Define specific child elements for system status notification,
+ e.g. "server-maintenance-period", "server-read-only-period",
+ "client-upgrade-required".
+
+
+3. Conventions Used in This Document
+
+ The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
+ "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
+ document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
+
+ When XML element types in the namespaces "DAV:" and
+ "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav" are referenced in this document
+ outside of the context of an XML fragment, the string "DAV:" and
+ "CALDAV:" will be prefixed to the element type names respectively.
+
+ The namespace "http://calendarserver.org/ns/" is used for XML
+ elements defined in this specification. When XML element types in
+ that namespace are referenced in this document outside of the context
+ of an XML fragment, the string "CS:" will be prefixed to the element
+ type names.
+
+
+4. Notifications
+
+ When this feature is available, a CS:notification-URL (Section 4.1.1)
+ property appears on principal resources for those principals who are
+ able to receive notifications. That property specifies a single DAV:
+ href element whose content refers to a WebDAV collection resource.
+ Notification "messages" are deposited into this collection and can be
+ retrieved by clients and acted on accordingly.
+
+
+
+Daboo [Page 3]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ The notification collection referenced by the CS:notification-URL
+ (Section 4.1.1) property MUST have a DAV:resourcetype property with
+ DAV:collection and CS:notifications (Section 4.3.1) child elements.
+
+ Notification "messages" are XML documents stored as resources in the
+ notification collection. Each XML document contains a CS:
+ notification (Section 4.3.2) element as its root. The root element
+ contains a CS:dtstamp element, and one additional element which
+ represents the type of notification being conveyed in the message.
+ That child element will typically contain additional content that
+ describes the notification.
+
+ Each notification resource has a CS:notificationtype (Section 4.2.1)
+ property which contains as its single child element an empty element
+ that matches the child element of the notification resource XML
+ document root. Any attributes on the child element in the XML
+ document are also present in the property child element.
+
+ Notifications are automatically generated by the server (perhaps in
+ response to a action) with an appropriate resource stored in the
+ notifications collection of the user to whom the notification is
+ targeted. Clients SHOULD monitor the notification collection looking
+ for new notification resources. When doing so, clients SHOULD look
+ at the CS:notificationtype (Section 4.2.1) property to ensure that
+ the notification is of a type that the client can handle. Once a
+ client has handled the notification in whatever way is appropriate it
+ SHOULD delete the notification resource. Clients SHOULD remove
+ notifications being displayed to a user when the notification
+ resource is removed from the notification collection, to enable the
+ user to dismiss a notification on one device and have it
+ automatically removed from others. Clients MUST ignore all
+ notifications for types they do not recognize. Servers MAY delete
+ notification resources on their own if they determine that the
+ notifications are no longer relevant or valid. Servers MAY coalesce
+ notifications as appropriate.
+
+ Servers MUST prevent clients from adding resources in the
+ notification collection.
+
+4.1. Additional Principal Properties
+
+ This section defines new properties for WebDAV principal resources as
+ defined in RFC3744 [RFC3744]. These properties are likely to be
+ protected but the server MAY allow them to be written by appropriate
+ users.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Daboo [Page 4]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
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+
+4.1.1. CS:notification-URL Property
+
+ Name: notification-URL
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Identify the URL of the notification collection owned by
+ the associated principal resource.
+
+ Protected: This property SHOULD be protected.
+
+ PROPFIND behavior: This property SHOULD NOT be returned by a
+ PROPFIND allprop request (as defined in Section 14.2 of
+ [RFC4918]).
+
+ COPY/MOVE behavior: This property value SHOULD be preserved in COPY
+ and MOVE operations.
+
+ Description: This property is needed for a client to determine where
+ the notification collection of the current user is located so that
+ processing of notification messages can occur. If not present,
+ then the associated calendar user is not enabled for notification
+ messages on the server.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT notification-URL (DAV:href)>
+
+4.2. Properties on Notification Resources
+
+ The following new WebDAV properties are defined for notification
+ resources.
+
+4.2.1. CS:notificationtype Property
+
+ Name: notificationtype
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Identify the type of notification of the corresponding
+ resource.
+
+ Protected: This property MUST be protected.
+
+ PROPFIND behavior: This property SHOULD NOT be returned by a
+ PROPFIND allprop request (as defined in Section 14.2 of
+ [RFC4918]).
+
+
+
+
+Daboo [Page 5]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
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+
+ COPY/MOVE behavior: This property value MUST be preserved in COPY
+ and MOVE operations.
+
+ Description: This property allows a client, via a PROPFIND Depth:1
+ request, to quickly find notification messages that the client can
+ handle in a notification collection. The single child element is
+ the notification resource root element's child defining the
+ notification itself. This element MUST be empty, though any
+ attributes on the element in the notification resource MUST be
+ present in the property element.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT notificationtype ANY>
+ <!-- Child elements are empty but will have appropriate attributes.
+ Any valid notification message child element can appear.-->
+
+4.3. XML Element Definitions
+
+4.3.1. CS:notifications
+
+ Name: notifications
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Indicates a notification collection.
+
+ Description: This XML element is used in a DAV:resourcetype element
+ to indicate that the corresponding resource is a notification
+ collection.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT notifications EMPTY>
+
+4.3.2. CS:notification
+
+ Name: notification
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Notification message root element.
+
+ Description: The root element used in notification resources.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Daboo [Page 6]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT notification (dtstamp, XXX) >
+ <!-- Any notification type element can appear after
+ CS:dtstamp -->
+
+4.3.3. CS:dtstamp
+
+ Name: dtstamp
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Date-time stamp.
+
+ Description: Contains the date-time stamp corresponding to the
+ creation of a notification message, using the format defined in
+ [RFC3339], or the "compact" format without "-" and ":" characters
+ between date and time elements, respectively.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT dtstamp (#PCDATA)>
+ <!-- Value is a date-time in UTZ as per [RFC3339] with
+ "compact" format allowed.-->
+
+
+5. Notification Definitions
+
+ This section defines a set of common notification types.
+
+5.1. System Status Notification
+
+ The system status notification is used to convey a URI and/or textual
+ description to the user. The assumption is that the URI points to a
+ webpage where current system status is described in detail, with the
+ provided description being a summary of that. A "type" attribute on
+ the element is used to indicate the importance of the current status
+ notification, and has the values "low", "medium" and "high",
+ representing the increasing level of importance of the message
+ respectively.
+
+ Servers might have knowledge of specific calendar user language
+ preferences, in which case it MAY localise the CS:description value
+ as appropriate based on the calendar user accessing the notification,
+ but if it does, it SHOULD include an xml:lang attribute on the CS:
+ description element to indicate what language is being used.
+
+
+
+
+
+Daboo [Page 7]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+5.1.1. CS:systemstatus Element Definition
+
+ Name: systemstatus
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Indicates a system status notification.
+
+ Description: This XML element is used in a CS:notification element
+ to describe a system status notification.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT systemstatus (DAV:href?, CS:description?)>
+ <!ATTLIST systemstatus type (low | medium | high) "low">
+
+ <!ELEMENT description CDATA>
+
+ <!-- One of DAV:href of CS:description MUST be present -->
+
+ Example: This is an example of the body of a notification resource
+ for an emergency system outage:
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:12:53-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:systemstatus type="high">
+ <D:href>http://example.com/emergency_shutdown.html</D:href>
+ <CS:description xml:lang='en_US'
+ >Emergency shutdown now</CS:description>
+ </CS:systemstatus>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+ Example: This is an example of the WebDAV property on the example
+ notification resource above:
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notificationtype xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:systemstatus type="high" />
+ </CS:notificationtype>
+
+5.2. Quota Notification
+
+ The quota notification is used to convey information about the status
+ of one or more quotas for the user. The notification contains
+ elements for different types of quota being reported to the user. In
+
+
+
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
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+ some cases these may be warnings (e.g., a user getting to 80% of
+ their quota limit), or in other cases errors (e.g., a user exceeding
+ their quota).
+
+5.2.1. CS:quotastatus Element Definition
+
+ Name: quotastatus
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Indicates a quota status notification.
+
+ Description: This XML element is used in a CS:notification element
+ to describe a quota status notification. The CS:quota-percent-
+ used element contains an integer greater than or equal to zero.
+ If the value is greater than or equal to 100, then the user's
+ quota has been reached or exceeded. The DAV:href element contains
+ a URI for a webpage where the user can go to get further
+ information about their quota status or take corrective action.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT quota-status (quota+)>
+
+ <!ELEMENT quota (quota-type, quota-percent-used?,
+ quota-count?, DAV:href?)>
+ <!ATTLIST quota type (warning | exceeded) "exceeded">
+
+ <!ELEMENT quota-type ANY>
+ <!-- Child elements are application specific -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT quota-percent-used CDATA>
+ <!-- Integer value greater than or equal to zero -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT quota-count CDATA>
+ <!-- Integer value greater than or equal to zero -->
+
+ Example: This is an example of the body of a notification resource
+ for a quota warning:
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
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+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:12:53-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:quota-status>
+ <CS:quota type="warning">
+ <CS:quota-type><CS:attachments /></CS:quota-type>
+ <CS:quota-percent-used>80</CS:quota-percent-used>
+ <D:href>https://example.com/your-account.html</D:href>
+ </CS:quota>
+ </CS:quota-status>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+ Example: This is an example of the body of a notification resource
+ for a quota that has been exceeded, and a count-based limit that
+ is shown as a warning:
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:12:53-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:quota-status>
+ <CS:quota type="exceeded">
+ <CS:quota-type><CS:attachments /></CS:quota-type>
+ <CS:quota-percent-used>102</CS:quota-percent-used>
+ <D:href>https://example.com/fix-account.html</D:href>
+ </CS:quota>
+ <CS:quota type="warning">
+ <CS:quota-type><CS:events /></CS:quota-type>
+ <CS:quota-percent-used>82</CS:quota-percent-used>
+ <CS:quota-count>4980</CS:quota-count>
+ <D:href>https://example.com/buy-more-space.html</D:href>
+ </CS:quota>
+ </CS:quota-status>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+5.3. Resource Changes Notification
+
+ The resource change notification is used to inform the user of new,
+ updated or deleted resources caused by changes made by someone else
+ (note: servers MUST NOT generate notifications to users for changes
+ they themselves make, though the possibility of an automated process
+ acting on behalf of a user needs to be considered). This
+ notification can be used by clients to show changes that a user can
+ acknowledge in their own time. When the notification is present, it
+ can be displayed on all devices a user is accessing their data from.
+ When the user acknowledges and dismisses the notification on one
+ device, other devices SHOULD also remove the notification when they
+
+
+
+Daboo [Page 10]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
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+
+ next synchronize the notification collection.
+
+ A new WebDAV property CS:notify-changes (Section 5.3.4) is defined
+ for calendar collections. This allows users to enable or disable the
+ sending of resource change notifications for the calendar and its
+ child resources. Servers MUST allow users to set this property on a
+ per-user basis on any calendars accessible to them. Servers MUST
+ honor the chosen setting to enable or disable change notifications.
+
+ Servers can send notifications for calendar object resources, and
+ ones for calendar collections. Servers SHOULD coalesce notifications
+ that refer to the same resource into a single notification resource,
+ containing multiple CS:created, CS:updated or CS:deleted elements all
+ with the same DAV:href child element value. Servers MAY coalesce
+ changes to multiple resources into a change notification for the
+ parent collection of those resources and use a CS:collection-changes
+ element to indicate the number of individual resources that changed.
+
+5.3.1. CS:resource-change Element Definition
+
+ Name: resource-change
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Indicates that resources have been created, updated or
+ deleted.
+
+ Description: This XML element is used in a CS:notification element
+ to describe a resource change notification. It can describe a
+ change directly to a calendar object resource or to a calendar
+ collection.
+
+ When used for a calendar object resource change, it can contain
+ one of the CS:created, or CS:deleted elements, or multiple CS:
+ updated elements, which indicate a created, deleted or updated
+ resource, respectively. The DAV:href element within those
+ elements, contains the URI of the changed resource, optional
+ information about who changed the resource and when that change
+ was made (the CS:changed-by element), and information specific to
+ the nature of the change. Servers SHOULD coalesce resource change
+ notifications for the same resource into a single notification
+ resource where possible. The CS:updated element optionally
+ contains CS:content and/or DAV:prop elements to indicate a change
+ to the body of the resource or resource WebDAV properties,
+ respectively. The DAV:prop element MAY contain a list of property
+ elements to indicate which properties changed. The CS:updated
+ element can also contain zero or more CS:calendar-changes elements
+ to list details of the changes. If no CS:calendar-changes element
+
+
+
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ is present, the specific details are not provided, and clients
+ will need to assume that some set of changes occurred, but the
+ server is unwilling to disclose the full details. The CS:deleted
+ element can also contain zero or more CS:deleted-details elements
+ to list details of the deleted resource.
+
+ When used for a calendar collection change, it can contain a CS:
+ collection-changes element. The DAV:href element within that
+ element, contains the URI of the changed calendar collection. The
+ DAV:prop element indicates a change to WebDAV properties on the
+ calendar collection resource. The CS:child-created, CS:child-
+ updated, and CS:child-deleted elements each contain a positive
+ integer value indicating how many child resources were added,
+ updated or deleted in the collection, respectively.
+
+ Definition:
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+
+
+
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
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+
+ <!ELEMENT resource-change (created | updated+ | deleted |
+ collection-changes)>
+ <!ELEMENT created (DAV:href, changed-by?, ANY)>
+ <!ELEMENT updated (DAV:href, changed-by?, content?,
+ DAV:prop?, calendar-changes*)>
+ <!ELEMENT content EMPTY>
+ <!ELEMENT deleted (DAV:href, changed-by?, deleted-details)>
+
+ <!ELEMENT changed-by (common-name | (first-name, last-name),
+ dtstamp?, DAV:href)>
+ <!ELEMENT common-name CDATA>
+ <!ELEMENT first-name CDATA>
+ <!ELEMENT last-name CDATA>
+ <!-- CS:changed-by indicates who made the change that caused the
+ notification. CS:first-name and CS:last-name are the first
+ and last names of the corresponding user. or the
+ CS:common-name is the overall display name. CS:dtstamp is the
+ time in UTC when the change was made. The DAV:href element
+ is the principal URI or email address of the user who made
+ the change. -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT collection-changes (DAV:href, changed-by*, DAV:prop?,
+ child-created?, child-updated?,
+ child-deleted?>
+ <!-- When coalescing changes from multiple users, the changed-by
+ element can appear more than once. -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT child-created CDATA>
+ <!ELEMENT child-updated CDATA>
+ <!ELEMENT child-deleted CDATA>
+ <!-- Each of the three elements above MUST contain a positive,
+ non-zero integer value indicate the total number of changes
+ being reported for the collection. -->
+
+ Example: This is an example of the body of a notification resource
+ for changes where one resource has been created:
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Daboo [Page 13]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:created>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:common-name>Cyrus Daboo</CS:common-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ </CS:created>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+ Example: This is an example of the body of a notification resource
+ for changes where a resource has been updated twice. One of the
+ updated resources elements contains additional information
+ indicating which recurrence instances in the iCalendar data were
+ changed:
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:updated>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/event.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Oliver</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>mailto:oliver@example.com</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ </CS:updated>
+ <CS:updated>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/event.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Eleanor</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>mailto:eleanor@example.com</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ </CS:updated>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ Example: This is an example of the body of a notification resource
+ for changes where one resource has been deleted:
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:deleted>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/old.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ </CS:deleted>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+ Example: This example is the same as the previous three, except that
+ all the individual resource changes have been coalesced into a
+ single notification about changes to the parent calendar
+ collection:
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:collection-changes>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/</D:href>
+ <CS:child-created>1</CS:child-created>
+ <CS:child-updated>2</CS:child-updated>
+ <CS:child-deleted>1</CS:child-deleted>
+ </CS:collection-changes>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+5.3.2. CS:calendar-changes Element Definition
+
+ Name: calendar-changes
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Indicates which portions of an calendar object resource
+ have changed, or provides details of deleted calendar object
+ resources.
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ Description: This XML element is used in a CS:updated element to
+ describe how a calendar object resource changed, or in a CS:
+ deleted element to provide details of a deleted resource. It can
+ identify the master instance, or individual recurrence instances,
+ and for each indicate which iCalendar properties and parameters
+ changed during the update for which the notification was
+ generated. For details of handling recurrences please see
+ Section 5.3.2.1.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT calendar-changes (recurrence+) >
+
+ <!ELEMENT recurrence
+ ((master | recurrenceid), added?, removed?, changes?)>
+ <!-- Which instances were affected by the change,
+ and details on the per-instance changes -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT master EMPTY>
+ <!-- The "master" instance was affected -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT recurrenceid CDATA>
+ <!-- RECURRENCE-ID value in iCalendar form (in UTC if a
+ non-floating DATE-TIME value) for the affected instance -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT added EMPTY>
+ <!-- The component was added -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT removed EMPTY>
+ <!-- The component was removed -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT changes changed-property*>
+ <!-- Detailed changes in the iCalendar data -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT changed-property changed-parameter*>
+ <!ATTLIST changed-property name PCDATA>
+ <!-- An iCalendar property changed -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT changed-parameter EMPTY>
+ <!ATTLIST changed-parameter name PCDATA>
+ <!-- An iCalendar property parameter changed -->
+
+ Example: This example indicates that a non-recurring component, or
+ the master component in a recurring component, was changed and
+ that the change was to the "SUMMARY" iCalendar property.
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ <CS:calendar-changes xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:master/>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="SUMMARY"/>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ </CS:calendar-changes>
+
+ Example: This example indicates that an instance of a recurring
+ component was changed and that the change was to the "DTSTART"
+ iCalendar property.
+
+ <CS:calendar-changes xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:recurrenceid>20111215T160000Z</CS:recurrenceid>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="DTSTART"/>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ </CS:calendar-changes>
+
+5.3.2.1. Handling Recurrences in CS:calendar-changes
+
+ Changes to recurring components can be complex. This section
+ describes the possible set of changes that could occur, and what the
+ CS:calendar-changes element will contain as a result.
+
+ Master exists, unchanged override added In this case, a CS:
+ recurrence element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id
+ element with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in
+ UTC) of the added component. A CS:added element will be present.
+ There will not be any CS:removed or CS:changes elements.
+
+ Master exists, changed override added In this case, a CS:recurrence
+ element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id element
+ with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in UTC) of
+ the added component. Both CS:added and CS:changes elements will
+ be present. There will not be a CS:removed element.
+
+ Master exists, override changed In this case, a CS:recurrence
+ element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id element
+ with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in UTC) of
+ the added component. A CS:changes element will be present. There
+ will not be any CS:added or CS:removed elements.
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ Master exists, override removed In this case, a CS:recurrence
+ element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id element
+ with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in UTC) of
+ the added component. A CS:removed element will be present. There
+ will not be a CS:added element. A CS:changes element will only be
+ present if the removed component differs from the "derived" master
+ instance.
+
+ Master exists, override cancelled In this case, a CS:recurrence
+ element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id element
+ with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in UTC) of
+ the added component. A CS:removed element will be present. There
+ will not be any CS:added or CS:changes element. There will also
+ be a CS:master element present, with an appropriate CS:changes
+ element, likely covering a change to "RRULE" or addition of
+ "EXDATE" properties.
+
+ Master does not exist, override added In this case, a CS:recurrence
+ element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id element
+ with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in UTC) of
+ the added component. A CS:added element will be present. There
+ will not be a CS:removed or CS:changes element.
+
+ Master does not exist, override changed In this case, a CS:
+ recurrence element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id
+ element with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in
+ UTC) of the added component. A CS:changes element will be
+ present. There will not be any CS:added or CS:removed elements.
+
+ Master does not exist, override removed In this case, a CS:
+ recurrence element will be present, containing a CS:recurrence-id
+ element with a value equal to the RECURRENCE-ID property value (in
+ UTC) of the added component. A CS:removed element will be
+ present. There will not be any CS:added or CS:changes element.
+
+5.3.3. CS:deleted-details Element Definition
+
+ Name: deleted-details
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Provides summary information about a deleted resource or
+ collection.
+
+ Description: This XML element is used in a CS:deleted element to
+ describe useful information about a deleted resource or
+ collection, so clients can provide a meaningful notification
+ message to users. This element has two variants: one for deletion
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ of a calendar object resource, the other for deletion of a
+ calendar collection.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT deleted-details ((deleted-component,
+ deleted-summary,
+ deleted-next-instance?,
+ deleted-had-more-instances?) |
+ deleted-displayname)>
+ <!-- deleted-displayname is used for a collection delete, the other
+ elements used for a resource delete. -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT deleted-component CDATA>
+ <!-- The main calendar component type of the deleted
+ resource, e.g., "VEVENT", "VTODO" -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT deleted-summary CDATA>
+ <!-- Indicates the "SUMMARY" of the next future instance at the
+ time of deletion, or the previous instance if no future
+ instances existed at the time of deletion. -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT deleted-next-instance CDATA>
+ <!ATTLIST deleted-next-instance tzid PCDATA>
+ <!-- If present, indicates when the next deleted instance would
+ have occurred. For a VEVENT that would be the DTSTART value,
+ for a VTODO that would be either DTSTART or DUE, if present.
+ In each case the value must match the value in the iCalendar
+ data, and any TZID iCalendar property parameter value must
+ be included in the tzid XML element attribute value. -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT deleted-had-more-instances EMPTY>
+ <!-- If present indicates that there was more than one future
+ instances still to occur at the time of deletion. -->
+
+ <!ELEMENT deleted-displayname CDATA>
+ <!-- The DAV:getdisplayname property for the collection that
+ was deleted. -->
+
+ Example: This example indicates deletion of a non-recurring event
+ that was yet to occur at the time of deletion.
+
+ <CS:deleted-details xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:deleted-component>VEVENT</CS:deleted-component>
+ <CS:deleted-summary>Birthday Party</CS:deleted-summary>
+ <CS:deleted-next-instance tzid="America/New_York
+ >20120505T120000</CS:deleted-next-instance>
+ </CS:deleted-details>
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ Example: This example indicates deletion of a calendar.
+
+ <CS:deleted-details xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:deleted-displayname>Holidays</CS:deleted-displayname>
+ </CS:deleted-details>
+
+5.3.4. CS:notify-changes Property
+
+ Name: notify-changes
+
+ Namespace: http://calendarserver.org/ns/
+
+ Purpose: Allows a user to specify whether resource change
+ notifications are generated by the server.
+
+ Protected: This property MUST NOT be protected.
+
+ PROPFIND behavior: This property SHOULD NOT be returned by a
+ PROPFIND allprop request (as defined in Section 14.2 of
+ [RFC4918]).
+
+ COPY/MOVE behavior: This property value MUST be preserved in COPY
+ and MOVE operations.
+
+ Description: This property allows a user to enable or disable the
+ server generation of resource change notifications for the
+ calendar collection, and all its child resources, on which the
+ property resides. If the property is not present on a calendar
+ collection, the client and server MUST assume that resource change
+ notifications are enabled.
+
+ Definition:
+
+ <!ELEMENT notify-changes (true|false)>
+ <!ELEMENT true EMPTY>
+ <!ELEMENT false EMPTY>
+
+ <!-- true - notifications enabled,
+ false - notifications disabled -->
+
+
+6. Security Considerations
+
+ Some notification mechanisms might allow a user to trigger a
+ notification to be delivered to other users (e.g., an invitation to
+ share a calendar). In such cases servers MUST ensure that suitable
+ limits are placed on the number and frequency of such user generated
+ notifications.
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ TBD: More?
+
+
+7. IANA Considerations
+
+ This document does not require any actions on the part of IANA.
+
+
+8. Acknowledgments
+
+ This specification is the result of discussions between the various
+ Apple calendar server and client teams.
+
+
+9. References
+
+9.1. Normative References
+
+ [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
+ Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
+
+ [RFC3339] Klyne, G., Ed. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the
+ Internet: Timestamps", RFC 3339, July 2002.
+
+ [RFC4918] Dusseault, L., "HTTP Extensions for Web Distributed
+ Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV)", RFC 4918, June 2007.
+
+9.2. Informative References
+
+ [RFC3744] Clemm, G., Reschke, J., Sedlar, E., and J. Whitehead, "Web
+ Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV)
+ Access Control Protocol", RFC 3744, May 2004.
+
+ [RFC4791] Daboo, C., Desruisseaux, B., and L. Dusseault,
+ "Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV)", RFC 4791,
+ March 2007.
+
+
+Appendix A. Examples
+
+ This section provides more detailed examples of resource change
+ notifications for illustrative purposes only.
+
+A.1. Resource Created
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where one
+ resource has been created.
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:created>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ </CS:created>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+A.2. Resource Updated - Property Change
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where one
+ non-recurring event has had its "DTSTART" and "SUMMARY" iCalendar
+ property values changed.
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:updated>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:calendar-changes>
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:master/>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="DTSTART"/>
+ <CS:changed-property name="SUMMARY"/>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ </CS:calendar-changes>
+ </CS:updated>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+A.3. Resource Updated - Parameter Change
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where one
+ non-recurring event has had the "PARTSTAT" iCalendar property
+ parameter on an "ATTENDEE" property changed, and a "TRANSP" property
+ added.
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:updated>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:calendar-changes>
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:master/>
+ <CS:added>
+ <CS:changed-property name="TRANSP"/>
+ </CS:added>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="ATTENDEE">
+ <CS:changed-parameter name="PARTSTAT"/>
+ </CS:changed-property>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ </CS:calendar-changes>
+ </CS:updated>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+A.4. Resource Updated - Multiple Instances Change
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where two
+ instances of a recurring event have their "DTSTART" and "SUMMARY"
+ iCalendar property values changed.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:updated>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:calendar-changes>
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:recurrenceid>20120209T170000Z</CS:recurrenceid>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="DTSTART"/>
+ <CS:changed-property name="SUMMARY"/>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:recurrenceid>20120210T170000Z</CS:recurrenceid>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="DTSTART"/>
+ <CS:changed-property name="SUMMARY"/>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ </CS:calendar-changes>
+ </CS:updated>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+A.5. Resource Updated - Multiple User Change
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where two
+ instances of a recurring event have their "DTSTART" and "SUMMARY"
+ iCalendar property values changed. Each instance was changed by a
+ different user.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:updated>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:calendar-changes>
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:recurrenceid>20120209T170000Z</CS:recurrenceid>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="DTSTART"/>
+ <CS:changed-property name="SUMMARY"/>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ </CS:calendar-changes>
+ </CS:updated>
+ <CS:updated>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Eric</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>York</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/ericyork</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:calendar-changes>
+ <CS:recurrence>
+ <CS:recurrenceid>20120210T170000Z</CS:recurrenceid>
+ <CS:changes>
+ <CS:changed-property name="DTSTART"/>
+ <CS:changed-property name="SUMMARY"/>
+ </CS:changes>
+ </CS:recurrence>
+ </CS:calendar-changes>
+ </CS:updated>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+A.6. Resource Deleted
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where one
+ resource has been deleted. The resource was a VEVENT whose next
+ occurrence was in the future on 20120210T170000Z.
+
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:deleted>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/new.ics</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:deleted-details>
+ <CS:deleted-component>VEVENT</CS:deleted-component>
+ <CS:deleted-summary>CalDAV Meeting</CS:deleted-summary>
+ <CS:deleted-next-instance
+ >20120210T170000Z</CS:deleted-next-instance>
+ </CS:deleted-details>
+ </CS:deleted>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+A.7. Collection Created
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where a
+ calendar collection has been created.
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:created>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/new-calendar/</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ </CS:created>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+A.8. Collection Updated
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where
+ coalesced changes in a calendar collection are shown. In this case 1
+ child resource was created, 2 updated, and 1 deleted.
+
+
+
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+
+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
+
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:collection-changes>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/calendar/</D:href>
+ <CS:child-created>1</CS:child-created>
+ <CS:child-updated>2</CS:child-updated>
+ <CS:child-deleted>1</CS:child-deleted>
+ </CS:collection-changes>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
+
+A.9. Collection Deleted
+
+ This is an example of the body of a notification resource where a
+ calendar collection has been deleted.
+
+ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+ <CS:notification xmlns:D="DAV:"
+ xmlns:CS="http://calendarserver.org/ns/">
+ <CS:dtstamp>2011-12-09T11:51:14-05:00</CS:dtstamp>
+ <CS:resource-change>
+ <CS:deleted>
+ <D:href>http://example.com/cyrus/old-calendar/</D:href>
+ <CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:first-name>Cyrus</CS:first-name>
+ <CS:last-name>Daboo</CS:last-name>
+ <D:href>/principals/cyrusdaboo</D:href>
+ </CS:changed-by>
+ <CS:deleted-details>
+ <CS:deleted-displayname>Holidays</CS:deleted-displayname>
+ </CS:deleted-details>
+ </CS:deleted>
+ </CS:resource-change>
+ </CS:notification>
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+Daboo [Page 27]
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+ CalDAV User Notifications March 2012
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+
+Author's Address
+
+ Cyrus Daboo
+ Apple Inc.
+ 1 Infinite Loop
+ Cupertino, CA 95014
+ USA
+
+ Email: cyrus@daboo.name
+ URI: http://www.apple.com/
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+Daboo [Page 28]
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