diff options
author | friendica <info@friendica.com> | 2013-10-21 15:46:31 -0700 |
---|---|---|
committer | friendica <info@friendica.com> | 2013-10-21 15:46:31 -0700 |
commit | b35122f7a6ad42756c35bb60ba1f06c3dcd45c77 (patch) | |
tree | ccdf373ce6475d264778523259cc32899b732fe7 /vendor/sabre/dav/docs/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-11.txt | |
parent | e3504df514d306cfe6b83e44a11f550664564af4 (diff) | |
download | volse-hubzilla-b35122f7a6ad42756c35bb60ba1f06c3dcd45c77.tar.gz volse-hubzilla-b35122f7a6ad42756c35bb60ba1f06c3dcd45c77.tar.bz2 volse-hubzilla-b35122f7a6ad42756c35bb60ba1f06c3dcd45c77.zip |
add sabre (1.8.x) via composer in the !@#$ place it wants to be
Diffstat (limited to 'vendor/sabre/dav/docs/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-11.txt')
-rw-r--r-- | vendor/sabre/dav/docs/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-11.txt | 1512 |
1 files changed, 1512 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/vendor/sabre/dav/docs/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-11.txt b/vendor/sabre/dav/docs/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-11.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1ef7b0946 --- /dev/null +++ b/vendor/sabre/dav/docs/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1512 @@ + + + +HTTPbis Working Group R. Fielding, Ed. +Internet-Draft Day Software +Obsoletes: 2616 (if approved) J. Gettys +Intended status: Standards Track Alcatel-Lucent +Expires: February 5, 2011 J. Mogul + HP + H. Frystyk + Microsoft + L. Masinter + Adobe Systems + P. Leach + Microsoft + T. Berners-Lee + W3C/MIT + Y. Lafon, Ed. + W3C + J. Reschke, Ed. + greenbytes + August 4, 2010 + + + HTTP/1.1, part 5: Range Requests and Partial Responses + draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-11 + +Abstract + + The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-level + protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information + systems. HTTP has been in use by the World Wide Web global + information initiative since 1990. This document is Part 5 of the + seven-part specification that defines the protocol referred to as + "HTTP/1.1" and, taken together, obsoletes RFC 2616. Part 5 defines + range-specific requests and the rules for constructing and combining + responses to those requests. + +Editorial Note (To be removed by RFC Editor) + + Discussion of this draft should take place on the HTTPBIS working + group mailing list (ietf-http-wg@w3.org). The current issues list is + at <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/report/3> and related + documents (including fancy diffs) can be found at + <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/>. + + The changes in this draft are summarized in Appendix D.12. + +Status of This Memo + + This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 1] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. + + Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering + Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute + working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- + Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. + + Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months + and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any + time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference + material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." + + This Internet-Draft will expire on February 5, 2011. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the + document authors. All rights reserved. + + This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal + Provisions Relating to IETF Documents + (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of + publication of this document. Please review these documents + carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect + to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must + include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of + the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as + described in the Simplified BSD License. + + This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF + Contributions published or made publicly available before November + 10, 2008. The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this + material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow + modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process. + Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling + the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified + outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may + not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format + it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other + than English. + + + + + + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 2] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + +Table of Contents + + 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 + 1.1. Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 + 1.2. Syntax Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 + 1.2.1. Core Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + 1.2.2. ABNF Rules defined in other Parts of the + Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + 2. Range Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + 2.1. Range Specifier Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + 3. Status Code Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 + 3.1. 206 Partial Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 + 3.2. 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable . . . . . . . . . . . 8 + 4. Combining Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 + 5. Header Field Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 + 5.1. Accept-Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 + 5.2. Content-Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 + 5.3. If-Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 + 5.4. Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 + 5.4.1. Byte Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 + 5.4.2. Range Retrieval Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 + 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 + 6.1. Status Code Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 + 6.2. Header Field Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 + 6.3. Range Specifier Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 + 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 + 8. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 + 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 + 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 + 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + Appendix A. Internet Media Type multipart/byteranges . . . . . . 17 + Appendix B. Compatibility with Previous Versions . . . . . . . . 20 + B.1. Changes from RFC 2616 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 + Appendix C. Collected ABNF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 + Appendix D. Change Log (to be removed by RFC Editor before + publication) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 + D.1. Since RFC2616 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 + D.2. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-00 . . . . . . . . . . . 21 + D.3. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-01 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 + D.4. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-02 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 + D.5. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-03 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 + D.6. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-04 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 + D.7. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-05 . . . . . . . . . . . 22 + D.8. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-06 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 + D.9. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-07 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 + D.10. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-08 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 + D.11. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-09 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 + D.12. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-10 . . . . . . . . . . . 23 + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 3] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 4] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + +1. Introduction + + HTTP clients often encounter interrupted data transfers as a result + of cancelled requests or dropped connections. When a cache has + stored a partial representation, it is desirable to request the + remainder of that representation in a subsequent request rather than + transfer the entire representation. There are also a number of Web + applications that benefit from being able to request only a subset of + a larger representation, such as a single page of a very large + document or only part of an image to be rendered by a device with + limited local storage. + + This document defines HTTP/1.1 range requests, partial responses, and + the multipart/byteranges media type. The protocol for range requests + is an OPTIONAL feature of HTTP, designed so resources or recipients + that do not implement this feature can respond as if it is a normal + GET request without impacting interoperability. Partial responses + are indicated by a distinct status code to not be mistaken for full + responses by intermediate caches that might not implement the + feature. + + Although the HTTP range request mechanism is designed to allow for + extensible range types, this specification only defines requests for + byte ranges. + +1.1. Requirements + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. + + An implementation is not compliant if it fails to satisfy one or more + of the "MUST" or "REQUIRED" level requirements for the protocols it + implements. An implementation that satisfies all the "MUST" or + "REQUIRED" level and all the "SHOULD" level requirements for its + protocols is said to be "unconditionally compliant"; one that + satisfies all the "MUST" level requirements but not all the "SHOULD" + level requirements for its protocols is said to be "conditionally + compliant". + +1.2. Syntax Notation + + This specification uses the ABNF syntax defined in Section 1.2 of + [Part1] (which extends the syntax defined in [RFC5234] with a list + rule). Appendix C shows the collected ABNF, with the list rule + expanded. + + The following core rules are included by reference, as defined in + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 5] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + [RFC5234], Appendix B.1: ALPHA (letters), CR (carriage return), CRLF + (CR LF), CTL (controls), DIGIT (decimal 0-9), DQUOTE (double quote), + HEXDIG (hexadecimal 0-9/A-F/a-f), LF (line feed), OCTET (any 8-bit + sequence of data), SP (space), VCHAR (any visible USASCII character), + and WSP (whitespace). + +1.2.1. Core Rules + + The core rules below are defined in Section 1.2.2 of [Part1]: + + token = <token, defined in [Part1], Section 1.2.2> + OWS = <OWS, defined in [Part1], Section 1.2.2> + +1.2.2. ABNF Rules defined in other Parts of the Specification + + The ABNF rules below are defined in other parts: + + HTTP-date = <HTTP-date, defined in [Part1], Section 6.1> + + + entity-tag = <entity-tag, defined in [Part4], Section 2> + +2. Range Units + + HTTP/1.1 allows a client to request that only part (a range of) the + representation be included within the response. HTTP/1.1 uses range + units in the Range (Section 5.4) and Content-Range (Section 5.2) + header fields. A representation can be broken down into subranges + according to various structural units. + + range-unit = bytes-unit / other-range-unit + bytes-unit = "bytes" + other-range-unit = token + + HTTP/1.1 has been designed to allow implementations of applications + that do not depend on knowledge of ranges. The only range unit + defined by HTTP/1.1 is "bytes". Additional specifiers can be defined + as described in Section 2.1. + + If a range unit is not understood in a request, a server MUST ignore + the whole Range header (Section 5.4). If a range unit is not + understood in a response, an intermediary SHOULD pass the response to + the client; a client MUST fail. + +2.1. Range Specifier Registry + + The HTTP Ranger Specifier Registry defines the name space for the + range specifier names. + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 6] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + Registrations MUST include the following fields: + + o Name + + o Description + + o Pointer to specification text + + Values to be added to this name space are subject to IETF review + ([RFC5226], Section 4.1). + + The registry itself is maintained at + <http://www.iana.org/assignments/http-range-specifiers>. + +3. Status Code Definitions + +3.1. 206 Partial Content + + The server has fulfilled the partial GET request for the resource. + The request MUST have included a Range header field (Section 5.4) + indicating the desired range, and MAY have included an If-Range + header field (Section 5.3) to make the request conditional. + + The response MUST include the following header fields: + + o Either a Content-Range header field (Section 5.2) indicating the + range included with this response, or a multipart/byteranges + Content-Type including Content-Range fields for each part. If a + Content-Length header field is present in the response, its value + MUST match the actual number of octets transmitted in the message- + body. + + o Date + + o Cache-Control, ETag, Expires, Content-Location, Last-Modified, + and/or Vary, if the header field would have been sent in a 200 + response to the same request + + If the 206 response is the result of an If-Range request, the + response SHOULD NOT include other representation header fields. + Otherwise, the response MUST include all of the representation header + fields that would have been returned with a 200 (OK) response to the + same request. + + A cache MUST NOT combine a 206 response with other previously cached + content if the ETag or Last-Modified headers do not match exactly, + see Section 4. + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 7] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + A cache that does not support the Range and Content-Range headers + MUST NOT cache 206 (Partial Content) responses. Furthermore, if a + response uses a range unit that is not understood by the cache, then + it MUST NOT be cached either. + +3.2. 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable + + A server SHOULD return a response with this status code if a request + included a Range request-header field (Section 5.4), and none of the + ranges-specifier values in this field overlap the current extent of + the selected resource, and the request did not include an If-Range + request-header field (Section 5.3). (For byte-ranges, this means + that the first-byte-pos of all of the byte-range-spec values were + greater than the current length of the selected resource.) + + When this status code is returned for a byte-range request, the + response SHOULD include a Content-Range header field specifying the + current length of the representation (see Section 5.2). This + response MUST NOT use the multipart/byteranges content-type. + +4. Combining Ranges + + A response might transfer only a subrange of a representation, either + because the request included one or more Range specifications, or + because a connection closed prematurely. After several such + transfers, a cache might have received several ranges of the same + representation. + + If a cache has a stored non-empty set of subranges for a + representation, and an incoming response transfers another subrange, + the cache MAY combine the new subrange with the existing set if both + the following conditions are met: + + o Both the incoming response and the cache entry have a cache + validator. + + o The two cache validators match using the strong comparison + function (see Section 4 of [Part4]). + + If either requirement is not met, the cache MUST use only the most + recent partial response (based on the Date values transmitted with + every response, and using the incoming response if these values are + equal or missing), and MUST discard the other partial information. + +5. Header Field Definitions + + This section defines the syntax and semantics of HTTP/1.1 header + fields related to range requests and partial responses. + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 8] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + +5.1. Accept-Ranges + + The "Accept-Ranges" response-header field allows a resource to + indicate its acceptance of range requests. + + Accept-Ranges = "Accept-Ranges" ":" OWS Accept-Ranges-v + Accept-Ranges-v = acceptable-ranges + acceptable-ranges = 1#range-unit / "none" + + Origin servers that accept byte-range requests MAY send + + Accept-Ranges: bytes + + but are not required to do so. Clients MAY generate range requests + without having received this header for the resource involved. Range + units are defined in Section 2. + + Servers that do not accept any kind of range request for a resource + MAY send + + Accept-Ranges: none + + to advise the client not to attempt a range request. + +5.2. Content-Range + + The "Content-Range" header field is sent with a partial + representation to specify where in the full representation the + payload body is intended to be applied. + + Range units are defined in Section 2. + + Content-Range = "Content-Range" ":" OWS Content-Range-v + Content-Range-v = content-range-spec + + content-range-spec = byte-content-range-spec + / other-content-range-spec + byte-content-range-spec = bytes-unit SP + byte-range-resp-spec "/" + ( instance-length / "*" ) + + byte-range-resp-spec = (first-byte-pos "-" last-byte-pos) + / "*" + + instance-length = 1*DIGIT + + other-content-range-spec = other-range-unit SP + other-range-resp-spec + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 9] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + other-range-resp-spec = *CHAR + + The header SHOULD indicate the total length of the full + representation, unless this length is unknown or difficult to + determine. The asterisk "*" character means that the instance-length + is unknown at the time when the response was generated. + + Unlike byte-ranges-specifier values (see Section 5.4.1), a byte- + range-resp-spec MUST only specify one range, and MUST contain + absolute byte positions for both the first and last byte of the + range. + + A byte-content-range-spec with a byte-range-resp-spec whose last- + byte-pos value is less than its first-byte-pos value, or whose + instance-length value is less than or equal to its last-byte-pos + value, is invalid. The recipient of an invalid byte-content-range- + spec MUST ignore it and any content transferred along with it. + + In the case of a byte range request: A server sending a response with + status code 416 (Requested range not satisfiable) SHOULD include a + Content-Range field with a byte-range-resp-spec of "*". The + instance-length specifies the current length of the selected + resource. A response with status code 206 (Partial Content) MUST NOT + include a Content-Range field with a byte-range-resp-spec of "*". + + Examples of byte-content-range-spec values, assuming that the + representation contains a total of 1234 bytes: + + o The first 500 bytes: + + bytes 0-499/1234 + + o The second 500 bytes: + + bytes 500-999/1234 + + o All except for the first 500 bytes: + + bytes 500-1233/1234 + + o The last 500 bytes: + + bytes 734-1233/1234 + + When an HTTP message includes the content of a single range (for + example, a response to a request for a single range, or to a request + for a set of ranges that overlap without any holes), this content is + transmitted with a Content-Range header, and a Content-Length header + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 10] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + showing the number of bytes actually transferred. For example, + + HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content + Date: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 06:25:24 GMT + Last-Modified: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 04:58:08 GMT + Content-Range: bytes 21010-47021/47022 + Content-Length: 26012 + Content-Type: image/gif + + When an HTTP message includes the content of multiple ranges (for + example, a response to a request for multiple non-overlapping + ranges), these are transmitted as a multipart message. The multipart + media type used for this purpose is "multipart/byteranges" as defined + in Appendix A. + + A response to a request for a single range MUST NOT be sent using the + multipart/byteranges media type. A response to a request for + multiple ranges, whose result is a single range, MAY be sent as a + multipart/byteranges media type with one part. A client that cannot + decode a multipart/byteranges message MUST NOT ask for multiple + ranges in a single request. + + When a client requests multiple ranges in one request, the server + SHOULD return them in the order that they appeared in the request. + + If the server ignores a byte-range-spec because it is syntactically + invalid, the server SHOULD treat the request as if the invalid Range + header field did not exist. (Normally, this means return a 200 + response containing the full representation). + + If the server receives a request (other than one including an If- + Range request-header field) with an unsatisfiable Range request- + header field (that is, all of whose byte-range-spec values have a + first-byte-pos value greater than the current length of the selected + resource), it SHOULD return a response code of 416 (Requested range + not satisfiable) (Section 3.2). + + Note: Clients cannot depend on servers to send a 416 (Requested + range not satisfiable) response instead of a 200 (OK) response for + an unsatisfiable Range request-header, since not all servers + implement this request-header. + +5.3. If-Range + + If a client has a partial copy of a representation in its cache, and + wishes to have an up-to-date copy of the entire representation in its + cache, it could use the Range request-header with a conditional GET + (using either or both of If-Unmodified-Since and If-Match.) However, + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 11] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + if the condition fails because the representation has been modified, + the client would then have to make a second request to obtain the + entire current representation. + + The "If-Range" request-header field allows a client to "short- + circuit" the second request. Informally, its meaning is "if the + representation is unchanged, send me the part(s) that I am missing; + otherwise, send me the entire new representation". + + If-Range = "If-Range" ":" OWS If-Range-v + If-Range-v = entity-tag / HTTP-date + + If the client has no entity-tag for a representation, but does have a + Last-Modified date, it MAY use that date in an If-Range header. (The + server can distinguish between a valid HTTP-date and any form of + entity-tag by examining no more than two characters.) The If-Range + header SHOULD only be used together with a Range header, and MUST be + ignored if the request does not include a Range header, or if the + server does not support the sub-range operation. + + If the entity-tag given in the If-Range header matches the current + cache validator for the representation, then the server SHOULD + provide the specified sub-range of the representation using a 206 + (Partial Content) response. If the cache validator does not match, + then the server SHOULD return the entire representation using a 200 + (OK) response. + +5.4. Range + +5.4.1. Byte Ranges + + Since all HTTP representations are transferred as sequences of bytes, + the concept of a byte range is meaningful for any HTTP + representation. (However, not all clients and servers need to + support byte-range operations.) + + Byte range specifications in HTTP apply to the sequence of bytes in + the representation body (not necessarily the same as the message- + body). + + A byte range operation MAY specify a single range of bytes, or a set + of ranges within a single representation. + + byte-ranges-specifier = bytes-unit "=" byte-range-set + byte-range-set = 1#( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec ) + byte-range-spec = first-byte-pos "-" [ last-byte-pos ] + first-byte-pos = 1*DIGIT + last-byte-pos = 1*DIGIT + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 12] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + The first-byte-pos value in a byte-range-spec gives the byte-offset + of the first byte in a range. The last-byte-pos value gives the + byte-offset of the last byte in the range; that is, the byte + positions specified are inclusive. Byte offsets start at zero. + + If the last-byte-pos value is present, it MUST be greater than or + equal to the first-byte-pos in that byte-range-spec, or the byte- + range-spec is syntactically invalid. The recipient of a byte-range- + set that includes one or more syntactically invalid byte-range-spec + values MUST ignore the header field that includes that byte-range- + set. + + If the last-byte-pos value is absent, or if the value is greater than + or equal to the current length of the representation body, last-byte- + pos is taken to be equal to one less than the current length of the + representation in bytes. + + By its choice of last-byte-pos, a client can limit the number of + bytes retrieved without knowing the size of the representation. + + suffix-byte-range-spec = "-" suffix-length + suffix-length = 1*DIGIT + + A suffix-byte-range-spec is used to specify the suffix of the + representation body, of a length given by the suffix-length value. + (That is, this form specifies the last N bytes of a representation.) + If the representation is shorter than the specified suffix-length, + the entire representation is used. + + If a syntactically valid byte-range-set includes at least one byte- + range-spec whose first-byte-pos is less than the current length of + the representation, or at least one suffix-byte-range-spec with a + non-zero suffix-length, then the byte-range-set is satisfiable. + Otherwise, the byte-range-set is unsatisfiable. If the byte-range- + set is unsatisfiable, the server SHOULD return a response with a 416 + (Requested range not satisfiable) status code. Otherwise, the server + SHOULD return a response with a 206 (Partial Content) status code + containing the satisfiable ranges of the representation. + + Examples of byte-ranges-specifier values (assuming a representation + of length 10000): + + o The first 500 bytes (byte offsets 0-499, inclusive): + + bytes=0-499 + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 13] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + o The second 500 bytes (byte offsets 500-999, inclusive): + + bytes=500-999 + + o The final 500 bytes (byte offsets 9500-9999, inclusive): + + bytes=-500 + + Or: + + bytes=9500- + + o The first and last bytes only (bytes 0 and 9999): + + bytes=0-0,-1 + + o Several legal but not canonical specifications of the second 500 + bytes (byte offsets 500-999, inclusive): + + bytes=500-600,601-999 + bytes=500-700,601-999 + +5.4.2. Range Retrieval Requests + + The "Range" request-header field defines the GET method (conditional + or not) to request one or more sub-ranges of the response + representation body, instead of the entire representation body. + + Range = "Range" ":" OWS Range-v + Range-v = byte-ranges-specifier + / other-ranges-specifier + other-ranges-specifier = other-range-unit "=" other-range-set + other-range-set = 1*CHAR + + A server MAY ignore the Range header. However, HTTP/1.1 origin + servers and intermediate caches ought to support byte ranges when + possible, since Range supports efficient recovery from partially + failed transfers, and supports efficient partial retrieval of large + representations. + + If the server supports the Range header and the specified range or + ranges are appropriate for the representation: + + o The presence of a Range header in an unconditional GET modifies + what is returned if the GET is otherwise successful. In other + words, the response carries a status code of 206 (Partial Content) + instead of 200 (OK). + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 14] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + o The presence of a Range header in a conditional GET (a request + using one or both of If-Modified-Since and If-None-Match, or one + or both of If-Unmodified-Since and If-Match) modifies what is + returned if the GET is otherwise successful and the condition is + true. It does not affect the 304 (Not Modified) response returned + if the conditional is false. + + In some cases, it might be more appropriate to use the If-Range + header (see Section 5.3) in addition to the Range header. + + If a proxy that supports ranges receives a Range request, forwards + the request to an inbound server, and receives an entire + representation in reply, it SHOULD only return the requested range to + its client. It SHOULD store the entire received response in its + cache if that is consistent with its cache allocation policies. + +6. IANA Considerations + +6.1. Status Code Registration + + The HTTP Status Code Registry located at + <http://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes> shall be updated + with the registrations below: + + +-------+---------------------------------+-------------+ + | Value | Description | Reference | + +-------+---------------------------------+-------------+ + | 206 | Partial Content | Section 3.1 | + | 416 | Requested Range Not Satisfiable | Section 3.2 | + +-------+---------------------------------+-------------+ + +6.2. Header Field Registration + + The Message Header Field Registry located at <http://www.iana.org/ + assignments/message-headers/message-header-index.html> shall be + updated with the permanent registrations below (see [RFC3864]): + + +-------------------+----------+----------+-------------+ + | Header Field Name | Protocol | Status | Reference | + +-------------------+----------+----------+-------------+ + | Accept-Ranges | http | standard | Section 5.1 | + | Content-Range | http | standard | Section 5.2 | + | If-Range | http | standard | Section 5.3 | + | Range | http | standard | Section 5.4 | + +-------------------+----------+----------+-------------+ + + The change controller is: "IETF (iesg@ietf.org) - Internet + Engineering Task Force". + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 15] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + +6.3. Range Specifier Registration + + The registration procedure for HTTP Range Specifiers is defined by + Section 2.1 of this document. + + The HTTP Range Specifier Registry shall be created at + <http://www.iana.org/assignments/http-range-specifiers> and be + populated with the registrations below: + + +----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+ + | Range Specifier Name | Description | Reference | + +----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+ + | bytes | a range of octets | (this specification) | + +----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+ + + The change controller is: "IETF (iesg@ietf.org) - Internet + Engineering Task Force". + +7. Security Considerations + + No additional security considerations have been identified beyond + those applicable to HTTP in general [Part1]. + +8. Acknowledgments + + Most of the specification of ranges is based on work originally done + by Ari Luotonen and John Franks, with additional input from Steve + Zilles, Daniel W. Connolly, Roy T. Fielding, Jim Gettys, Martin + Hamilton, Koen Holtman, Shel Kaplan, Paul Leach, Alex Lopez-Ortiz, + Larry Masinter, Jeff Mogul, Lou Montulli, David W. Morris, Luigi + Rizzo, and Bill Weihl. + +9. References + +9.1. Normative References + + [Part1] Fielding, R., Ed., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., + Masinter, L., Leach, P., Berners-Lee, T., Lafon, Y., Ed., + and J. Reschke, Ed., "HTTP/1.1, part 1: URIs, Connections, + and Message Parsing", draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-11 + (work in progress), August 2010. + + [Part4] Fielding, R., Ed., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., + Masinter, L., Leach, P., Berners-Lee, T., Lafon, Y., Ed., + and J. Reschke, Ed., "HTTP/1.1, part 4: Conditional + Requests", draft-ietf-httpbis-p4-conditional-11 (work in + progress), August 2010. + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 16] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + [RFC2046] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail + Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types", RFC 2046, + November 1996. + + [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate + Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. + + [RFC5234] Crocker, D., Ed. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax + Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008. + +9.2. Informative References + + [RFC2616] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., + Masinter, L., Leach, P., and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext + Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999. + + [RFC3864] Klyne, G., Nottingham, M., and J. Mogul, "Registration + Procedures for Message Header Fields", BCP 90, RFC 3864, + September 2004. + + [RFC4288] Freed, N. and J. Klensin, "Media Type Specifications and + Registration Procedures", BCP 13, RFC 4288, December 2005. + + [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an + IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, + May 2008. + +Appendix A. Internet Media Type multipart/byteranges + + When an HTTP 206 (Partial Content) response message includes the + content of multiple ranges (a response to a request for multiple non- + overlapping ranges), these are transmitted as a multipart message- + body ([RFC2046], Section 5.1). The media type for this purpose is + called "multipart/byteranges". The following is to be registered + with IANA [RFC4288]. + + Note: Despite the name "multipart/byteranges" is not limited to + the byte ranges only. + + The multipart/byteranges media type includes one or more parts, each + with its own Content-Type and Content-Range fields. The required + boundary parameter specifies the boundary string used to separate + each body-part. + + + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 17] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + Type name: multipart + + Subtype name: byteranges + + Required parameters: boundary + + Optional parameters: none + + Encoding considerations: only "7bit", "8bit", or "binary" are + permitted + + Security considerations: none + + Interoperability considerations: none + + Published specification: This specification (see Appendix A). + + Applications that use this media type: + + Additional information: + + Magic number(s): none + + File extension(s): none + + Macintosh file type code(s): none + + Person and email address to contact for further information: See + Authors Section. + + Intended usage: COMMON + + Restrictions on usage: none + + Author/Change controller: IESG + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 18] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + For example: + + HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content + Date: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 06:25:24 GMT + Last-Modified: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 04:58:08 GMT + Content-type: multipart/byteranges; boundary=THIS_STRING_SEPARATES + + --THIS_STRING_SEPARATES + Content-type: application/pdf + Content-range: bytes 500-999/8000 + + ...the first range... + --THIS_STRING_SEPARATES + Content-type: application/pdf + Content-range: bytes 7000-7999/8000 + + ...the second range + --THIS_STRING_SEPARATES-- + + Other example: + + HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content + Date: Tue, 14 Nov 1995 06:25:24 GMT + Last-Modified: Tue, 14 July 04:58:08 GMT + Content-type: multipart/byteranges; boundary=THIS_STRING_SEPARATES + + --THIS_STRING_SEPARATES + Content-type: video/example + Content-range: exampleunit 1.2-4.3/25 + + ...the first range... + --THIS_STRING_SEPARATES + Content-type: video/example + Content-range: exampleunit 11.2-14.3/25 + + ...the second range + --THIS_STRING_SEPARATES-- + + Notes: + + 1. Additional CRLFs MAY precede the first boundary string in the + body. + + 2. Although [RFC2046] permits the boundary string to be quoted, some + existing implementations handle a quoted boundary string + incorrectly. + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 19] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + 3. A number of browsers and servers were coded to an early draft of + the byteranges specification to use a media type of multipart/ + x-byteranges, which is almost, but not quite compatible with the + version documented in HTTP/1.1. + +Appendix B. Compatibility with Previous Versions + +B.1. Changes from RFC 2616 + + Clarify that it is not ok to use a weak cache validator in a 206 + response. (Section 3.1) + + Clarify that multipart/byteranges can consist of a single part. + (Appendix A) + +Appendix C. Collected ABNF + + Accept-Ranges = "Accept-Ranges:" OWS Accept-Ranges-v + Accept-Ranges-v = acceptable-ranges + + Content-Range = "Content-Range:" OWS Content-Range-v + Content-Range-v = content-range-spec + + HTTP-date = <HTTP-date, defined in [Part1], Section 6.1> + + If-Range = "If-Range:" OWS If-Range-v + If-Range-v = entity-tag / HTTP-date + + OWS = <OWS, defined in [Part1], Section 1.2.2> + + Range = "Range:" OWS Range-v + Range-v = byte-ranges-specifier / other-ranges-specifier + + acceptable-ranges = ( *( "," OWS ) range-unit *( OWS "," [ OWS + range-unit ] ) ) / "none" + + byte-content-range-spec = bytes-unit SP byte-range-resp-spec "/" ( + instance-length / "*" ) + byte-range-resp-spec = ( first-byte-pos "-" last-byte-pos ) / "*" + byte-range-set = ( *( "," OWS ) byte-range-spec ) / ( + suffix-byte-range-spec *( OWS "," [ ( OWS byte-range-spec ) / + suffix-byte-range-spec ] ) ) + byte-range-spec = first-byte-pos "-" [ last-byte-pos ] + byte-ranges-specifier = bytes-unit "=" byte-range-set + bytes-unit = "bytes" + + content-range-spec = byte-content-range-spec / + other-content-range-spec + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 20] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + entity-tag = <entity-tag, defined in [Part4], Section 2> + + first-byte-pos = 1*DIGIT + + instance-length = 1*DIGIT + + last-byte-pos = 1*DIGIT + + other-content-range-spec = other-range-unit SP other-range-resp-spec + other-range-resp-spec = *CHAR + other-range-set = 1*CHAR + other-range-unit = token + other-ranges-specifier = other-range-unit "=" other-range-set + + range-unit = bytes-unit / other-range-unit + + suffix-byte-range-spec = "-" suffix-length + suffix-length = 1*DIGIT + + token = <token, defined in [Part1], Section 1.2.2> + + ABNF diagnostics: + + ; Accept-Ranges defined but not used + ; Content-Range defined but not used + ; If-Range defined but not used + ; Range defined but not used + +Appendix D. Change Log (to be removed by RFC Editor before publication) + +D.1. Since RFC2616 + + Extracted relevant partitions from [RFC2616]. + +D.2. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-00 + + Closed issues: + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/18>: "Cache + validators in 206 responses" + (<http://purl.org/NET/http-errata#ifrange206>) + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/35>: "Normative and + Informative references" + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/86>: "Normative up- + to-date references" + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 21] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + +D.3. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-01 + + Closed issues: + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/55>: "Updating to + RFC4288" + + Ongoing work on ABNF conversion + (<http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/36>): + + o Add explicit references to BNF syntax and rules imported from + other parts of the specification. + +D.4. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-02 + + Ongoing work on IANA Message Header Registration + (<http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/40>): + + o Reference RFC 3984, and update header registrations for headers + defined in this document. + +D.5. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-03 + +D.6. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-04 + + Closed issues: + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/133>: "multipart/ + byteranges minimum number of parts" + + Ongoing work on ABNF conversion + (<http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/36>): + + o Use "/" instead of "|" for alternatives. + + o Introduce new ABNF rules for "bad" whitespace ("BWS"), optional + whitespace ("OWS") and required whitespace ("RWS"). + + o Rewrite ABNFs to spell out whitespace rules, factor out header + value format definitions. + +D.7. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-05 + + Closed issues: + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/142>: "State base + for *-byte-pos and suffix-length" + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 22] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + Ongoing work on Custom Ranges + (<http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/85>): + + o Remove bias in favor of byte ranges; allow custom ranges in ABNF. + + Final work on ABNF conversion + (<http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/36>): + + o Add appendix containing collected and expanded ABNF, reorganize + ABNF introduction. + +D.8. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-06 + + Closed issues: + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/161>: "base for + numeric protocol elements" + +D.9. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-07 + + Closed issues: + + o Fixed discrepancy in the If-Range definition about allowed + validators. + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/150>: "multipart/ + byteranges for custom range units" + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/151>: "range unit + missing from other-ranges-specifier in Range header" + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/198>: "move IANA + registrations for optional status codes" + +D.10. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-08 + + No significant changes. + +D.11. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-09 + + No significant changes. + +D.12. Since draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-10 + + Closed issues: + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/69>: "Clarify + 'Requested Variant'" + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 23] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/109>: "Clarify + entity / representation / variant terminology" + + o <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/220>: "consider + removing the 'changes from 2068' sections" + + Ongoing work on Custom Ranges + (<http://tools.ietf.org/wg/httpbis/trac/ticket/85>): + + o Add IANA registry. + +Index + + 2 + 206 Partial Content (status code) 7 + + 4 + 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable (status code) 8 + + A + Accept-Ranges header 9 + + C + Content-Range header 9 + + G + Grammar + Accept-Ranges 9 + Accept-Ranges-v 9 + acceptable-ranges 9 + byte-content-range-spec 9 + byte-range-resp-spec 9 + byte-range-set 12 + byte-range-spec 12 + byte-ranges-specifier 12 + bytes-unit 6 + Content-Range 9 + content-range-spec 9 + Content-Range-v 9 + first-byte-pos 12 + If-Range 12 + If-Range-v 12 + instance-length 9 + last-byte-pos 12 + other-range-unit 6 + Range 14 + range-unit 6 + ranges-specifier 12 + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 24] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + suffix-byte-range-spec 13 + suffix-length 13 + + H + Headers + Accept-Ranges 9 + Content-Range 9 + If-Range 11 + Range 12 + + I + If-Range header 11 + + M + Media Type + multipart/byteranges 17 + multipart/x-byteranges 20 + multipart/byteranges Media Type 17 + multipart/x-byteranges Media Type 20 + + R + Range header 12 + + S + Status Codes + 206 Partial Content 7 + 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable 8 + +Authors' Addresses + + Roy T. Fielding (editor) + Day Software + 23 Corporate Plaza DR, Suite 280 + Newport Beach, CA 92660 + USA + + Phone: +1-949-706-5300 + Fax: +1-949-706-5305 + EMail: fielding@gbiv.com + URI: http://roy.gbiv.com/ + + + + + + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 25] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + Jim Gettys + Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs + 21 Oak Knoll Road + Carlisle, MA 01741 + USA + + EMail: jg@freedesktop.org + URI: http://gettys.wordpress.com/ + + + Jeffrey C. Mogul + Hewlett-Packard Company + HP Labs, Large Scale Systems Group + 1501 Page Mill Road, MS 1177 + Palo Alto, CA 94304 + USA + + EMail: JeffMogul@acm.org + + + Henrik Frystyk Nielsen + Microsoft Corporation + 1 Microsoft Way + Redmond, WA 98052 + USA + + EMail: henrikn@microsoft.com + + + Larry Masinter + Adobe Systems, Incorporated + 345 Park Ave + San Jose, CA 95110 + USA + + EMail: LMM@acm.org + URI: http://larry.masinter.net/ + + + Paul J. Leach + Microsoft Corporation + 1 Microsoft Way + Redmond, WA 98052 + + EMail: paulle@microsoft.com + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 26] + +Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 5 August 2010 + + + Tim Berners-Lee + World Wide Web Consortium + MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory + The Stata Center, Building 32 + 32 Vassar Street + Cambridge, MA 02139 + USA + + EMail: timbl@w3.org + URI: http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/ + + + Yves Lafon (editor) + World Wide Web Consortium + W3C / ERCIM + 2004, rte des Lucioles + Sophia-Antipolis, AM 06902 + France + + EMail: ylafon@w3.org + URI: http://www.raubacapeu.net/people/yves/ + + + Julian F. Reschke (editor) + greenbytes GmbH + Hafenweg 16 + Muenster, NW 48155 + Germany + + Phone: +49 251 2807760 + Fax: +49 251 2807761 + EMail: julian.reschke@greenbytes.de + URI: http://greenbytes.de/tech/webdav/ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Fielding, et al. Expires February 5, 2011 [Page 27] + |