more file cleanup

1 files changed, 1197 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/library/markdownify/markdownify.php b/library/markdownify/markdownify.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d4429a01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/markdownify/markdownify.php
@@ -0,0 +1,1197 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Markdownify converts HTML Markup to [Markdown][1] (by [John Gruber][2]. It
+ * also supports [Markdown Extra][3] by [Michel Fortin][4] via Markdownify_Extra.
+ *
+ * It all started as `html2text.php` - a port of [Aaron Swartz'][5] [`html2text.py`][6] - but
+ * got a long way since. This is far more than a mere port now!
+ * Starting with version 2.0.0 this is a complete rewrite and cannot be
+ * compared to Aaron Swatz' `html2text.py` anylonger. I'm now using a HTML parser
+ * (see `parsehtml.php` which I also wrote) which makes most of the evil
+ * RegEx magic go away and additionally it gives a much cleaner class
+ * structure. Also notably is the fact that I now try to prevent regressions by
+ * utilizing testcases of Michel Fortin's [MDTest][7].
+ *
+ * [1]: http://daringfireball.com/projects/markdown
+ * [2]: http://daringfireball.com/
+ * [3]: http://www.michelf.com/projects/php-markdown/extra/
+ * [4]: http://www.michelf.com/
+ * [5]: http://www.aaronsw.com/
+ * [6]: http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/html2text/
+ * [7]: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.text.markdown.general/2540
+ *
+ * @version 2.0.0 alpha
+ * @author Milian Wolff (<mail@milianw.de>, <http://milianw.de>)
+ * @license LGPL, see LICENSE_LGPL.txt and the summary below
+ * @copyright (C) 2007  Milian Wolff
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+ */
+
+/**
+ * HTML Parser, see http://sf.net/projects/parseHTML
+ */
+require_once dirname(__FILE__).'/parsehtml/parsehtml.php';
+
+/**
+ * default configuration
+ */
+define('MDFY_LINKS_EACH_PARAGRAPH', false);
+define('MDFY_BODYWIDTH', false);
+define('MDFY_KEEPHTML', true);
+
+/**
+ * HTML to Markdown converter class
+ */
+class Markdownify {
+  /**
+   * html parser object
+   *
+   * @var parseHTML
+   */
+  var $parser;
+  /**
+   * markdown output
+   *
+   * @var string
+   */
+  var $output;
+  /**
+   * stack with tags which where not converted to html
+   *
+   * @var array<string>
+   */
+  var $notConverted = array();
+  /**
+   * skip conversion to markdown
+   *
+   * @var bool
+   */
+  var $skipConversion = false;
+  /* options */
+  /**
+   * keep html tags which cannot be converted to markdown
+   *
+   * @var bool
+   */
+  var $keepHTML = false;
+  /**
+   * wrap output, set to 0 to skip wrapping
+   *
+   * @var int
+   */
+  var $bodyWidth = 0;
+  /**
+   * minimum body width
+   *
+   * @var int
+   */
+  var $minBodyWidth = 25;
+  /**
+   * display links after each paragraph
+   *
+   * @var bool
+   */
+  var $linksAfterEachParagraph = false;
+  /**
+   * constructor, set options, setup parser
+   *
+   * @param bool $linksAfterEachParagraph wether or not to flush stacked links after each paragraph
+   *             defaults to false
+   * @param int $bodyWidth wether or not to wrap the output to the given width
+   *             defaults to false
+   * @param bool $keepHTML wether to keep non markdownable HTML or to discard it
+   *             defaults to true (HTML will be kept)
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function Markdownify($linksAfterEachParagraph = MDFY_LINKS_EACH_PARAGRAPH, $bodyWidth = MDFY_BODYWIDTH, $keepHTML = MDFY_KEEPHTML) {
+    $this->linksAfterEachParagraph = $linksAfterEachParagraph;
+    $this->keepHTML = $keepHTML;
+
+    if ($bodyWidth > $this->minBodyWidth) {
+      $this->bodyWidth = intval($bodyWidth);
+    } else {
+      $this->bodyWidth = false;
+    }
+
+    $this->parser = new parseHTML;
+    $this->parser->noTagsInCode = true;
+
+    # we don't have to do this every time
+    $search = array();
+    $replace = array();
+    foreach ($this->escapeInText as $s => $r) {
+      array_push($search, '#(?<!\\\)'.$s.'#U');
+      array_push($replace, $r);
+    }
+    $this->escapeInText = array(
+      'search' => $search,
+      'replace' => $replace
+    );
+  }
+  /**
+   * parse a HTML string
+   *
+   * @param string $html
+   * @return string markdown formatted
+   */
+  function parseString($html) {
+    $this->parser->html = $html;
+    $this->parse();
+    return $this->output;
+  }
+  /**
+   * tags with elements which can be handled by markdown
+   *
+   * @var array<string>
+   */
+  var $isMarkdownable = array(
+    'p' => array(),
+    'ul' => array(),
+    'ol' => array(),
+    'li' => array(),
+    'br' => array(),
+    'blockquote' => array(),
+    'code' => array(),
+    'pre' => array(),
+    'a' => array(
+      'href' => 'required',
+      'title' => 'optional',
+    ),
+    'strong' => array(),
+    'b' => array(),
+    'em' => array(),
+    'i' => array(),
+    'img' => array(
+      'src' => 'required',
+      'alt' => 'optional',
+      'title' => 'optional',
+    ),
+    'h1' => array(),
+    'h2' => array(),
+    'h3' => array(),
+    'h4' => array(),
+    'h5' => array(),
+    'h6' => array(),
+    'hr' => array(),
+  );
+  /**
+   * html tags to be ignored (contents will be parsed)
+   *
+   * @var array<string>
+   */
+  var $ignore = array(
+    'html',
+    'body',
+  );
+  /**
+   * html tags to be dropped (contents will not be parsed!)
+   *
+   * @var array<string>
+   */
+  var $drop = array(
+    'script',
+    'head',
+    'style',
+    'form',
+    'area',
+    'object',
+    'param',
+    'iframe',
+  );
+  /**
+   * Markdown indents which could be wrapped
+   * @note: use strings in regex format
+   *
+   * @var array<string>
+   */
+  var $wrappableIndents = array(
+    '\*   ', # ul
+    '\d.  ', # ol
+    '\d\d. ', # ol
+    '> ', # blockquote
+    '', # p
+  );
+  /**
+   * list of chars which have to be escaped in normal text
+   * @note: use strings in regex format
+   *
+   * @var array
+   *
+   * TODO: what's with block chars / sequences at the beginning of a block?
+   */
+  var $escapeInText = array(
+    '([-*_])([ ]{0,2}\1){2,}' => '\\\\$0|', # hr
+    '\*\*([^*\s]+)\*\*' => '\*\*$1\*\*', # strong
+    '\*([^*\s]+)\*' => '\*$1\*', # em
+    '__(?! |_)(.+)(?!<_| )__' => '\_\_$1\_\_', # em
+    '_(?! |_)(.+)(?!<_| )_' => '\_$1\_', # em
+    '`(.+)`' => '\`$1\`', # code
+    '\[(.+)\](\s*\()' => '\[$1\]$2', # links: [text] (url) => [text\] (url)
+    '\[(.+)\](\s*)\[(.*)\]' => '\[$1\]$2\[$3\]', # links: [text][id] => [text\][id\]
+  );
+  /**
+   * wether last processed node was a block tag or not
+   *
+   * @var bool
+   */
+  var $lastWasBlockTag = false;
+  /**
+   * name of last closed tag
+   *
+   * @var string
+   */
+  var $lastClosedTag = '';
+  /**
+   * iterate through the nodes and decide what we
+   * shall do with the current node
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function parse() {
+    $this->output = '';
+    # drop tags
+    $this->parser->html = preg_replace('#<('.implode('|', $this->drop).')[^>]*>.*</\\1>#sU', '', $this->parser->html);
+    while ($this->parser->nextNode()) {
+      switch ($this->parser->nodeType) {
+        case 'doctype':
+          break;
+        case 'pi':
+        case 'comment':
+          if ($this->keepHTML) {
+            $this->flushLinebreaks();
+            $this->out($this->parser->node);
+            $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+          }
+          # else drop
+          break;
+        case 'text':
+          $this->handleText();
+          break;
+        case 'tag':
+          if (in_array($this->parser->tagName, $this->ignore)) {
+            break;
+          }
+          if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+            $this->flushLinebreaks();
+          }
+          if ($this->skipConversion) {
+            $this->isMarkdownable(); # update notConverted
+            $this->handleTagToText();
+            continue;
+          }
+          if (!$this->parser->keepWhitespace && $this->parser->isBlockElement && $this->parser->isStartTag) {
+            $this->parser->html = ltrim($this->parser->html);
+          }
+          if ($this->isMarkdownable()) {
+            if ($this->parser->isBlockElement && $this->parser->isStartTag && !$this->lastWasBlockTag && !empty($this->output)) {
+              if (!empty($this->buffer)) {
+                $str =& $this->buffer[count($this->buffer) -1];
+              } else {
+                $str =& $this->output;
+              }
+              if (substr($str, -strlen($this->indent)-1) != "\n".$this->indent) {
+                $str .= "\n".$this->indent;
+              }
+            }
+            $func = 'handleTag_'.$this->parser->tagName;
+            $this->$func();
+            if ($this->linksAfterEachParagraph && $this->parser->isBlockElement && !$this->parser->isStartTag && empty($this->parser->openTags)) {
+              $this->flushStacked();
+            }
+            if (!$this->parser->isStartTag) {
+              $this->lastClosedTag = $this->parser->tagName;
+            }
+          } else {
+            $this->handleTagToText();
+            $this->lastClosedTag = '';
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          trigger_error('invalid node type', E_USER_ERROR);
+          break;
+      }
+      $this->lastWasBlockTag = $this->parser->nodeType == 'tag' && $this->parser->isStartTag && $this->parser->isBlockElement;
+    }
+    if (!empty($this->buffer)) {
+      trigger_error('buffer was not flushed, this is a bug. please report!', E_USER_WARNING);
+      while (!empty($this->buffer)) {
+        $this->out($this->unbuffer());
+      }
+    }
+    ### cleanup
+    $this->output = rtrim(str_replace('&amp;', '&', str_replace('&lt;', '<', str_replace('&gt;', '>', $this->output))));
+    # end parsing, flush stacked tags
+    $this->flushStacked();
+    $this->stack = array();
+  }
+  /**
+   * check if current tag can be converted to Markdown
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return bool
+   */
+  function isMarkdownable() {
+    if (!isset($this->isMarkdownable[$this->parser->tagName])) {
+      # simply not markdownable
+      return false;
+    }
+    if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $return = true;
+      if ($this->keepHTML) {
+        $diff = array_diff(array_keys($this->parser->tagAttributes), array_keys($this->isMarkdownable[$this->parser->tagName]));
+        if (!empty($diff)) {
+          # non markdownable attributes given
+          $return = false;
+        }
+      }
+      if ($return) {
+        foreach ($this->isMarkdownable[$this->parser->tagName] as $attr => $type) {
+          if ($type == 'required' && !isset($this->parser->tagAttributes[$attr])) {
+            # required markdown attribute not given
+            $return = false;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (!$return) {
+        array_push($this->notConverted, $this->parser->tagName.'::'.implode('/', $this->parser->openTags));
+      }
+      return $return;
+    } else {
+      if (!empty($this->notConverted) && end($this->notConverted) === $this->parser->tagName.'::'.implode('/', $this->parser->openTags)) {
+        array_pop($this->notConverted);
+        return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * output all stacked tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function flushStacked() {
+    # links
+    foreach ($this->stack as $tag => $a) {
+      if (!empty($a)) {
+        call_user_func(array(&$this, 'flushStacked_'.$tag));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * output link references (e.g. [1]: http://example.com "title");
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function flushStacked_a() {
+    $out = false;
+    foreach ($this->stack['a'] as $k => $tag) {
+      if (!isset($tag['unstacked'])) {
+        if (!$out) {
+          $out = true;
+          $this->out("\n\n", true);
+        } else {
+          $this->out("\n", true);
+        }
+        $this->out(' ['.$tag['linkID'].']: '.$tag['href'].(isset($tag['title']) ? ' "'.$tag['title'].'"' : ''), true);
+        $tag['unstacked'] = true;
+        $this->stack['a'][$k] = $tag;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * flush enqued linebreaks
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function flushLinebreaks() {
+    if ($this->lineBreaks && !empty($this->output)) {
+      $this->out(str_repeat("\n".$this->indent, $this->lineBreaks), true);
+    }
+    $this->lineBreaks = 0;
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle non Markdownable tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTagToText() {
+    if (!$this->keepHTML) {
+      if (!$this->parser->isStartTag && $this->parser->isBlockElement) {
+        $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+      }
+    } else {
+      # dont convert to markdown inside this tag
+      /** TODO: markdown extra **/
+      if (!$this->parser->isEmptyTag) {
+        if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+          if (!$this->skipConversion) {
+            $this->skipConversion = $this->parser->tagName.'::'.implode('/', $this->parser->openTags);
+          }
+        } else {
+          if ($this->skipConversion == $this->parser->tagName.'::'.implode('/', $this->parser->openTags)) {
+            $this->skipConversion = false;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if ($this->parser->isBlockElement) {
+        if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+          if (in_array($this->parent(), array('ins', 'del'))) {
+            # looks like ins or del are block elements now
+            $this->out("\n", true);
+            $this->indent('  ');
+          }
+          if ($this->parser->tagName != 'pre') {
+            $this->out($this->parser->node."\n".$this->indent);
+            if (!$this->parser->isEmptyTag) {
+              $this->indent('  ');
+            } else {
+              $this->setLineBreaks(1);
+            }
+            $this->parser->html = ltrim($this->parser->html);
+          } else {
+            # don't indent inside <pre> tags
+            $this->out($this->parser->node);
+            static $indent;
+            $indent =  $this->indent;
+            $this->indent = '';
+          }
+        } else {
+          if (!$this->parser->keepWhitespace) {
+            $this->output = rtrim($this->output);
+          }
+          if ($this->parser->tagName != 'pre') {
+            $this->indent('  ');
+            $this->out("\n".$this->indent.$this->parser->node);
+          } else {
+            # reset indentation
+            $this->out($this->parser->node);
+            static $indent;
+            $this->indent = $indent;
+          }
+
+          if (in_array($this->parent(), array('ins', 'del'))) {
+            # ins or del was block element
+            $this->out("\n");
+            $this->indent('  ');
+          }
+          if ($this->parser->tagName == 'li') {
+            $this->setLineBreaks(1);
+          } else {
+            $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        $this->out($this->parser->node);
+      }
+      if (in_array($this->parser->tagName, array('code', 'pre'))) {
+        if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+          $this->buffer();
+        } else {
+          # add stuff so cleanup just reverses this
+          $this->out(str_replace('&lt;', '&amp;lt;', str_replace('&gt;', '&amp;gt;', $this->unbuffer())));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle plain text
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleText() {
+    if ($this->hasParent('pre') && strpos($this->parser->node, "\n") !== false) {
+      $this->parser->node = str_replace("\n", "\n".$this->indent, $this->parser->node);
+    }
+    if (!$this->hasParent('code') && !$this->hasParent('pre')) {
+      # entity decode
+      $this->parser->node = $this->decode($this->parser->node);
+      if (!$this->skipConversion) {
+        # escape some chars in normal Text
+        $this->parser->node = preg_replace($this->escapeInText['search'], $this->escapeInText['replace'], $this->parser->node);
+      }
+    } else {
+      $this->parser->node = str_replace(array('&quot;', '&apos'), array('"', '\''), $this->parser->node);
+    }
+    $this->out($this->parser->node);
+    $this->lastClosedTag = '';
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <em> and <i> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_em() {
+    $this->out('*', true);
+  }
+  function handleTag_i() {
+    $this->handleTag_em();
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <strong> and <b> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_strong() {
+    $this->out('**', true);
+  }
+  function handleTag_b() {
+    $this->handleTag_strong();
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <h1> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_h1() {
+    $this->handleHeader(1);
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <h2> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_h2() {
+    $this->handleHeader(2);
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <h3> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_h3() {
+    $this->handleHeader(3);
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <h4> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_h4() {
+    $this->handleHeader(4);
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <h5> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_h5() {
+    $this->handleHeader(5);
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <h6> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_h6() {
+    $this->handleHeader(6);
+  }
+  /**
+   * number of line breaks before next inline output
+   */
+  var $lineBreaks = 0;
+  /**
+   * handle header tags (<h1> - <h6>)
+   *
+   * @param int $level 1-6
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleHeader($level) {
+    if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->out(str_repeat('#', $level).' ', true);
+    } else {
+      $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <p> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_p() {
+    if (!$this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <a> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_a() {
+    if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->buffer();
+      if (isset($this->parser->tagAttributes['title'])) {
+        $this->parser->tagAttributes['title'] = $this->decode($this->parser->tagAttributes['title']);
+      } else {
+        $this->parser->tagAttributes['title'] = null;
+      }
+      $this->parser->tagAttributes['href'] = $this->decode(trim($this->parser->tagAttributes['href']));
+      $this->stack();
+    } else {
+      $tag = $this->unstack();
+      $buffer = $this->unbuffer();
+
+      if (empty($tag['href']) && empty($tag['title'])) {
+        # empty links... testcase mania, who would possibly do anything like that?!
+        $this->out('['.$buffer.']()', true);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if ($buffer == $tag['href'] && empty($tag['title'])) {
+        # <http://example.com>
+        $this->out('<'.$buffer.'>', true);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $bufferDecoded = $this->decode(trim($buffer));
+      if (substr($tag['href'], 0, 7) == 'mailto:' && 'mailto:'.$bufferDecoded == $tag['href']) {
+        if (is_null($tag['title'])) {
+          # <mail@example.com>
+          $this->out('<'.$bufferDecoded.'>', true);
+          return;
+        }
+        # [mail@example.com][1]
+        # ...
+        #  [1]: mailto:mail@example.com Title
+        $tag['href'] = 'mailto:'.$bufferDecoded;
+      }
+
+      $this->out('['.$buffer.']('.$tag['href'].' "'.$tag['title'].'")', true);
+
+/*
+      # [This link][id]
+      foreach ($this->stack['a'] as $tag2) {
+        if ($tag2['href'] == $tag['href'] && $tag2['title'] === $tag['title']) {
+          $tag['linkID'] = $tag2['linkID'];
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (!isset($tag['linkID'])) {
+        $tag['linkID'] = count($this->stack['a']) + 1;
+        array_push($this->stack['a'], $tag);
+      }
+
+      $this->out('['.$buffer.']['.$tag['linkID'].']', true);
+*/
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <img /> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_img() {
+    if (!$this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      return; # just to be sure this is really an empty tag...
+    }
+
+    if (isset($this->parser->tagAttributes['title'])) {
+      $this->parser->tagAttributes['title'] = $this->decode($this->parser->tagAttributes['title']);
+    } else {
+      $this->parser->tagAttributes['title'] = null;
+    }
+    if (isset($this->parser->tagAttributes['alt'])) {
+      $this->parser->tagAttributes['alt'] = $this->decode($this->parser->tagAttributes['alt']);
+    } else {
+      $this->parser->tagAttributes['alt'] = null;
+    }
+
+    if (empty($this->parser->tagAttributes['src'])) {
+      # support for "empty" images... dunno if this is really needed
+      # but there are some testcases which do that...
+      if (!empty($this->parser->tagAttributes['title'])) {
+        $this->parser->tagAttributes['title'] = ' '.$this->parser->tagAttributes['title'].' ';
+      }
+      $this->out('!['.$this->parser->tagAttributes['alt'].']('.$this->parser->tagAttributes['title'].')', true);
+      return;
+    } else {
+      $this->parser->tagAttributes['src'] = $this->decode($this->parser->tagAttributes['src']);
+    }
+
+// ![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg "Optional title")
+    if ($this->parser->tagAttributes['title'] != "")
+      $this->out('!['.$this->parser->tagAttributes['alt'].']('.$this->parser->tagAttributes['src'].' "'.$this->parser->tagAttributes['title'].'")', true);
+    else
+      $this->out('!['.$this->parser->tagAttributes['alt'].']('.$this->parser->tagAttributes['src'].')', true);
+
+/*
+    # [This link][id]
+    $link_id = false;
+    if (!empty($this->stack['a'])) {
+      foreach ($this->stack['a'] as $tag) {
+        if ($tag['href'] == $this->parser->tagAttributes['src']
+            && $tag['title'] === $this->parser->tagAttributes['title']) {
+          $link_id = $tag['linkID'];
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      $this->stack['a'] = array();
+    }
+    if (!$link_id) {
+      $link_id = count($this->stack['a']) + 1;
+      $tag = array(
+        'href' => $this->parser->tagAttributes['src'],
+        'linkID' => $link_id,
+        'title' => $this->parser->tagAttributes['title']
+      );
+      array_push($this->stack['a'], $tag);
+    }
+
+    $this->out('!['.$this->parser->tagAttributes['alt'].']['.$link_id.']', true);
+*/
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <code> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_code() {
+    if ($this->hasParent('pre')) {
+      # ignore code blocks inside <pre>
+      return;
+    }
+    if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->buffer();
+    } else {
+      $buffer = $this->unbuffer();
+      # use as many backticks as needed
+      preg_match_all('#`+#', $buffer, $matches);
+      if (!empty($matches[0])) {
+        rsort($matches[0]);
+
+        $ticks = '`';
+        while (true) {
+          if (!in_array($ticks, $matches[0])) {
+            break;
+          }
+          $ticks .= '`';
+        }
+      } else {
+        $ticks = '`';
+      }
+      if ($buffer[0] == '`' || substr($buffer, -1) == '`') {
+        $buffer = ' '.$buffer.' ';
+      }
+      $this->out($ticks.$buffer.$ticks, true);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <pre> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_pre() {
+    if ($this->keepHTML && $this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      # check if a simple <code> follows
+      if (!preg_match('#^\s*<code\s*>#Us', $this->parser->html)) {
+        # this is no standard markdown code block
+        $this->handleTagToText();
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    $this->indent('    ');
+    if (!$this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+    } else {
+      $this->parser->html = ltrim($this->parser->html);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <blockquote> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_blockquote() {
+    $this->indent('> ');
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <ul> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_ul() {
+    if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->stack();
+      if (!$this->keepHTML && $this->lastClosedTag == $this->parser->tagName) {
+        $this->out("\n".$this->indent.'<!-- -->'."\n".$this->indent."\n".$this->indent);
+      }
+    } else {
+      $this->unstack();
+      if ($this->parent() != 'li' || preg_match('#^\s*(</li\s*>\s*<li\s*>\s*)?<(p|blockquote)\s*>#sU', $this->parser->html)) {
+        # dont make Markdown add unneeded paragraphs
+        $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <ul> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_ol() {
+    # same as above
+    $this->parser->tagAttributes['num'] = 0;
+    $this->handleTag_ul();
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <li> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_li() {
+    if ($this->parent() == 'ol') {
+      $parent =& $this->getStacked('ol');
+      if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+        $parent['num']++;
+        $this->out($parent['num'].'.'.str_repeat(' ', 3 - strlen($parent['num'])), true);
+      }
+      $this->indent('    ', false);
+    } else {
+      if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+        $this->out('*   ', true);
+      }
+      $this->indent('    ', false);
+    }
+    if (!$this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->setLineBreaks(1);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <hr /> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_hr() {
+    if (!$this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      return; # just to be sure this really is an empty tag
+    }
+    $this->out('* * *', true);
+    $this->setLineBreaks(2);
+  }
+  /**
+   * handle <br /> tags
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function handleTag_br() {
+    $this->out("  \n".$this->indent, true);
+    $this->parser->html = ltrim($this->parser->html);
+  }
+  /**
+   * node stack, e.g. for <a> and <abbr> tags
+   *
+   * @var array<array>
+   */
+  var $stack = array();
+  /**
+   * add current node to the stack
+   * this only stores the attributes
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function stack() {
+    if (!isset($this->stack[$this->parser->tagName])) {
+      $this->stack[$this->parser->tagName] = array();
+    }
+    array_push($this->stack[$this->parser->tagName], $this->parser->tagAttributes);
+  }
+  /**
+   * remove current tag from stack
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return array
+   */
+  function unstack() {
+    if (!isset($this->stack[$this->parser->tagName]) || !is_array($this->stack[$this->parser->tagName])) {
+      trigger_error('Trying to unstack from empty stack. This must not happen.', E_USER_ERROR);
+    }
+    return array_pop($this->stack[$this->parser->tagName]);
+  }
+  /**
+   * get last stacked element of type $tagName
+   *
+   * @param string $tagName
+   * @return array
+   */
+  function & getStacked($tagName) {
+    // no end() so it can be referenced
+    return $this->stack[$tagName][count($this->stack[$tagName])-1];
+  }
+  /**
+   * set number of line breaks before next start tag
+   *
+   * @param int $number
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function setLineBreaks($number) {
+    if ($this->lineBreaks < $number) {
+      $this->lineBreaks = $number;
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * stores current buffers
+   *
+   * @var array<string>
+   */
+  var $buffer = array();
+  /**
+   * buffer next parser output until unbuffer() is called
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function buffer() {
+    array_push($this->buffer, '');
+  }
+  /**
+   * end current buffer and return buffered output
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return string
+   */
+  function unbuffer() {
+    return array_pop($this->buffer);
+  }
+  /**
+   * append string to the correct var, either
+   * directly to $this->output or to the current
+   * buffers
+   *
+   * @param string $put
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function out($put, $nowrap = false) {
+    if (empty($put)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!empty($this->buffer)) {
+      $this->buffer[count($this->buffer) - 1] .= $put;
+    } else {
+      if ($this->bodyWidth && !$this->parser->keepWhitespace) { # wrap lines
+        // get last line
+        $pos = strrpos($this->output, "\n");
+        if ($pos === false) {
+          $line = $this->output;
+        } else {
+          $line = substr($this->output, $pos);
+        }
+
+        if ($nowrap) {
+          if ($put[0] != "\n" && $this->strlen($line) + $this->strlen($put) > $this->bodyWidth) {
+            $this->output .= "\n".$this->indent.$put;
+          } else {
+            $this->output .= $put;
+          }
+          return;
+        } else {
+          $put .= "\n"; # make sure we get all lines in the while below
+          $lineLen = $this->strlen($line);
+          while ($pos = strpos($put, "\n")) {
+            $putLine = substr($put, 0, $pos+1);
+            $put = substr($put, $pos+1);
+            $putLen = $this->strlen($putLine);
+            if ($lineLen + $putLen < $this->bodyWidth) {
+              $this->output .= $putLine;
+              $lineLen = $putLen;
+            } else {
+              $split = preg_split('#^(.{0,'.($this->bodyWidth - $lineLen).'})\b#', $putLine, 2, PREG_SPLIT_OFFSET_CAPTURE | PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);
+              $this->output .= rtrim($split[1][0])."\n".$this->indent.$this->wordwrap(ltrim($split[2][0]), $this->bodyWidth, "\n".$this->indent, false);
+            }
+          }
+          $this->output = substr($this->output, 0, -1);
+          return;
+        }
+      } else {
+        $this->output .= $put;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * current indentation
+   *
+   * @var string
+   */
+  var $indent = '';
+  /**
+   * indent next output (start tag) or unindent (end tag)
+   *
+   * @param string $str indentation
+   * @param bool $output add indendation to output
+   * @return void
+   */
+  function indent($str, $output = true) {
+    if ($this->parser->isStartTag) {
+      $this->indent .= $str;
+      if ($output) {
+        $this->out($str, true);
+      }
+    } else {
+      $this->indent = substr($this->indent, 0, -strlen($str));
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * decode email addresses
+   *
+   * @author derernst@gmx.ch <http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.html-entity-decode.php#68536>
+   * @author Milian Wolff <http://milianw.de>
+   */
+  function decode($text, $quote_style = ENT_QUOTES) {
+    if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5', '>=')) {
+      # UTF-8 is only supported in PHP 5.x.x and above
+      $text = html_entity_decode($text, $quote_style, 'UTF-8');
+    } else {
+      if (function_exists('html_entity_decode')) {
+        $text = html_entity_decode($text, $quote_style, 'ISO-8859-1');
+      } else {
+        static $trans_tbl;
+        if (!isset($trans_tbl)) {
+          $trans_tbl = array_flip(get_html_translation_table(HTML_ENTITIES, $quote_style));
+        }
+        $text = strtr($text, $trans_tbl);
+      }
+      $text = preg_replace_callback('~&#x([0-9a-f]+);~i', array(&$this, '_decode_hex'), $text);
+      $text = preg_replace_callback('~&#(\d{2,5});~', array(&$this, '_decode_numeric'), $text);
+    }
+    return $text;
+  }
+  /**
+   * callback for decode() which converts a hexadecimal entity to UTF-8
+   *
+   * @param array $matches
+   * @return string UTF-8 encoded
+   */
+  function _decode_hex($matches) {
+    return $this->unichr(hexdec($matches[1]));
+  }
+  /**
+   * callback for decode() which converts a numerical entity to UTF-8
+   *
+   * @param array $matches
+   * @return string UTF-8 encoded
+   */
+  function _decode_numeric($matches) {
+    return $this->unichr($matches[1]);
+  }
+  /**
+   * UTF-8 chr() which supports numeric entities
+   *
+   * @author grey - greywyvern - com <http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.chr.php#55978>
+   * @param array $matches
+   * @return string UTF-8 encoded
+   */
+  function unichr($dec) {
+    if ($dec < 128) {
+      $utf = chr($dec);
+    } else if ($dec < 2048) {
+      $utf = chr(192 + (($dec - ($dec % 64)) / 64));
+      $utf .= chr(128 + ($dec % 64));
+    } else {
+      $utf = chr(224 + (($dec - ($dec % 4096)) / 4096));
+      $utf .= chr(128 + ((($dec % 4096) - ($dec % 64)) / 64));
+      $utf .= chr(128 + ($dec % 64));
+    }
+    return $utf;
+  }
+  /**
+   * UTF-8 strlen()
+   *
+   * @param string $str
+   * @return int
+   *
+   * @author dtorop 932 at hotmail dot com <http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.strlen.php#37975>
+   * @author Milian Wolff <http://milianw.de>
+   */
+  function strlen($str) {
+    if (function_exists('mb_strlen')) {
+      return mb_strlen($str, 'UTF-8');
+    } else {
+      return preg_match_all('/[\x00-\x7F\xC0-\xFD]/', $str, $var_empty);
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+  * wordwrap for utf8 encoded strings
+  *
+  * @param string $str
+  * @param integer $len
+  * @param string $what
+  * @return string
+  */
+  function wordwrap($str, $width, $break, $cut = false){
+    if (!$cut) {
+      $regexp = '#^(?:[\x00-\x7F]|[\xC0-\xFF][\x80-\xBF]+){1,'.$width.'}\b#';
+    } else {
+      $regexp = '#^(?:[\x00-\x7F]|[\xC0-\xFF][\x80-\xBF]+){'.$width.'}#';
+    }
+    $return = '';
+    while (preg_match($regexp, $str, $matches)) {
+      $string = $matches[0];
+      $str = ltrim(substr($str, strlen($string)));
+      if (!$cut && isset($str[0]) && in_array($str[0], array('.', '!', ';', ':', '?', ','))) {
+        $string .= $str[0];
+        $str = ltrim(substr($str, 1));
+      }
+      $return .= $string.$break;
+    }
+    return $return.ltrim($str);
+  }
+  /**
+   * check if current node has a $tagName as parent (somewhere, not only the direct parent)
+   *
+   * @param string $tagName
+   * @return bool
+   */
+  function hasParent($tagName) {
+    return in_array($tagName, $this->parser->openTags);
+  }
+  /**
+   * get tagName of direct parent tag
+   *
+   * @param void
+   * @return string $tagName
+   */
+  function parent() {
+    return end($this->parser->openTags);
+  }
+}