update cropperjs to the recent version

16 files changed, 1056 insertions, 707 deletions

diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/css/cropper.css b/library/cropperjs/src/css/cropper.css
index d09c4f182..756a7e1c1 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/css/cropper.css
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/css/cropper.css
@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-:root {
-  --blue: #39f;
-}
-
 .cropper-container {
   direction: ltr;
   font-size: 0;
@@ -11,7 +7,6 @@
   user-select: none;
 
   & img {
-    /* Avoid margin top issue (Occur only when margin-top <= -height) */
     display: block;
     height: 100%;
     image-orientation: 0deg;
@@ -47,14 +42,14 @@
 
 .cropper-modal {
   background-color: #000;
-  opacity: .5;
+  opacity: 0.5;
 }
 
 .cropper-view-box {
   display: block;
   height: 100%;
-  outline-color: color(var(--blue) alpha(75%));
-  outline: 1px solid var(--blue);
+  outline: 1px solid #39f;
+  outline-color: rgba(51, 153, 255, 0.75);
   overflow: hidden;
   width: 100%;
 }
@@ -62,15 +57,15 @@
 .cropper-dashed {
   border: 0 dashed #eee;
   display: block;
-  opacity: .5;
+  opacity: 0.5;
   position: absolute;
 
   &.dashed-h {
     border-bottom-width: 1px;
     border-top-width: 1px;
-    height: calc(100 / 3)%;
+    height: calc(100% / 3);
     left: 0;
-    top: calc(100 / 3)%;
+    top: calc(100% / 3);
     width: 100%;
   }
 
@@ -78,9 +73,9 @@
     border-left-width: 1px;
     border-right-width: 1px;
     height: 100%;
-    left: calc(100 / 3)%;
+    left: calc(100% / 3);
     top: 0;
-    width: calc(100 / 3)%;
+    width: calc(100% / 3);
   }
 }
 
@@ -88,27 +83,27 @@
   display: block;
   height: 0;
   left: 50%;
-  opacity: .75;
+  opacity: 0.75;
   position: absolute;
   top: 50%;
   width: 0;
 
-  &:before,
-  &:after {
+  &::before,
+  &::after {
     background-color: #eee;
     content: ' ';
     display: block;
     position: absolute;
   }
 
-  &:before {
+  &::before {
     height: 1px;
     left: -3px;
     top: 0;
     width: 7px;
   }
 
-  &:after {
+  &::after {
     height: 7px;
     left: 0;
     top: -3px;
@@ -121,7 +116,7 @@
 .cropper-point {
   display: block;
   height: 100%;
-  opacity: .1;
+  opacity: 0.1;
   position: absolute;
   width: 100%;
 }
@@ -133,7 +128,7 @@
 }
 
 .cropper-line {
-  background-color: var(--blue);
+  background-color: #39f;
 
   &.line-e {
     cursor: ew-resize;
@@ -165,9 +160,9 @@
 }
 
 .cropper-point {
-  background-color: var(--blue);
+  background-color: #39f;
   height: 5px;
-  opacity: .75;
+  opacity: 0.75;
   width: 5px;
 
   &.point-e {
@@ -236,13 +231,13 @@
 
     @media (min-width: 1200px) {
       height: 5px;
-      opacity: .75;
+      opacity: 0.75;
       width: 5px;
     }
   }
 
-  &.point-se:before {
-    background-color: var(--blue);
+  &.point-se::before {
+    background-color: #39f;
     bottom: -50%;
     content: ' ';
     display: block;
@@ -287,4 +282,3 @@
 .cropper-disabled .cropper-point {
   cursor: not-allowed;
 }
-
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/css/cropper.scss b/library/cropperjs/src/css/cropper.scss
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cfca464b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/css/cropper.scss
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+.cropper {
+  &-container {
+    direction: ltr;
+    font-size: 0;
+    line-height: 0;
+    position: relative;
+    touch-action: none;
+    user-select: none;
+
+    img {
+      display: block;
+      height: 100%;
+      image-orientation: 0deg;
+      max-height: none !important;
+      max-width: none !important;
+      min-height: 0 !important;
+      min-width: 0 !important;
+      width: 100%;
+    }
+  }
+
+  &-wrap-box,
+  &-canvas,
+  &-drag-box,
+  &-crop-box,
+  &-modal {
+    bottom: 0;
+    left: 0;
+    position: absolute;
+    right: 0;
+    top: 0;
+  }
+
+  &-wrap-box,
+  &-canvas {
+    overflow: hidden;
+  }
+
+  &-drag-box {
+    background-color: #fff;
+    opacity: 0;
+  }
+
+  &-modal {
+    background-color: #000;
+    opacity: 0.5;
+  }
+
+  &-view-box {
+    display: block;
+    height: 100%;
+    outline: 1px solid #39f;
+    outline-color: rgba(51, 153, 255, 0.75);
+    overflow: hidden;
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+
+  &-dashed {
+    border: 0 dashed #eee;
+    display: block;
+    opacity: 0.5;
+    position: absolute;
+
+    &.dashed-h {
+      border-bottom-width: 1px;
+      border-top-width: 1px;
+      height: calc(100% / 3);
+      left: 0;
+      top: calc(100% / 3);
+      width: 100%;
+    }
+
+    &.dashed-v {
+      border-left-width: 1px;
+      border-right-width: 1px;
+      height: 100%;
+      left: calc(100% / 3);
+      top: 0;
+      width: calc(100% / 3);
+    }
+  }
+
+  &-center {
+    display: block;
+    height: 0;
+    left: 50%;
+    opacity: 0.75;
+    position: absolute;
+    top: 50%;
+    width: 0;
+
+    &::before,
+    &::after {
+      background-color: #eee;
+      content: ' ';
+      display: block;
+      position: absolute;
+    }
+
+    &::before {
+      height: 1px;
+      left: -3px;
+      top: 0;
+      width: 7px;
+    }
+
+    &::after {
+      height: 7px;
+      left: 0;
+      top: -3px;
+      width: 1px;
+    }
+  }
+
+  &-face,
+  &-line,
+  &-point {
+    display: block;
+    height: 100%;
+    opacity: 0.1;
+    position: absolute;
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+
+  &-face {
+    background-color: #fff;
+    left: 0;
+    top: 0;
+  }
+
+  &-line {
+    background-color: #39f;
+
+    &.line-e {
+      cursor: ew-resize;
+      right: -3px;
+      top: 0;
+      width: 5px;
+    }
+
+    &.line-n {
+      cursor: ns-resize;
+      height: 5px;
+      left: 0;
+      top: -3px;
+    }
+
+    &.line-w {
+      cursor: ew-resize;
+      left: -3px;
+      top: 0;
+      width: 5px;
+    }
+
+    &.line-s {
+      bottom: -3px;
+      cursor: ns-resize;
+      height: 5px;
+      left: 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  &-point {
+    background-color: #39f;
+    height: 5px;
+    opacity: 0.75;
+    width: 5px;
+
+    &.point-e {
+      cursor: ew-resize;
+      margin-top: -3px;
+      right: -3px;
+      top: 50%;
+    }
+
+    &.point-n {
+      cursor: ns-resize;
+      left: 50%;
+      margin-left: -3px;
+      top: -3px;
+    }
+
+    &.point-w {
+      cursor: ew-resize;
+      left: -3px;
+      margin-top: -3px;
+      top: 50%;
+    }
+
+    &.point-s {
+      bottom: -3px;
+      cursor: s-resize;
+      left: 50%;
+      margin-left: -3px;
+    }
+
+    &.point-ne {
+      cursor: nesw-resize;
+      right: -3px;
+      top: -3px;
+    }
+
+    &.point-nw {
+      cursor: nwse-resize;
+      left: -3px;
+      top: -3px;
+    }
+
+    &.point-sw {
+      bottom: -3px;
+      cursor: nesw-resize;
+      left: -3px;
+    }
+
+    &.point-se {
+      bottom: -3px;
+      cursor: nwse-resize;
+      height: 20px;
+      opacity: 1;
+      right: -3px;
+      width: 20px;
+
+      @media (min-width: 768px) {
+        height: 15px;
+        width: 15px;
+      }
+
+      @media (min-width: 992px) {
+        height: 10px;
+        width: 10px;
+      }
+
+      @media (min-width: 1200px) {
+        height: 5px;
+        opacity: 0.75;
+        width: 5px;
+      }
+    }
+
+    &.point-se::before {
+      background-color: #39f;
+      bottom: -50%;
+      content: ' ';
+      display: block;
+      height: 200%;
+      opacity: 0;
+      position: absolute;
+      right: -50%;
+      width: 200%;
+    }
+  }
+
+  &-invisible {
+    opacity: 0;
+  }
+
+  &-bg {
+    background-image: url('../images/bg.png');
+  }
+
+  &-hide {
+    display: block;
+    height: 0;
+    position: absolute;
+    width: 0;
+  }
+
+  &-hidden {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+
+  &-move {
+    cursor: move;
+  }
+
+  &-crop {
+    cursor: crosshair;
+  }
+
+  &-disabled &-drag-box,
+  &-disabled &-face,
+  &-disabled &-line,
+  &-disabled &-point {
+    cursor: not-allowed;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/index.css b/library/cropperjs/src/index.css
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac94e343e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/index.css
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+@import './css/cropper.css';
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/index.js b/library/cropperjs/src/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ac940610f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import Cropper from './js/cropper';
+
+export default Cropper;
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/index.scss b/library/cropperjs/src/index.scss
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..90695c59a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/index.scss
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+@import './css/cropper.scss';
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/change.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/change.js
index 014222ef0..c0ddf27ee 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/change.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/change.js
@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ import {
   CLASS_HIDDEN,
 } from './constants';
 import {
-  each,
+  forEach,
   getMaxZoomRatio,
   getOffset,
   removeClass,
 } from './utilities';
 
 export default {
-  change(e) {
+  change(event) {
     const {
       options,
       canvasData,
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export default {
     let offset;
 
     // Locking aspect ratio in "free mode" by holding shift key
-    if (!aspectRatio && e.shiftKey) {
+    if (!aspectRatio && event.shiftKey) {
       aspectRatio = width && height ? width / height : 1;
     }
 
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ export default {
 
       // Resize crop box
       case ACTION_EAST:
-        if (range.x >= 0 && (right >= maxWidth || (aspectRatio &&
-          (top <= minTop || bottom >= maxHeight)))) {
+        if (range.x >= 0 && (right >= maxWidth || (aspectRatio
+          && (top <= minTop || bottom >= maxHeight)))) {
           renderable = false;
           break;
         }
@@ -122,21 +122,22 @@ export default {
         check(ACTION_EAST);
         width += range.x;
 
-        if (aspectRatio) {
-          height = width / aspectRatio;
-          top -= (range.x / aspectRatio) / 2;
-        }
-
         if (width < 0) {
           action = ACTION_WEST;
-          width = 0;
+          width = -width;
+          left -= width;
+        }
+
+        if (aspectRatio) {
+          height = width / aspectRatio;
+          top += (cropBoxData.height - height) / 2;
         }
 
         break;
 
       case ACTION_NORTH:
-        if (range.y <= 0 && (top <= minTop || (aspectRatio &&
-          (left <= minLeft || right >= maxWidth)))) {
+        if (range.y <= 0 && (top <= minTop || (aspectRatio
+          && (left <= minLeft || right >= maxWidth)))) {
           renderable = false;
           break;
         }
@@ -145,21 +146,22 @@ export default {
         height -= range.y;
         top += range.y;
 
-        if (aspectRatio) {
-          width = height * aspectRatio;
-          left += (range.y * aspectRatio) / 2;
-        }
-
         if (height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_SOUTH;
-          height = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          top -= height;
+        }
+
+        if (aspectRatio) {
+          width = height * aspectRatio;
+          left += (cropBoxData.width - width) / 2;
         }
 
         break;
 
       case ACTION_WEST:
-        if (range.x <= 0 && (left <= minLeft || (aspectRatio &&
-          (top <= minTop || bottom >= maxHeight)))) {
+        if (range.x <= 0 && (left <= minLeft || (aspectRatio
+          && (top <= minTop || bottom >= maxHeight)))) {
           renderable = false;
           break;
         }
@@ -168,21 +170,22 @@ export default {
         width -= range.x;
         left += range.x;
 
-        if (aspectRatio) {
-          height = width / aspectRatio;
-          top += (range.x / aspectRatio) / 2;
-        }
-
         if (width < 0) {
           action = ACTION_EAST;
-          width = 0;
+          width = -width;
+          left -= width;
+        }
+
+        if (aspectRatio) {
+          height = width / aspectRatio;
+          top += (cropBoxData.height - height) / 2;
         }
 
         break;
 
       case ACTION_SOUTH:
-        if (range.y >= 0 && (bottom >= maxHeight || (aspectRatio &&
-          (left <= minLeft || right >= maxWidth)))) {
+        if (range.y >= 0 && (bottom >= maxHeight || (aspectRatio
+          && (left <= minLeft || right >= maxWidth)))) {
           renderable = false;
           break;
         }
@@ -190,14 +193,15 @@ export default {
         check(ACTION_SOUTH);
         height += range.y;
 
-        if (aspectRatio) {
-          width = height * aspectRatio;
-          left -= (range.y * aspectRatio) / 2;
-        }
-
         if (height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_NORTH;
-          height = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          top -= height;
+        }
+
+        if (aspectRatio) {
+          width = height * aspectRatio;
+          left += (cropBoxData.width - width) / 2;
         }
 
         break;
@@ -240,14 +244,18 @@ export default {
 
         if (width < 0 && height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_SOUTH_WEST;
-          height = 0;
-          width = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          width = -width;
+          top -= height;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (width < 0) {
           action = ACTION_NORTH_WEST;
-          width = 0;
+          width = -width;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_SOUTH_EAST;
-          height = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          top -= height;
         }
 
         break;
@@ -263,7 +271,7 @@ export default {
           height -= range.y;
           top += range.y;
           width = height * aspectRatio;
-          left += range.y * aspectRatio;
+          left += cropBoxData.width - width;
         } else {
           check(ACTION_NORTH);
           check(ACTION_WEST);
@@ -293,14 +301,18 @@ export default {
 
         if (width < 0 && height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_SOUTH_EAST;
-          height = 0;
-          width = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          width = -width;
+          top -= height;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (width < 0) {
           action = ACTION_NORTH_EAST;
-          width = 0;
+          width = -width;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_SOUTH_WEST;
-          height = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          top -= height;
         }
 
         break;
@@ -343,14 +355,18 @@ export default {
 
         if (width < 0 && height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_NORTH_EAST;
-          height = 0;
-          width = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          width = -width;
+          top -= height;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (width < 0) {
           action = ACTION_SOUTH_EAST;
-          width = 0;
+          width = -width;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_NORTH_WEST;
-          height = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          top -= height;
         }
 
         break;
@@ -390,14 +406,18 @@ export default {
 
         if (width < 0 && height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_NORTH_WEST;
-          height = 0;
-          width = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          width = -width;
+          top -= height;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (width < 0) {
           action = ACTION_SOUTH_WEST;
-          width = 0;
+          width = -width;
+          left -= width;
         } else if (height < 0) {
           action = ACTION_NORTH_EAST;
-          height = 0;
+          height = -height;
+          top -= height;
         }
 
         break;
@@ -410,7 +430,7 @@ export default {
 
       // Zoom canvas
       case ACTION_ZOOM:
-        this.zoom(getMaxZoomRatio(pointers), e);
+        this.zoom(getMaxZoomRatio(pointers), event);
         renderable = false;
         break;
 
@@ -463,7 +483,7 @@ export default {
     }
 
     // Override
-    each(pointers, (p) => {
+    forEach(pointers, (p) => {
       p.startX = p.endX;
       p.startY = p.endY;
     });
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/constants.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/constants.js
index c675d4d1c..015fcbcdd 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/constants.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/constants.js
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-export const WINDOW = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : {};
+export const IS_BROWSER = typeof window !== 'undefined' && typeof window.document !== 'undefined';
+export const WINDOW = IS_BROWSER ? window : {};
+export const IS_TOUCH_DEVICE = IS_BROWSER ? 'ontouchstart' in WINDOW.document.documentElement : false;
+export const HAS_POINTER_EVENT = IS_BROWSER ? 'PointerEvent' in WINDOW : false;
 export const NAMESPACE = 'cropper';
 
 // Actions
@@ -25,8 +28,8 @@ export const CLASS_MODAL = `${NAMESPACE}-modal`;
 export const CLASS_MOVE = `${NAMESPACE}-move`;
 
 // Data keys
-export const DATA_ACTION = 'action';
-export const DATA_PREVIEW = 'preview';
+export const DATA_ACTION = `${NAMESPACE}Action`;
+export const DATA_PREVIEW = `${NAMESPACE}Preview`;
 
 // Drag modes
 export const DRAG_MODE_CROP = 'crop';
@@ -39,18 +42,27 @@ export const EVENT_CROP_END = 'cropend';
 export const EVENT_CROP_MOVE = 'cropmove';
 export const EVENT_CROP_START = 'cropstart';
 export const EVENT_DBLCLICK = 'dblclick';
-export const EVENT_ERROR = 'error';
-export const EVENT_LOAD = 'load';
-export const EVENT_POINTER_DOWN = WINDOW.PointerEvent ? 'pointerdown' : 'touchstart mousedown';
-export const EVENT_POINTER_MOVE = WINDOW.PointerEvent ? 'pointermove' : 'touchmove mousemove';
-export const EVENT_POINTER_UP = WINDOW.PointerEvent ? 'pointerup pointercancel' : 'touchend touchcancel mouseup';
+export const EVENT_TOUCH_START = IS_TOUCH_DEVICE ? 'touchstart' : 'mousedown';
+export const EVENT_TOUCH_MOVE = IS_TOUCH_DEVICE ? 'touchmove' : 'mousemove';
+export const EVENT_TOUCH_END = IS_TOUCH_DEVICE ? 'touchend touchcancel' : 'mouseup';
+export const EVENT_POINTER_DOWN = HAS_POINTER_EVENT ? 'pointerdown' : EVENT_TOUCH_START;
+export const EVENT_POINTER_MOVE = HAS_POINTER_EVENT ? 'pointermove' : EVENT_TOUCH_MOVE;
+export const EVENT_POINTER_UP = HAS_POINTER_EVENT ? 'pointerup pointercancel' : EVENT_TOUCH_END;
 export const EVENT_READY = 'ready';
 export const EVENT_RESIZE = 'resize';
-export const EVENT_WHEEL = 'wheel mousewheel DOMMouseScroll';
+export const EVENT_WHEEL = 'wheel';
 export const EVENT_ZOOM = 'zoom';
 
+// Mime types
+export const MIME_TYPE_JPEG = 'image/jpeg';
+
 // RegExps
-export const REGEXP_ACTIONS = /^(?:e|w|s|n|se|sw|ne|nw|all|crop|move|zoom)$/;
+export const REGEXP_ACTIONS = /^e|w|s|n|se|sw|ne|nw|all|crop|move|zoom$/;
 export const REGEXP_DATA_URL = /^data:/;
 export const REGEXP_DATA_URL_JPEG = /^data:image\/jpeg;base64,/;
-export const REGEXP_TAG_NAME = /^(?:img|canvas)$/i;
+export const REGEXP_TAG_NAME = /^img|canvas$/i;
+
+// Misc
+// Inspired by the default width and height of a canvas element.
+export const MIN_CONTAINER_WIDTH = 200;
+export const MIN_CONTAINER_HEIGHT = 100;
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/cropper.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/cropper.js
index 97f3511df..24bf81426 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/cropper.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/cropper.js
@@ -11,13 +11,10 @@ import {
   CLASS_HIDDEN,
   CLASS_HIDE,
   CLASS_INVISIBLE,
-  CLASS_MODAL,
   CLASS_MOVE,
   DATA_ACTION,
-  EVENT_CROP,
-  EVENT_ERROR,
-  EVENT_LOAD,
   EVENT_READY,
+  MIME_TYPE_JPEG,
   NAMESPACE,
   REGEXP_DATA_URL,
   REGEXP_DATA_URL_JPEG,
@@ -29,19 +26,15 @@ import {
   addListener,
   addTimestamp,
   arrayBufferToDataURL,
+  assign,
   dataURLToArrayBuffer,
   dispatchEvent,
-  extend,
-  getData,
-  getImageNaturalSizes,
-  getOrientation,
   isCrossOriginURL,
   isFunction,
   isPlainObject,
   parseOrientation,
-  proxy,
   removeClass,
-  removeListener,
+  resetAndGetOrientation,
   setData,
 } from './utilities';
 
@@ -59,21 +52,15 @@ class Cropper {
     }
 
     this.element = element;
-    this.options = extend({}, DEFAULTS, isPlainObject(options) && options);
-    this.complete = false;
+    this.options = assign({}, DEFAULTS, isPlainObject(options) && options);
     this.cropped = false;
     this.disabled = false;
-    this.isImg = false;
-    this.limited = false;
-    this.loaded = false;
+    this.pointers = {};
     this.ready = false;
+    this.reloading = false;
     this.replaced = false;
-    this.wheeling = false;
-    this.originalUrl = '';
-    this.canvasData = null;
-    this.cropBoxData = null;
-    this.previews = null;
-    this.pointers = {};
+    this.sized = false;
+    this.sizing = false;
     this.init();
   }
 
@@ -82,11 +69,11 @@ class Cropper {
     const tagName = element.tagName.toLowerCase();
     let url;
 
-    if (getData(element, NAMESPACE)) {
+    if (element[NAMESPACE]) {
       return;
     }
 
-    setData(element, NAMESPACE, this);
+    element[NAMESPACE] = this;
 
     if (tagName === 'img') {
       this.isImg = true;
@@ -119,38 +106,68 @@ class Cropper {
 
     const { element, options } = this;
 
+    if (!options.rotatable && !options.scalable) {
+      options.checkOrientation = false;
+    }
+
+    // Only IE10+ supports Typed Arrays
     if (!options.checkOrientation || !window.ArrayBuffer) {
       this.clone();
       return;
     }
 
-    // XMLHttpRequest disallows to open a Data URL in some browsers like IE11 and Safari
+    // Detect the mime type of the image directly if it is a Data URL
     if (REGEXP_DATA_URL.test(url)) {
+      // Read ArrayBuffer from Data URL of JPEG images directly for better performance
       if (REGEXP_DATA_URL_JPEG.test(url)) {
         this.read(dataURLToArrayBuffer(url));
       } else {
+        // Only a JPEG image may contains Exif Orientation information,
+        // the rest types of Data URLs are not necessary to check orientation at all.
         this.clone();
       }
 
       return;
     }
 
+    // 1. Detect the mime type of the image by a XMLHttpRequest.
+    // 2. Load the image as ArrayBuffer for reading orientation if its a JPEG image.
     const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
-
-    xhr.onerror = () => {
-      this.clone();
+    const clone = this.clone.bind(this);
+
+    this.reloading = true;
+    this.xhr = xhr;
+
+    // 1. Cross origin requests are only supported for protocol schemes:
+    // http, https, data, chrome, chrome-extension.
+    // 2. Access to XMLHttpRequest from a Data URL will be blocked by CORS policy
+    // in some browsers as IE11 and Safari.
+    xhr.onabort = clone;
+    xhr.onerror = clone;
+    xhr.ontimeout = clone;
+
+    xhr.onprogress = () => {
+      // Abort the request directly if it not a JPEG image for better performance
+      if (xhr.getResponseHeader('content-type') !== MIME_TYPE_JPEG) {
+        xhr.abort();
+      }
     };
 
     xhr.onload = () => {
       this.read(xhr.response);
     };
 
-    // Bust cache when there is a "crossOrigin" property
+    xhr.onloadend = () => {
+      this.reloading = false;
+      this.xhr = null;
+    };
+
+    // Bust cache when there is a "crossOrigin" property to avoid browser cache error
     if (options.checkCrossOrigin && isCrossOriginURL(url) && element.crossOrigin) {
       url = addTimestamp(url);
     }
 
-    xhr.open('get', url);
+    xhr.open('GET', url);
     xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
     xhr.withCredentials = element.crossOrigin === 'use-credentials';
     xhr.send();
@@ -158,13 +175,17 @@ class Cropper {
 
   read(arrayBuffer) {
     const { options, imageData } = this;
-    const orientation = getOrientation(arrayBuffer);
+
+    // Reset the orientation value to its default value 1
+    // as some iOS browsers will render image with its orientation
+    const orientation = resetAndGetOrientation(arrayBuffer);
     let rotate = 0;
     let scaleX = 1;
     let scaleY = 1;
 
     if (orientation > 1) {
-      this.url = arrayBufferToDataURL(arrayBuffer, 'image/jpeg');
+      // Generate a new URL which has the default orientation value
+      this.url = arrayBufferToDataURL(arrayBuffer, MIME_TYPE_JPEG);
       ({ rotate, scaleX, scaleY } = parseOrientation(orientation));
     }
 
@@ -182,20 +203,16 @@ class Cropper {
 
   clone() {
     const { element, url } = this;
-    let crossOrigin;
-    let crossOriginUrl;
+    let { crossOrigin } = element;
+    let crossOriginUrl = url;
 
     if (this.options.checkCrossOrigin && isCrossOriginURL(url)) {
-      ({ crossOrigin } = element);
-
-      if (crossOrigin) {
-        crossOriginUrl = url;
-      } else {
+      if (!crossOrigin) {
         crossOrigin = 'anonymous';
-
-        // Bust cache when there is not a "crossOrigin" property
-        crossOriginUrl = addTimestamp(url);
       }
+
+      // Bust cache when there is not a "crossOrigin" property (#519)
+      crossOriginUrl = addTimestamp(url);
     }
 
     this.crossOrigin = crossOrigin;
@@ -208,66 +225,88 @@ class Cropper {
     }
 
     image.src = crossOriginUrl || url;
-
-    const start = proxy(this.start, this);
-    const stop = proxy(this.stop, this);
-
+    image.alt = element.alt || 'The image to crop';
     this.image = image;
-    this.onStart = start;
-    this.onStop = stop;
-
-    if (this.isImg) {
-      if (element.complete) {
-        this.start();
-      } else {
-        addListener(element, EVENT_LOAD, start);
-      }
-    } else {
-      addListener(image, EVENT_LOAD, start);
-      addListener(image, EVENT_ERROR, stop);
-      addClass(image, CLASS_HIDE);
-      element.parentNode.insertBefore(image, element.nextSibling);
-    }
+    image.onload = this.start.bind(this);
+    image.onerror = this.stop.bind(this);
+    addClass(image, CLASS_HIDE);
+    element.parentNode.insertBefore(image, element.nextSibling);
   }
 
-  start(event) {
-    const image = this.isImg ? this.element : this.image;
+  start() {
+    const { image } = this;
 
-    if (event) {
-      removeListener(image, EVENT_LOAD, this.onStart);
-      removeListener(image, EVENT_ERROR, this.onStop);
-    }
+    image.onload = null;
+    image.onerror = null;
+    this.sizing = true;
 
-    getImageNaturalSizes(image, (naturalWidth, naturalHeight) => {
-      extend(this.imageData, {
+    // Match all browsers that use WebKit as the layout engine in iOS devices,
+    // such as Safari for iOS, Chrome for iOS, and in-app browsers.
+    const isIOSWebKit = WINDOW.navigator && /(?:iPad|iPhone|iPod).*?AppleWebKit/i.test(WINDOW.navigator.userAgent);
+    const done = (naturalWidth, naturalHeight) => {
+      assign(this.imageData, {
         naturalWidth,
         naturalHeight,
         aspectRatio: naturalWidth / naturalHeight,
       });
-      this.loaded = true;
+      this.sizing = false;
+      this.sized = true;
       this.build();
-    });
+    };
+
+    // Most modern browsers (excepts iOS WebKit)
+    if (image.naturalWidth && !isIOSWebKit) {
+      done(image.naturalWidth, image.naturalHeight);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const sizingImage = document.createElement('img');
+    const body = document.body || document.documentElement;
+
+    this.sizingImage = sizingImage;
+
+    sizingImage.onload = () => {
+      done(sizingImage.width, sizingImage.height);
+
+      if (!isIOSWebKit) {
+        body.removeChild(sizingImage);
+      }
+    };
+
+    sizingImage.src = image.src;
+
+    // iOS WebKit will convert the image automatically
+    // with its orientation once append it into DOM (#279)
+    if (!isIOSWebKit) {
+      sizingImage.style.cssText = (
+        'left:0;'
+        + 'max-height:none!important;'
+        + 'max-width:none!important;'
+        + 'min-height:0!important;'
+        + 'min-width:0!important;'
+        + 'opacity:0;'
+        + 'position:absolute;'
+        + 'top:0;'
+        + 'z-index:-1;'
+      );
+      body.appendChild(sizingImage);
+    }
   }
 
   stop() {
     const { image } = this;
 
-    removeListener(image, EVENT_LOAD, this.onStart);
-    removeListener(image, EVENT_ERROR, this.onStop);
+    image.onload = null;
+    image.onerror = null;
     image.parentNode.removeChild(image);
     this.image = null;
   }
 
   build() {
-    if (!this.loaded) {
+    if (!this.sized || this.ready) {
       return;
     }
 
-    // Unbuild first when replace
-    if (this.ready) {
-      this.unbuild();
-    }
-
     const { element, options, image } = this;
 
     // Create cropper elements
@@ -306,18 +345,11 @@ class Cropper {
     this.initPreview();
     this.bind();
 
+    options.initialAspectRatio = Math.max(0, options.initialAspectRatio) || NaN;
     options.aspectRatio = Math.max(0, options.aspectRatio) || NaN;
     options.viewMode = Math.max(0, Math.min(3, Math.round(options.viewMode))) || 0;
 
-    this.cropped = options.autoCrop;
-
-    if (options.autoCrop) {
-      if (options.modal) {
-        addClass(dragBox, CLASS_MODAL);
-      }
-    } else {
-      addClass(cropBox, CLASS_HIDDEN);
-    }
+    addClass(cropBox, CLASS_HIDDEN);
 
     if (!options.guides) {
       addClass(cropBox.getElementsByClassName(`${NAMESPACE}-dashed`), CLASS_HIDDEN);
@@ -345,24 +377,23 @@ class Cropper {
       addClass(cropBox.getElementsByClassName(`${NAMESPACE}-point`), CLASS_HIDDEN);
     }
 
-    this.setDragMode(options.dragMode);
     this.render();
     this.ready = true;
-    this.setData(options.data);
+    this.setDragMode(options.dragMode);
 
-    // Call the "ready" option asynchronously to keep "image.cropper" is defined
-    this.completing = setTimeout(() => {
-      if (isFunction(options.ready)) {
-        addListener(element, EVENT_READY, options.ready, {
-          once: true,
-        });
-      }
+    if (options.autoCrop) {
+      this.crop();
+    }
+
+    this.setData(options.data);
 
-      dispatchEvent(element, EVENT_READY);
-      dispatchEvent(element, EVENT_CROP, this.getData());
+    if (isFunction(options.ready)) {
+      addListener(element, EVENT_READY, options.ready, {
+        once: true,
+      });
+    }
 
-      this.complete = true;
-    }, 0);
+    dispatchEvent(element, EVENT_READY);
   }
 
   unbuild() {
@@ -370,32 +401,28 @@ class Cropper {
       return;
     }
 
-    if (!this.complete) {
-      clearTimeout(this.completing);
-    }
-
     this.ready = false;
-    this.complete = false;
-    this.initialImageData = null;
-
-    // Clear `initialCanvasData` is necessary when replace
-    this.initialCanvasData = null;
-    this.initialCropBoxData = null;
-    this.containerData = null;
-    this.canvasData = null;
-
-    // Clear `cropBoxData` is necessary when replace
-    this.cropBoxData = null;
     this.unbind();
     this.resetPreview();
-    this.previews = null;
-    this.viewBox = null;
-    this.cropBox = null;
-    this.dragBox = null;
-    this.canvas = null;
-    this.container = null;
     this.cropper.parentNode.removeChild(this.cropper);
-    this.cropper = null;
+    removeClass(this.element, CLASS_HIDDEN);
+  }
+
+  uncreate() {
+    if (this.ready) {
+      this.unbuild();
+      this.ready = false;
+      this.cropped = false;
+    } else if (this.sizing) {
+      this.sizingImage.onload = null;
+      this.sizing = false;
+      this.sized = false;
+    } else if (this.reloading) {
+      this.xhr.onabort = null;
+      this.xhr.abort();
+    } else if (this.image) {
+      this.stop();
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -412,10 +439,10 @@ class Cropper {
    * @param {Object} options - The new default options.
    */
   static setDefaults(options) {
-    extend(DEFAULTS, isPlainObject(options) && options);
+    assign(DEFAULTS, isPlainObject(options) && options);
   }
 }
 
-extend(Cropper.prototype, render, preview, events, handlers, change, methods);
+assign(Cropper.prototype, render, preview, events, handlers, change, methods);
 
 export default Cropper;
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/defaults.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/defaults.js
index aa469e73a..ce6ab9698 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/defaults.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/defaults.js
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  DRAG_MODE_CROP,
-} from './constants';
+import { DRAG_MODE_CROP } from './constants';
 
 export default {
   // Define the view mode of the cropper
@@ -9,6 +7,9 @@ export default {
   // Define the dragging mode of the cropper
   dragMode: DRAG_MODE_CROP, // 'crop', 'move' or 'none'
 
+  // Define the initial aspect ratio of the crop box
+  initialAspectRatio: NaN,
+
   // Define the aspect ratio of the crop box
   aspectRatio: NaN,
 
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/events.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/events.js
index 3753db022..e46888704 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/events.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/events.js
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import {
 import {
   addListener,
   isFunction,
-  proxy,
   removeListener,
 } from './utilities';
 
@@ -42,29 +41,32 @@ export default {
       addListener(element, EVENT_ZOOM, options.zoom);
     }
 
-    addListener(cropper, EVENT_POINTER_DOWN, (this.onCropStart = proxy(this.cropStart, this)));
+    addListener(cropper, EVENT_POINTER_DOWN, (this.onCropStart = this.cropStart.bind(this)));
 
     if (options.zoomable && options.zoomOnWheel) {
-      addListener(cropper, EVENT_WHEEL, (this.onWheel = proxy(this.wheel, this)));
+      addListener(cropper, EVENT_WHEEL, (this.onWheel = this.wheel.bind(this)), {
+        passive: false,
+        capture: true,
+      });
     }
 
     if (options.toggleDragModeOnDblclick) {
-      addListener(cropper, EVENT_DBLCLICK, (this.onDblclick = proxy(this.dblclick, this)));
+      addListener(cropper, EVENT_DBLCLICK, (this.onDblclick = this.dblclick.bind(this)));
     }
 
     addListener(
       element.ownerDocument,
       EVENT_POINTER_MOVE,
-      (this.onCropMove = proxy(this.cropMove, this)),
+      (this.onCropMove = this.cropMove.bind(this)),
     );
     addListener(
       element.ownerDocument,
       EVENT_POINTER_UP,
-      (this.onCropEnd = proxy(this.cropEnd, this)),
+      (this.onCropEnd = this.cropEnd.bind(this)),
     );
 
     if (options.responsive) {
-      addListener(window, EVENT_RESIZE, (this.onResize = proxy(this.resize, this)));
+      addListener(window, EVENT_RESIZE, (this.onResize = this.resize.bind(this)));
     }
   },
 
@@ -94,7 +96,10 @@ export default {
     removeListener(cropper, EVENT_POINTER_DOWN, this.onCropStart);
 
     if (options.zoomable && options.zoomOnWheel) {
-      removeListener(cropper, EVENT_WHEEL, this.onWheel);
+      removeListener(cropper, EVENT_WHEEL, this.onWheel, {
+        passive: false,
+        capture: true,
+      });
     }
 
     if (options.toggleDragModeOnDblclick) {
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/handlers.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/handlers.js
index 7b7b2469a..43f999767 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/handlers.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/handlers.js
@@ -10,27 +10,30 @@ import {
   EVENT_CROP_END,
   EVENT_CROP_MOVE,
   EVENT_CROP_START,
+  MIN_CONTAINER_WIDTH,
+  MIN_CONTAINER_HEIGHT,
   REGEXP_ACTIONS,
 } from './constants';
 import {
   addClass,
+  assign,
   dispatchEvent,
-  each,
-  extend,
+  forEach,
   getData,
   getPointer,
   hasClass,
+  isNumber,
   toggleClass,
 } from './utilities';
 
 export default {
   resize() {
     const { options, container, containerData } = this;
-    const minContainerWidth = Number(options.minContainerWidth) || 200;
-    const minContainerHeight = Number(options.minContainerHeight) || 100;
+    const minContainerWidth = Number(options.minContainerWidth) || MIN_CONTAINER_WIDTH;
+    const minContainerHeight = Number(options.minContainerHeight) || MIN_CONTAINER_HEIGHT;
 
-    if (this.disabled || containerData.width <= minContainerWidth ||
-      containerData.height <= minContainerHeight) {
+    if (this.disabled || containerData.width <= minContainerWidth
+      || containerData.height <= minContainerHeight) {
       return;
     }
 
@@ -49,10 +52,10 @@ export default {
       this.render();
 
       if (options.restore) {
-        this.setCanvasData(each(canvasData, (n, i) => {
+        this.setCanvasData(forEach(canvasData, (n, i) => {
           canvasData[i] = n * ratio;
         }));
-        this.setCropBoxData(each(cropBoxData, (n, i) => {
+        this.setCropBoxData(forEach(cropBoxData, (n, i) => {
           cropBoxData[i] = n * ratio;
         }));
       }
@@ -67,7 +70,7 @@ export default {
     this.setDragMode(hasClass(this.dragBox, CLASS_CROP) ? DRAG_MODE_MOVE : DRAG_MODE_CROP);
   },
 
-  wheel(e) {
+  wheel(event) {
     const ratio = Number(this.options.wheelZoomRatio) || 0.1;
     let delta = 1;
 
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ export default {
       return;
     }
 
-    e.preventDefault();
+    event.preventDefault();
 
     // Limit wheel speed to prevent zoom too fast (#21)
     if (this.wheeling) {
@@ -88,39 +91,56 @@ export default {
       this.wheeling = false;
     }, 50);
 
-    if (e.deltaY) {
-      delta = e.deltaY > 0 ? 1 : -1;
-    } else if (e.wheelDelta) {
-      delta = -e.wheelDelta / 120;
-    } else if (e.detail) {
-      delta = e.detail > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+    if (event.deltaY) {
+      delta = event.deltaY > 0 ? 1 : -1;
+    } else if (event.wheelDelta) {
+      delta = -event.wheelDelta / 120;
+    } else if (event.detail) {
+      delta = event.detail > 0 ? 1 : -1;
     }
 
-    this.zoom(-delta * ratio, e);
+    this.zoom(-delta * ratio, event);
   },
 
-  cropStart(e) {
-    if (this.disabled) {
+  cropStart(event) {
+    const { buttons, button } = event;
+
+    if (
+      this.disabled
+
+      // Handle mouse event and pointer event and ignore touch event
+      || ((
+        event.type === 'mousedown'
+        || (event.type === 'pointerdown' && event.pointerType === 'mouse')
+      ) && (
+        // No primary button (Usually the left button)
+        (isNumber(buttons) && buttons !== 1)
+        || (isNumber(button) && button !== 0)
+
+        // Open context menu
+        || event.ctrlKey
+      ))
+    ) {
       return;
     }
 
     const { options, pointers } = this;
     let action;
 
-    if (e.changedTouches) {
+    if (event.changedTouches) {
       // Handle touch event
-      each(e.changedTouches, (touch) => {
+      forEach(event.changedTouches, (touch) => {
         pointers[touch.identifier] = getPointer(touch);
       });
     } else {
       // Handle mouse event and pointer event
-      pointers[e.pointerId || 0] = getPointer(e);
+      pointers[event.pointerId || 0] = getPointer(event);
     }
 
     if (Object.keys(pointers).length > 1 && options.zoomable && options.zoomOnTouch) {
       action = ACTION_ZOOM;
     } else {
-      action = getData(e.target, DATA_ACTION);
+      action = getData(event.target, DATA_ACTION);
     }
 
     if (!REGEXP_ACTIONS.test(action)) {
@@ -128,13 +148,14 @@ export default {
     }
 
     if (dispatchEvent(this.element, EVENT_CROP_START, {
-      originalEvent: e,
+      originalEvent: event,
       action,
     }) === false) {
       return;
     }
 
-    e.preventDefault();
+    // This line is required for preventing page zooming in iOS browsers
+    event.preventDefault();
 
     this.action = action;
     this.cropping = false;
@@ -145,7 +166,7 @@ export default {
     }
   },
 
-  cropMove(e) {
+  cropMove(event) {
     const { action } = this;
 
     if (this.disabled || !action) {
@@ -154,46 +175,47 @@ export default {
 
     const { pointers } = this;
 
-    e.preventDefault();
+    event.preventDefault();
 
     if (dispatchEvent(this.element, EVENT_CROP_MOVE, {
-      originalEvent: e,
+      originalEvent: event,
       action,
     }) === false) {
       return;
     }
 
-    if (e.changedTouches) {
-      each(e.changedTouches, (touch) => {
-        extend(pointers[touch.identifier], getPointer(touch, true));
+    if (event.changedTouches) {
+      forEach(event.changedTouches, (touch) => {
+        // The first parameter should not be undefined (#432)
+        assign(pointers[touch.identifier] || {}, getPointer(touch, true));
       });
     } else {
-      extend(pointers[e.pointerId || 0], getPointer(e, true));
+      assign(pointers[event.pointerId || 0] || {}, getPointer(event, true));
     }
 
-    this.change(e);
+    this.change(event);
   },
 
-  cropEnd(e) {
+  cropEnd(event) {
     if (this.disabled) {
       return;
     }
 
     const { action, pointers } = this;
 
-    if (e.changedTouches) {
-      each(e.changedTouches, (touch) => {
+    if (event.changedTouches) {
+      forEach(event.changedTouches, (touch) => {
         delete pointers[touch.identifier];
       });
     } else {
-      delete pointers[e.pointerId || 0];
+      delete pointers[event.pointerId || 0];
     }
 
     if (!action) {
       return;
     }
 
-    e.preventDefault();
+    event.preventDefault();
 
     if (!Object.keys(pointers).length) {
       this.action = '';
@@ -205,7 +227,7 @@ export default {
     }
 
     dispatchEvent(this.element, EVENT_CROP_END, {
-      originalEvent: e,
+      originalEvent: event,
       action,
     });
   },
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/methods.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/methods.js
index 3627d2bd1..574ac2a71 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/methods.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/methods.js
@@ -8,27 +8,23 @@ import {
   DRAG_MODE_CROP,
   DRAG_MODE_MOVE,
   DRAG_MODE_NONE,
-  EVENT_LOAD,
   EVENT_ZOOM,
   NAMESPACE,
 } from './constants';
 import {
   addClass,
+  assign,
   dispatchEvent,
-  each,
-  extend,
+  forEach,
   getAdjustedSizes,
   getOffset,
   getPointersCenter,
   getSourceCanvas,
-  isFunction,
   isNumber,
   isPlainObject,
   isUndefined,
   normalizeDecimalNumber,
   removeClass,
-  removeData,
-  removeListener,
   setData,
   toggleClass,
 } from './utilities';
@@ -36,18 +32,15 @@ import {
 export default {
   // Show the crop box manually
   crop() {
-    if (this.ready && !this.disabled) {
-      if (!this.cropped) {
-        this.cropped = true;
-        this.limitCropBox(true, true);
-
-        if (this.options.modal) {
-          addClass(this.dragBox, CLASS_MODAL);
-        }
+    if (this.ready && !this.cropped && !this.disabled) {
+      this.cropped = true;
+      this.limitCropBox(true, true);
 
-        removeClass(this.cropBox, CLASS_HIDDEN);
+      if (this.options.modal) {
+        addClass(this.dragBox, CLASS_MODAL);
       }
 
+      removeClass(this.cropBox, CLASS_HIDDEN);
       this.setCropBoxData(this.initialCropBoxData);
     }
 
@@ -57,9 +50,9 @@ export default {
   // Reset the image and crop box to their initial states
   reset() {
     if (this.ready && !this.disabled) {
-      this.imageData = extend({}, this.initialImageData);
-      this.canvasData = extend({}, this.initialCanvasData);
-      this.cropBoxData = extend({}, this.initialCropBoxData);
+      this.imageData = assign({}, this.initialImageData);
+      this.canvasData = assign({}, this.initialCanvasData);
+      this.cropBoxData = assign({}, this.initialCropBoxData);
       this.renderCanvas();
 
       if (this.cropped) {
@@ -73,7 +66,7 @@ export default {
   // Clear the crop box
   clear() {
     if (this.cropped && !this.disabled) {
-      extend(this.cropBoxData, {
+      assign(this.cropBoxData, {
         left: 0,
         top: 0,
         width: 0,
@@ -96,23 +89,23 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Replace the image's src and rebuild the cropper
    * @param {string} url - The new URL.
-   * @param {boolean} [onlyColorChanged] - Indicate if the new image only changed color.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @param {boolean} [hasSameSize] - Indicate if the new image has the same size as the old one.
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
-  replace(url, onlyColorChanged = false) {
+  replace(url, hasSameSize = false) {
     if (!this.disabled && url) {
       if (this.isImg) {
         this.element.src = url;
       }
 
-      if (onlyColorChanged) {
+      if (hasSameSize) {
         this.url = url;
         this.image.src = url;
 
         if (this.ready) {
-          this.image2.src = url;
+          this.viewBoxImage.src = url;
 
-          each(this.previews, (element) => {
+          forEach(this.previews, (element) => {
             element.getElementsByTagName('img')[0].src = url;
           });
         }
@@ -121,8 +114,8 @@ export default {
           this.replaced = true;
         }
 
-        // Clear previous data
         this.options.data = null;
+        this.uncreate();
         this.load(url);
       }
     }
@@ -132,7 +125,7 @@ export default {
 
   // Enable (unfreeze) the cropper
   enable() {
-    if (this.ready) {
+    if (this.ready && this.disabled) {
       this.disabled = false;
       removeClass(this.cropper, CLASS_DISABLED);
     }
@@ -142,7 +135,7 @@ export default {
 
   // Disable (freeze) the cropper
   disable() {
-    if (this.ready) {
+    if (this.ready && !this.disabled) {
       this.disabled = true;
       addClass(this.cropper, CLASS_DISABLED);
     }
@@ -150,35 +143,34 @@ export default {
     return this;
   },
 
-  // Destroy the cropper and remove the instance from the image
+  /**
+   * Destroy the cropper and remove the instance from the image
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
+   */
   destroy() {
-    const { element, image } = this;
-
-    if (this.loaded) {
-      if (this.isImg && this.replaced) {
-        element.src = this.originalUrl;
-      }
+    const { element } = this;
 
-      this.unbuild();
-      removeClass(element, CLASS_HIDDEN);
-    } else if (this.isImg) {
-      removeListener(element, EVENT_LOAD, this.onStart);
-    } else if (image) {
-      image.parentNode.removeChild(image);
+    if (!element[NAMESPACE]) {
+      return this;
     }
 
-    removeData(element, NAMESPACE);
+    element[NAMESPACE] = undefined;
 
+    if (this.isImg && this.replaced) {
+      element.src = this.originalUrl;
+    }
+
+    this.uncreate();
     return this;
   },
 
   /**
    * Move the canvas with relative offsets
    * @param {number} offsetX - The relative offset distance on the x-axis.
-   * @param {number} offsetY - The relative offset distance on the y-axis.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @param {number} [offsetY=offsetX] - The relative offset distance on the y-axis.
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
-  move(offsetX, offsetY) {
+  move(offsetX, offsetY = offsetX) {
     const { left, top } = this.canvasData;
 
     return this.moveTo(
@@ -191,7 +183,7 @@ export default {
    * Move the canvas to an absolute point
    * @param {number} x - The x-axis coordinate.
    * @param {number} [y=x] - The y-axis coordinate.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   moveTo(x, y = x) {
     const { canvasData } = this;
@@ -223,7 +215,7 @@ export default {
    * Zoom the canvas with a relative ratio
    * @param {number} ratio - The target ratio.
    * @param {Event} _originalEvent - The original event if any.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   zoom(ratio, _originalEvent) {
     const { canvasData } = this;
@@ -244,7 +236,7 @@ export default {
    * @param {number} ratio - The target ratio.
    * @param {Object} pivot - The zoom pivot point coordinate.
    * @param {Event} _originalEvent - The original event if any.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   zoomTo(ratio, pivot, _originalEvent) {
     const { options, canvasData } = this;
@@ -262,9 +254,9 @@ export default {
       const newHeight = naturalHeight * ratio;
 
       if (dispatchEvent(this.element, EVENT_ZOOM, {
-        originalEvent: _originalEvent,
+        ratio,
         oldRatio: width / naturalWidth,
-        ratio: newWidth / naturalWidth,
+        originalEvent: _originalEvent,
       }) === false) {
         return this;
       }
@@ -308,7 +300,7 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Rotate the canvas with a relative degree
    * @param {number} degree - The rotate degree.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   rotate(degree) {
     return this.rotateTo((this.imageData.rotate || 0) + Number(degree));
@@ -317,7 +309,7 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Rotate the canvas to an absolute degree
    * @param {number} degree - The rotate degree.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   rotateTo(degree) {
     degree = Number(degree);
@@ -333,7 +325,7 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Scale the image on the x-axis.
    * @param {number} scaleX - The scale ratio on the x-axis.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   scaleX(scaleX) {
     const { scaleY } = this.imageData;
@@ -344,7 +336,7 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Scale the image on the y-axis.
    * @param {number} scaleY - The scale ratio on the y-axis.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   scaleY(scaleY) {
     const { scaleX } = this.imageData;
@@ -356,7 +348,7 @@ export default {
    * Scale the image
    * @param {number} scaleX - The scale ratio on the x-axis.
    * @param {number} [scaleY=scaleX] - The scale ratio on the y-axis.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   scale(scaleX, scaleY = scaleX) {
     const { imageData } = this;
@@ -408,10 +400,21 @@ export default {
 
       const ratio = imageData.width / imageData.naturalWidth;
 
-      each(data, (n, i) => {
-        n /= ratio;
-        data[i] = rounded ? Math.round(n) : n;
+      forEach(data, (n, i) => {
+        data[i] = n / ratio;
       });
+
+      if (rounded) {
+        // In case rounding off leads to extra 1px in right or bottom border
+        // we should round the top-left corner and the dimension (#343).
+        const bottom = Math.round(data.y + data.height);
+        const right = Math.round(data.x + data.width);
+
+        data.x = Math.round(data.x);
+        data.y = Math.round(data.y);
+        data.width = right - data.x;
+        data.height = bottom - data.y;
+      }
     } else {
       data = {
         x: 0,
@@ -436,16 +439,12 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Set the cropped area position and size with new data
    * @param {Object} data - The new data.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   setData(data) {
     const { options, imageData, canvasData } = this;
     const cropBoxData = {};
 
-    if (isFunction(data)) {
-      data = data.call(this.element);
-    }
-
     if (this.ready && !this.disabled && isPlainObject(data)) {
       let transformed = false;
 
@@ -501,7 +500,7 @@ export default {
    * @returns {Object} The result container data.
    */
   getContainerData() {
-    return this.ready ? extend({}, this.containerData) : {};
+    return this.ready ? assign({}, this.containerData) : {};
   },
 
   /**
@@ -509,7 +508,7 @@ export default {
    * @returns {Object} The result image data.
    */
   getImageData() {
-    return this.loaded ? extend({}, this.imageData) : {};
+    return this.sized ? assign({}, this.imageData) : {};
   },
 
   /**
@@ -521,7 +520,7 @@ export default {
     const data = {};
 
     if (this.ready) {
-      each([
+      forEach([
         'left',
         'top',
         'width',
@@ -539,16 +538,12 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Set the canvas position and size with new data.
    * @param {Object} data - The new canvas data.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   setCanvasData(data) {
     const { canvasData } = this;
     const { aspectRatio } = canvasData;
 
-    if (isFunction(data)) {
-      data = data.call(this.element);
-    }
-
     if (this.ready && !this.disabled && isPlainObject(data)) {
       if (isNumber(data.left)) {
         canvasData.left = data.left;
@@ -595,7 +590,7 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Set the crop box position and size with new data.
    * @param {Object} data - The new crop box data.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   setCropBoxData(data) {
     const { cropBoxData } = this;
@@ -603,10 +598,6 @@ export default {
     let widthChanged;
     let heightChanged;
 
-    if (isFunction(data)) {
-      data = data.call(this.element);
-    }
-
     if (this.ready && this.cropped && !this.disabled && isPlainObject(data)) {
       if (isNumber(data.left)) {
         cropBoxData.left = data.left;
@@ -761,8 +752,6 @@ export default {
       dstHeight = srcHeight;
     }
 
-    // All the numerical parameters should be integer for `drawImage`
-    // https://github.com/fengyuanchen/cropper/issues/476
     const params = [
       srcX,
       srcY,
@@ -782,7 +771,9 @@ export default {
       );
     }
 
-    context.drawImage(source, ...params.map(param => Math.floor(normalizeDecimalNumber(param))));
+    // All the numerical parameters should be integer for `drawImage`
+    // https://github.com/fengyuanchen/cropper/issues/476
+    context.drawImage(source, ...params.map((param) => Math.floor(normalizeDecimalNumber(param))));
 
     return canvas;
   },
@@ -790,7 +781,7 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Change the aspect ratio of the crop box.
    * @param {number} aspectRatio - The new aspect ratio.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   setAspectRatio(aspectRatio) {
     const { options } = this;
@@ -814,17 +805,18 @@ export default {
   /**
    * Change the drag mode.
    * @param {string} mode - The new drag mode.
-   * @returns {Object} this
+   * @returns {Cropper} this
    */
   setDragMode(mode) {
     const { options, dragBox, face } = this;
 
-    if (this.loaded && !this.disabled) {
+    if (this.ready && !this.disabled) {
       const croppable = mode === DRAG_MODE_CROP;
       const movable = options.movable && mode === DRAG_MODE_MOVE;
 
       mode = (croppable || movable) ? mode : DRAG_MODE_NONE;
 
+      options.dragMode = mode;
       setData(dragBox, DATA_ACTION, mode);
       toggleClass(dragBox, CLASS_CROP, croppable);
       toggleClass(dragBox, CLASS_MOVE, movable);
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/preview.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/preview.js
index c47d03f4b..b73ac391c 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/preview.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/preview.js
@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
+import { DATA_PREVIEW } from './constants';
 import {
-  DATA_PREVIEW,
-} from './constants';
-import {
-  each,
-  empty,
-  extend,
+  assign,
+  forEach,
   getData,
   getTransforms,
   removeData,
@@ -14,9 +11,10 @@ import {
 
 export default {
   initPreview() {
-    const { crossOrigin } = this;
+    const { element, crossOrigin } = this;
     const { preview } = this.options;
     const url = crossOrigin ? this.crossOriginUrl : this.url;
+    const alt = element.alt || 'The image to preview';
     const image = document.createElement('img');
 
     if (crossOrigin) {
@@ -24,25 +22,32 @@ export default {
     }
 
     image.src = url;
+    image.alt = alt;
     this.viewBox.appendChild(image);
-    this.image2 = image;
+    this.viewBoxImage = image;
 
     if (!preview) {
       return;
     }
 
-    const previews = preview.querySelector ? [preview] : document.querySelectorAll(preview);
+    let previews = preview;
+
+    if (typeof preview === 'string') {
+      previews = element.ownerDocument.querySelectorAll(preview);
+    } else if (preview.querySelector) {
+      previews = [preview];
+    }
 
     this.previews = previews;
 
-    each(previews, (element) => {
+    forEach(previews, (el) => {
       const img = document.createElement('img');
 
       // Save the original size for recover
-      setData(element, DATA_PREVIEW, {
-        width: element.offsetWidth,
-        height: element.offsetHeight,
-        html: element.innerHTML,
+      setData(el, DATA_PREVIEW, {
+        width: el.offsetWidth,
+        height: el.offsetHeight,
+        html: el.innerHTML,
       });
 
       if (crossOrigin) {
@@ -50,6 +55,7 @@ export default {
       }
 
       img.src = url;
+      img.alt = alt;
 
       /**
        * Override img element styles
@@ -58,23 +64,23 @@ export default {
        * (Occur only when margin-top <= -height)
        */
       img.style.cssText = (
-        'display:block;' +
-        'width:100%;' +
-        'height:auto;' +
-        'min-width:0!important;' +
-        'min-height:0!important;' +
-        'max-width:none!important;' +
-        'max-height:none!important;' +
-        'image-orientation:0deg!important;"'
+        'display:block;'
+        + 'width:100%;'
+        + 'height:auto;'
+        + 'min-width:0!important;'
+        + 'min-height:0!important;'
+        + 'max-width:none!important;'
+        + 'max-height:none!important;'
+        + 'image-orientation:0deg!important;"'
       );
 
-      empty(element);
-      element.appendChild(img);
+      el.innerHTML = '';
+      el.appendChild(img);
     });
   },
 
   resetPreview() {
-    each(this.previews, (element) => {
+    forEach(this.previews, (element) => {
       const data = getData(element, DATA_PREVIEW);
 
       setStyle(element, {
@@ -98,15 +104,15 @@ export default {
       return;
     }
 
-    setStyle(this.image2, extend({
+    setStyle(this.viewBoxImage, assign({
       width,
       height,
-    }, getTransforms(extend({
+    }, getTransforms(assign({
       translateX: -left,
       translateY: -top,
     }, imageData))));
 
-    each(this.previews, (element) => {
+    forEach(this.previews, (element) => {
       const data = getData(element, DATA_PREVIEW);
       const originalWidth = data.width;
       const originalHeight = data.height;
@@ -130,10 +136,10 @@ export default {
         height: newHeight,
       });
 
-      setStyle(element.getElementsByTagName('img')[0], extend({
+      setStyle(element.getElementsByTagName('img')[0], assign({
         width: width * ratio,
         height: height * ratio,
-      }, getTransforms(extend({
+      }, getTransforms(assign({
         translateX: -left * ratio,
         translateY: -top * ratio,
       }, imageData))));
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/render.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/render.js
index 09085ce41..ab8262d33 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/render.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/render.js
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import {
 } from './constants';
 import {
   addClass,
+  assign,
   dispatchEvent,
-  extend,
   getAdjustedSizes,
   getRotatedSizes,
   getTransforms,
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ export default {
     this.canvasData = canvasData;
     this.limited = (viewMode === 1 || viewMode === 2);
     this.limitCanvas(true, true);
-    this.initialImageData = extend({}, imageData);
-    this.initialCanvasData = extend({}, canvasData);
+    this.initialImageData = assign({}, imageData);
+    this.initialCanvasData = assign({}, canvasData);
   },
 
   limitCanvas(sizeLimited, positionLimited) {
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ export default {
         aspectRatio,
         width: minCanvasWidth,
         height: minCanvasHeight,
-      }, 'cover'));
+      }));
 
       canvasData.minWidth = minCanvasWidth;
       canvasData.minHeight = minCanvasHeight;
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ export default {
     }
 
     if (positionLimited) {
-      if (viewMode) {
+      if (viewMode > (cropped ? 0 : 1)) {
         const newCanvasLeft = containerData.width - canvasData.width;
         const newCanvasTop = containerData.height - canvasData.height;
 
@@ -231,13 +231,13 @@ export default {
       this.limitCanvas(true, false);
     }
 
-    if (canvasData.width > canvasData.maxWidth ||
-      canvasData.width < canvasData.minWidth) {
+    if (canvasData.width > canvasData.maxWidth
+      || canvasData.width < canvasData.minWidth) {
       canvasData.left = canvasData.oldLeft;
     }
 
-    if (canvasData.height > canvasData.maxHeight ||
-      canvasData.height < canvasData.minHeight) {
+    if (canvasData.height > canvasData.maxHeight
+      || canvasData.height < canvasData.minHeight) {
       canvasData.top = canvasData.oldTop;
     }
 
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ export default {
     canvasData.oldLeft = canvasData.left;
     canvasData.oldTop = canvasData.top;
 
-    setStyle(this.canvas, extend({
+    setStyle(this.canvas, assign({
       width: canvasData.width,
       height: canvasData.height,
     }, getTransforms({
@@ -283,16 +283,16 @@ export default {
     const width = imageData.naturalWidth * (canvasData.width / canvasData.naturalWidth);
     const height = imageData.naturalHeight * (canvasData.height / canvasData.naturalHeight);
 
-    extend(imageData, {
+    assign(imageData, {
       width,
       height,
       left: (canvasData.width - width) / 2,
       top: (canvasData.height - height) / 2,
     });
-    setStyle(this.image, extend({
+    setStyle(this.image, assign({
       width: imageData.width,
       height: imageData.height,
-    }, getTransforms(extend({
+    }, getTransforms(assign({
       translateX: imageData.left,
       translateY: imageData.top,
     }, imageData))));
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ export default {
 
   initCropBox() {
     const { options, canvasData } = this;
-    const { aspectRatio } = options;
+    const aspectRatio = options.aspectRatio || options.initialAspectRatio;
     const autoCropArea = Number(options.autoCropArea) || 0.8;
     const cropBoxData = {
       width: canvasData.width,
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ export default {
     cropBoxData.oldLeft = cropBoxData.left;
     cropBoxData.oldTop = cropBoxData.top;
 
-    this.initialCropBoxData = extend({}, cropBoxData);
+    this.initialCropBoxData = assign({}, cropBoxData);
   },
 
   limitCropBox(sizeLimited, positionLimited) {
@@ -366,14 +366,18 @@ export default {
     if (sizeLimited) {
       let minCropBoxWidth = Number(options.minCropBoxWidth) || 0;
       let minCropBoxHeight = Number(options.minCropBoxHeight) || 0;
-      let maxCropBoxWidth = Math.min(
+      let maxCropBoxWidth = limited ? Math.min(
         containerData.width,
-        limited ? canvasData.width : containerData.width,
-      );
-      let maxCropBoxHeight = Math.min(
+        canvasData.width,
+        canvasData.width + canvasData.left,
+        containerData.width - canvasData.left,
+      ) : containerData.width;
+      let maxCropBoxHeight = limited ? Math.min(
         containerData.height,
-        limited ? canvasData.height : containerData.height,
-      );
+        canvasData.height,
+        canvasData.height + canvasData.top,
+        containerData.height - canvasData.top,
+      ) : containerData.height;
 
       // The min/maxCropBoxWidth/Height must be less than container's width/height
       minCropBoxWidth = Math.min(minCropBoxWidth, containerData.width);
@@ -430,13 +434,13 @@ export default {
   renderCropBox() {
     const { options, containerData, cropBoxData } = this;
 
-    if (cropBoxData.width > cropBoxData.maxWidth ||
-      cropBoxData.width < cropBoxData.minWidth) {
+    if (cropBoxData.width > cropBoxData.maxWidth
+      || cropBoxData.width < cropBoxData.minWidth) {
       cropBoxData.left = cropBoxData.oldLeft;
     }
 
-    if (cropBoxData.height > cropBoxData.maxHeight ||
-      cropBoxData.height < cropBoxData.minHeight) {
+    if (cropBoxData.height > cropBoxData.maxHeight
+      || cropBoxData.height < cropBoxData.minHeight) {
       cropBoxData.top = cropBoxData.oldTop;
     }
 
@@ -464,11 +468,11 @@ export default {
 
     if (options.movable && options.cropBoxMovable) {
       // Turn to move the canvas when the crop box is equal to the container
-      setData(this.face, DATA_ACTION, cropBoxData.width >= containerData.width &&
-        cropBoxData.height >= containerData.height ? ACTION_MOVE : ACTION_ALL);
+      setData(this.face, DATA_ACTION, cropBoxData.width >= containerData.width
+        && cropBoxData.height >= containerData.height ? ACTION_MOVE : ACTION_ALL);
     }
 
-    setStyle(this.cropBox, extend({
+    setStyle(this.cropBox, assign({
       width: cropBoxData.width,
       height: cropBoxData.height,
     }, getTransforms({
@@ -487,9 +491,6 @@ export default {
 
   output() {
     this.preview();
-
-    if (this.complete) {
-      dispatchEvent(this.element, EVENT_CROP, this.getData());
-    }
+    dispatchEvent(this.element, EVENT_CROP, this.getData());
   },
 };
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/template.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/template.js
index 589b46a78..e14ce750b 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/template.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/template.js
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
 export default (
-  '<div class="cropper-container">' +
-    '<div class="cropper-wrap-box">' +
-      '<div class="cropper-canvas"></div>' +
-    '</div>' +
-    '<div class="cropper-drag-box"></div>' +
-    '<div class="cropper-crop-box">' +
-      '<span class="cropper-view-box"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-dashed dashed-h"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-dashed dashed-v"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-center"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-face"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-line line-e" data-action="e"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-line line-n" data-action="n"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-line line-w" data-action="w"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-line line-s" data-action="s"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-e" data-action="e"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-n" data-action="n"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-w" data-action="w"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-s" data-action="s"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-ne" data-action="ne"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-nw" data-action="nw"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-sw" data-action="sw"></span>' +
-      '<span class="cropper-point point-se" data-action="se"></span>' +
-    '</div>' +
-  '</div>'
+  '<div class="cropper-container" touch-action="none">'
+    + '<div class="cropper-wrap-box">'
+      + '<div class="cropper-canvas"></div>'
+    + '</div>'
+    + '<div class="cropper-drag-box"></div>'
+    + '<div class="cropper-crop-box">'
+      + '<span class="cropper-view-box"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-dashed dashed-h"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-dashed dashed-v"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-center"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-face"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-line line-e" data-cropper-action="e"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-line line-n" data-cropper-action="n"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-line line-w" data-cropper-action="w"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-line line-s" data-cropper-action="s"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-e" data-cropper-action="e"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-n" data-cropper-action="n"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-w" data-cropper-action="w"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-s" data-cropper-action="s"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-ne" data-cropper-action="ne"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-nw" data-cropper-action="nw"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-sw" data-cropper-action="sw"></span>'
+      + '<span class="cropper-point point-se" data-cropper-action="se"></span>'
+    + '</div>'
+  + '</div>'
 );
diff --git a/library/cropperjs/src/js/utilities.js b/library/cropperjs/src/js/utilities.js
index 50b586a76..bb5c7c24c 100644
--- a/library/cropperjs/src/js/utilities.js
+++ b/library/cropperjs/src/js/utilities.js
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  WINDOW,
-} from './constants';
+import { IS_BROWSER, WINDOW } from './constants';
 
 /**
  * Check if the given value is not a number.
@@ -17,6 +15,13 @@ export function isNumber(value) {
 }
 
 /**
+ * Check if the given value is a positive number.
+ * @param {*} value - The value to check.
+ * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the given value is a positive number, else `false`.
+ */
+export const isPositiveNumber = (value) => value > 0 && value < Infinity;
+
+/**
  * Check if the given value is undefined.
  * @param {*} value - The value to check.
  * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the given value is undefined, else `false`.
@@ -51,7 +56,7 @@ export function isPlainObject(value) {
     const { prototype } = constructor;
 
     return constructor && prototype && hasOwnProperty.call(prototype, 'isPrototypeOf');
-  } catch (e) {
+  } catch (error) {
     return false;
   }
 }
@@ -65,23 +70,29 @@ export function isFunction(value) {
   return typeof value === 'function';
 }
 
+const { slice } = Array.prototype;
+
+/**
+ * Convert array-like or iterable object to an array.
+ * @param {*} value - The value to convert.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array.
+ */
+export function toArray(value) {
+  return Array.from ? Array.from(value) : slice.call(value);
+}
+
 /**
  * Iterate the given data.
  * @param {*} data - The data to iterate.
  * @param {Function} callback - The process function for each element.
  * @returns {*} The original data.
  */
-export function each(data, callback) {
+export function forEach(data, callback) {
   if (data && isFunction(callback)) {
     if (Array.isArray(data) || isNumber(data.length)/* array-like */) {
-      const { length } = data;
-      let i;
-
-      for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-        if (callback.call(data, data[i], i, data) === false) {
-          break;
-        }
-      }
+      toArray(data).forEach((value, key) => {
+        callback.call(data, value, key, data);
+      });
     } else if (isObject(data)) {
       Object.keys(data).forEach((key) => {
         callback.call(data, data[key], key, data);
@@ -94,43 +105,29 @@ export function each(data, callback) {
 
 /**
  * Extend the given object.
- * @param {*} obj - The object to be extended.
- * @param {*} args - The rest objects which will be merged to the first object.
+ * @param {*} target - The target object to extend.
+ * @param {*} args - The rest objects for merging to the target object.
  * @returns {Object} The extended object.
  */
-export function extend(obj, ...args) {
-  if (isObject(obj) && args.length > 0) {
-    if (Object.assign) {
-      return Object.assign(obj, ...args);
-    }
-
+export const assign = Object.assign || function assign(target, ...args) {
+  if (isObject(target) && args.length > 0) {
     args.forEach((arg) => {
       if (isObject(arg)) {
         Object.keys(arg).forEach((key) => {
-          obj[key] = arg[key];
+          target[key] = arg[key];
         });
       }
     });
   }
 
-  return obj;
-}
-
-/**
- * Takes a function and returns a new one that will always have a particular context.
- * @param {Function} fn - The target function.
- * @param {Object} context - The new context for the function.
- * @returns {boolean} The new function.
- */
-export function proxy(fn, context, ...args) {
-  return (...args2) => fn.apply(context, args.concat(args2));
-}
+  return target;
+};
 
-const REGEXP_DECIMALS = /\.\d*(?:0|9){12}\d*$/i;
+const REGEXP_DECIMALS = /\.\d*(?:0|9){12}\d*$/;
 
 /**
  * Normalize decimal number.
- * Check out {@link http://0.30000000000000004.com/ }
+ * Check out {@link http://0.30000000000000004.com/}
  * @param {number} value - The value to normalize.
  * @param {number} [times=100000000000] - The times for normalizing.
  * @returns {number} Returns the normalized number.
@@ -139,7 +136,7 @@ export function normalizeDecimalNumber(value, times = 100000000000) {
   return REGEXP_DECIMALS.test(value) ? (Math.round(value * times) / times) : value;
 }
 
-const REGEXP_SUFFIX = /^(?:width|height|left|top|marginLeft|marginTop)$/;
+const REGEXP_SUFFIX = /^width|height|left|top|marginLeft|marginTop$/;
 
 /**
  * Apply styles to the given element.
@@ -149,9 +146,9 @@ const REGEXP_SUFFIX = /^(?:width|height|left|top|marginLeft|marginTop)$/;
 export function setStyle(element, styles) {
   const { style } = element;
 
-  each(styles, (value, property) => {
+  forEach(styles, (value, property) => {
     if (REGEXP_SUFFIX.test(property) && isNumber(value)) {
-      value += 'px';
+      value = `${value}px`;
     }
 
     style[property] = value;
@@ -165,9 +162,9 @@ export function setStyle(element, styles) {
  * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the special class was found.
  */
 export function hasClass(element, value) {
-  return element.classList ?
-    element.classList.contains(value) :
-    element.className.indexOf(value) > -1;
+  return element.classList
+    ? element.classList.contains(value)
+    : element.className.indexOf(value) > -1;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -181,7 +178,7 @@ export function addClass(element, value) {
   }
 
   if (isNumber(element.length)) {
-    each(element, (elem) => {
+    forEach(element, (elem) => {
       addClass(elem, value);
     });
     return;
@@ -212,7 +209,7 @@ export function removeClass(element, value) {
   }
 
   if (isNumber(element.length)) {
-    each(element, (elem) => {
+    forEach(element, (elem) => {
       removeClass(elem, value);
     });
     return;
@@ -240,7 +237,7 @@ export function toggleClass(element, value, added) {
   }
 
   if (isNumber(element.length)) {
-    each(element, (elem) => {
+    forEach(element, (elem) => {
       toggleClass(elem, value, added);
     });
     return;
@@ -254,15 +251,15 @@ export function toggleClass(element, value, added) {
   }
 }
 
-const REGEXP_HYPHENATE = /([a-z\d])([A-Z])/g;
+const REGEXP_CAMEL_CASE = /([a-z\d])([A-Z])/g;
 
 /**
- * Hyphenate the given value.
- * @param {string} value - The value to hyphenate.
- * @returns {string} The hyphenated value.
+ * Transform the given string from camelCase to kebab-case
+ * @param {string} value - The value to transform.
+ * @returns {string} The transformed value.
  */
-export function hyphenate(value) {
-  return value.replace(REGEXP_HYPHENATE, '$1-$2').toLowerCase();
+export function toParamCase(value) {
+  return value.replace(REGEXP_CAMEL_CASE, '$1-$2').toLowerCase();
 }
 
 /**
@@ -274,11 +271,13 @@ export function hyphenate(value) {
 export function getData(element, name) {
   if (isObject(element[name])) {
     return element[name];
-  } else if (element.dataset) {
+  }
+
+  if (element.dataset) {
     return element.dataset[name];
   }
 
-  return element.getAttribute(`data-${hyphenate(name)}`);
+  return element.getAttribute(`data-${toParamCase(name)}`);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ export function setData(element, name, data) {
   } else if (element.dataset) {
     element.dataset[name] = data;
   } else {
-    element.setAttribute(`data-${hyphenate(name)}`, data);
+    element.setAttribute(`data-${toParamCase(name)}`, data);
   }
 }
 
@@ -306,22 +305,50 @@ export function removeData(element, name) {
   if (isObject(element[name])) {
     try {
       delete element[name];
-    } catch (e) {
-      element[name] = null;
+    } catch (error) {
+      element[name] = undefined;
     }
   } else if (element.dataset) {
     // #128 Safari not allows to delete dataset property
     try {
       delete element.dataset[name];
-    } catch (e) {
-      element.dataset[name] = null;
+    } catch (error) {
+      element.dataset[name] = undefined;
     }
   } else {
-    element.removeAttribute(`data-${hyphenate(name)}`);
+    element.removeAttribute(`data-${toParamCase(name)}`);
   }
 }
 
 const REGEXP_SPACES = /\s\s*/;
+const onceSupported = (() => {
+  let supported = false;
+
+  if (IS_BROWSER) {
+    let once = false;
+    const listener = () => {};
+    const options = Object.defineProperty({}, 'once', {
+      get() {
+        supported = true;
+        return once;
+      },
+
+      /**
+       * This setter can fix a `TypeError` in strict mode
+       * {@link https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors/Getter_only}
+       * @param {boolean} value - The value to set
+       */
+      set(value) {
+        once = value;
+      },
+    });
+
+    WINDOW.addEventListener('test', listener, options);
+    WINDOW.removeEventListener('test', listener, options);
+  }
+
+  return supported;
+})();
 
 /**
  * Remove event listener from the target element.
@@ -331,24 +358,28 @@ const REGEXP_SPACES = /\s\s*/;
  * @param {Object} options - The event options.
  */
 export function removeListener(element, type, listener, options = {}) {
-  if (!isFunction(listener)) {
-    return;
-  }
+  let handler = listener;
 
-  const types = type.trim().split(REGEXP_SPACES);
+  type.trim().split(REGEXP_SPACES).forEach((event) => {
+    if (!onceSupported) {
+      const { listeners } = element;
 
-  if (types.length > 1) {
-    each(types, (t) => {
-      removeListener(element, t, listener, options);
-    });
-    return;
-  }
+      if (listeners && listeners[event] && listeners[event][listener]) {
+        handler = listeners[event][listener];
+        delete listeners[event][listener];
 
-  if (element.removeEventListener) {
-    element.removeEventListener(type, listener, options);
-  } else if (element.detachEvent) {
-    element.detachEvent(`on${type}`, listener);
-  }
+        if (Object.keys(listeners[event]).length === 0) {
+          delete listeners[event];
+        }
+
+        if (Object.keys(listeners).length === 0) {
+          delete element.listeners;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    element.removeEventListener(event, handler, options);
+  });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -359,33 +390,32 @@ export function removeListener(element, type, listener, options = {}) {
  * @param {Object} options - The event options.
  */
 export function addListener(element, type, listener, options = {}) {
-  if (!isFunction(listener)) {
-    return;
-  }
+  let handler = listener;
 
-  const types = type.trim().split(REGEXP_SPACES);
+  type.trim().split(REGEXP_SPACES).forEach((event) => {
+    if (options.once && !onceSupported) {
+      const { listeners = {} } = element;
 
-  if (types.length > 1) {
-    each(types, (t) => {
-      addListener(element, t, listener, options);
-    });
-    return;
-  }
+      handler = (...args) => {
+        delete listeners[event][listener];
+        element.removeEventListener(event, handler, options);
+        listener.apply(element, args);
+      };
 
-  if (options.once) {
-    const originalListener = listener;
+      if (!listeners[event]) {
+        listeners[event] = {};
+      }
 
-    listener = (...args) => {
-      removeListener(element, type, listener, options);
-      return originalListener.apply(element, args);
-    };
-  }
+      if (listeners[event][listener]) {
+        element.removeEventListener(event, listeners[event][listener], options);
+      }
 
-  if (element.addEventListener) {
-    element.addEventListener(type, listener, options);
-  } else if (element.attachEvent) {
-    element.attachEvent(`on${type}`, listener);
-  }
+      listeners[event][listener] = handler;
+      element.listeners = listeners;
+    }
+
+    element.addEventListener(event, handler, options);
+  });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -396,39 +426,21 @@ export function addListener(element, type, listener, options = {}) {
  * @returns {boolean} Indicate if the event is default prevented or not.
  */
 export function dispatchEvent(element, type, data) {
-  if (element.dispatchEvent) {
-    let event;
-
-    // Event and CustomEvent on IE9-11 are global objects, not constructors
-    if (isFunction(Event) && isFunction(CustomEvent)) {
-      if (isUndefined(data)) {
-        event = new Event(type, {
-          bubbles: true,
-          cancelable: true,
-        });
-      } else {
-        event = new CustomEvent(type, {
-          detail: data,
-          bubbles: true,
-          cancelable: true,
-        });
-      }
-    } else if (isUndefined(data)) {
-      event = document.createEvent('Event');
-      event.initEvent(type, true, true);
-    } else {
-      event = document.createEvent('CustomEvent');
-      event.initCustomEvent(type, true, true, data);
-    }
-
-    // IE9+
-    return element.dispatchEvent(event);
-  } else if (element.fireEvent) {
-    // IE6-10 (native events only)
-    return element.fireEvent(`on${type}`);
+  let event;
+
+  // Event and CustomEvent on IE9-11 are global objects, not constructors
+  if (isFunction(Event) && isFunction(CustomEvent)) {
+    event = new CustomEvent(type, {
+      detail: data,
+      bubbles: true,
+      cancelable: true,
+    });
+  } else {
+    event = document.createEvent('CustomEvent');
+    event.initCustomEvent(type, true, true, data);
   }
 
-  return true;
+  return element.dispatchEvent(event);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -437,31 +449,16 @@ export function dispatchEvent(element, type, data) {
  * @returns {Object} The offset data.
  */
 export function getOffset(element) {
-  const doc = document.documentElement;
   const box = element.getBoundingClientRect();
 
   return {
-    left: box.left + (
-      (window.scrollX || (doc && doc.scrollLeft) || 0) - ((doc && doc.clientLeft) || 0)
-    ),
-    top: box.top + (
-      (window.scrollY || (doc && doc.scrollTop) || 0) - ((doc && doc.clientTop) || 0)
-    ),
+    left: box.left + (window.pageXOffset - document.documentElement.clientLeft),
+    top: box.top + (window.pageYOffset - document.documentElement.clientTop),
   };
 }
 
-/**
- * Empty an element.
- * @param {Element} element - The element to empty.
- */
-export function empty(element) {
-  while (element.firstChild) {
-    element.removeChild(element.firstChild);
-  }
-}
-
 const { location } = WINDOW;
-const REGEXP_ORIGINS = /^(https?:)\/\/([^:/?#]+):?(\d*)/i;
+const REGEXP_ORIGINS = /^(\w+:)\/\/([^:/?#]*):?(\d*)/i;
 
 /**
  * Check if the given URL is a cross origin URL.
@@ -471,10 +468,10 @@ const REGEXP_ORIGINS = /^(https?:)\/\/([^:/?#]+):?(\d*)/i;
 export function isCrossOriginURL(url) {
   const parts = url.match(REGEXP_ORIGINS);
 
-  return parts && (
-    parts[1] !== location.protocol ||
-    parts[2] !== location.hostname ||
-    parts[3] !== location.port
+  return parts !== null && (
+    parts[1] !== location.protocol
+    || parts[2] !== location.hostname
+    || parts[3] !== location.port
   );
 }
 
@@ -486,7 +483,7 @@ export function isCrossOriginURL(url) {
 export function addTimestamp(url) {
   const timestamp = `timestamp=${(new Date()).getTime()}`;
 
-  return (url + (url.indexOf('?') === -1 ? '?' : '&') + timestamp);
+  return url + (url.indexOf('?') === -1 ? '?' : '&') + timestamp;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -533,65 +530,19 @@ export function getTransforms({
   };
 }
 
-const { navigator } = WINDOW;
-const IS_SAFARI_OR_UIWEBVIEW = navigator && /(Macintosh|iPhone|iPod|iPad).*AppleWebKit/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
-
-/**
- * Get an image's natural sizes.
- * @param {string} image - The target image.
- * @param {Function} callback - The callback function.
- */
-export function getImageNaturalSizes(image, callback) {
-  // Modern browsers (except Safari)
-  if (image.naturalWidth && !IS_SAFARI_OR_UIWEBVIEW) {
-    callback(image.naturalWidth, image.naturalHeight);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  const newImage = document.createElement('img');
-  const body = document.body || document.documentElement;
-
-  newImage.onload = () => {
-    callback(newImage.width, newImage.height);
-
-    if (!IS_SAFARI_OR_UIWEBVIEW) {
-      body.removeChild(newImage);
-    }
-  };
-
-  newImage.src = image.src;
-
-  // iOS Safari will convert the image automatically
-  // with its orientation once append it into DOM (#279)
-  if (!IS_SAFARI_OR_UIWEBVIEW) {
-    newImage.style.cssText = (
-      'left:0;' +
-      'max-height:none!important;' +
-      'max-width:none!important;' +
-      'min-height:0!important;' +
-      'min-width:0!important;' +
-      'opacity:0;' +
-      'position:absolute;' +
-      'top:0;' +
-      'z-index:-1;'
-    );
-    body.appendChild(newImage);
-  }
-}
-
 /**
  * Get the max ratio of a group of pointers.
  * @param {string} pointers - The target pointers.
  * @returns {number} The result ratio.
  */
 export function getMaxZoomRatio(pointers) {
-  const pointers2 = extend({}, pointers);
+  const pointers2 = { ...pointers };
   const ratios = [];
 
-  each(pointers, (pointer, pointerId) => {
+  forEach(pointers, (pointer, pointerId) => {
     delete pointers2[pointerId];
 
-    each(pointers2, (pointer2) => {
+    forEach(pointers2, (pointer2) => {
       const x1 = Math.abs(pointer.startX - pointer2.startX);
       const y1 = Math.abs(pointer.startY - pointer2.startY);
       const x2 = Math.abs(pointer.endX - pointer2.endX);
@@ -621,14 +572,11 @@ export function getPointer({ pageX, pageY }, endOnly) {
     endY: pageY,
   };
 
-  if (endOnly) {
-    return end;
-  }
-
-  return extend({
+  return endOnly ? end : ({
     startX: pageX,
     startY: pageY,
-  }, end);
+    ...end,
+  });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -641,7 +589,7 @@ export function getPointersCenter(pointers) {
   let pageY = 0;
   let count = 0;
 
-  each(pointers, ({ startX, startY }) => {
+  forEach(pointers, ({ startX, startY }) => {
     pageX += startX;
     pageY += startY;
     count += 1;
@@ -657,11 +605,6 @@ export function getPointersCenter(pointers) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Check if the given value is a finite number.
- */
-export const isFinite = Number.isFinite || WINDOW.isFinite;
-
-/**
  * Get the max sizes in a rectangle under the given aspect ratio.
  * @param {Object} data - The original sizes.
  * @param {string} [type='contain'] - The adjust type.
@@ -675,9 +618,10 @@ export function getAdjustedSizes(
   },
   type = 'contain', // or 'cover'
 ) {
-  const isValidNumber = value => isFinite(value) && value > 0;
+  const isValidWidth = isPositiveNumber(width);
+  const isValidHeight = isPositiveNumber(height);
 
-  if (isValidNumber(width) && isValidNumber(height)) {
+  if (isValidWidth && isValidHeight) {
     const adjustedWidth = height * aspectRatio;
 
     if ((type === 'contain' && adjustedWidth > width) || (type === 'cover' && adjustedWidth < width)) {
@@ -685,9 +629,9 @@ export function getAdjustedSizes(
     } else {
       width = height * aspectRatio;
     }
-  } else if (isValidNumber(width)) {
+  } else if (isValidWidth) {
     height = width / aspectRatio;
-  } else if (isValidNumber(height)) {
+  } else if (isValidHeight) {
     width = height * aspectRatio;
   }
 
@@ -738,6 +682,9 @@ export function getRotatedSizes({ width, height, degree }) {
 export function getSourceCanvas(
   image,
   {
+    aspectRatio: imageAspectRatio,
+    naturalWidth: imageNaturalWidth,
+    naturalHeight: imageNaturalHeight,
     rotate = 0,
     scaleX = 1,
     scaleY = 1,
@@ -771,11 +718,32 @@ export function getSourceCanvas(
   }, 'cover');
   const width = Math.min(maxSizes.width, Math.max(minSizes.width, naturalWidth));
   const height = Math.min(maxSizes.height, Math.max(minSizes.height, naturalHeight));
+
+  // Note: should always use image's natural sizes for drawing as
+  // imageData.naturalWidth === canvasData.naturalHeight when rotate % 180 === 90
+  const destMaxSizes = getAdjustedSizes({
+    aspectRatio: imageAspectRatio,
+    width: maxWidth,
+    height: maxHeight,
+  });
+  const destMinSizes = getAdjustedSizes({
+    aspectRatio: imageAspectRatio,
+    width: minWidth,
+    height: minHeight,
+  }, 'cover');
+  const destWidth = Math.min(
+    destMaxSizes.width,
+    Math.max(destMinSizes.width, imageNaturalWidth),
+  );
+  const destHeight = Math.min(
+    destMaxSizes.height,
+    Math.max(destMinSizes.height, imageNaturalHeight),
+  );
   const params = [
-    -width / 2,
-    -height / 2,
-    width,
-    height,
+    -destWidth / 2,
+    -destHeight / 2,
+    destWidth,
+    destHeight,
   ];
 
   canvas.width = normalizeDecimalNumber(width);
@@ -788,7 +756,7 @@ export function getSourceCanvas(
   context.scale(scaleX, scaleY);
   context.imageSmoothingEnabled = imageSmoothingEnabled;
   context.imageSmoothingQuality = imageSmoothingQuality;
-  context.drawImage(image, ...params.map(param => Math.floor(normalizeDecimalNumber(param))));
+  context.drawImage(image, ...params.map((param) => Math.floor(normalizeDecimalNumber(param))));
   context.restore();
   return canvas;
 }
@@ -804,11 +772,10 @@ const { fromCharCode } = String;
  */
 export function getStringFromCharCode(dataView, start, length) {
   let str = '';
-  let i;
 
   length += start;
 
-  for (i = start; i < length; i += 1) {
+  for (let i = start; i < length; i += 1) {
     str += fromCharCode(dataView.getUint8(i));
   }
 
@@ -828,7 +795,7 @@ export function dataURLToArrayBuffer(dataURL) {
   const arrayBuffer = new ArrayBuffer(binary.length);
   const uint8 = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);
 
-  each(uint8, (value, i) => {
+  forEach(uint8, (value, i) => {
     uint8[i] = binary.charCodeAt(i);
   });
 
@@ -842,15 +809,20 @@ export function dataURLToArrayBuffer(dataURL) {
  * @returns {string} The result Data URL.
  */
 export function arrayBufferToDataURL(arrayBuffer, mimeType) {
-  const uint8 = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);
-  let data = '';
+  const chunks = [];
 
-  // TypedArray.prototype.forEach is not supported in some browsers.
-  each(uint8, (value) => {
-    data += fromCharCode(value);
-  });
+  // Chunk Typed Array for better performance (#435)
+  const chunkSize = 8192;
+  let uint8 = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);
 
-  return `data:${mimeType};base64,${btoa(data)}`;
+  while (uint8.length > 0) {
+    // XXX: Babel's `toConsumableArray` helper will throw error in IE or Safari 9
+    // eslint-disable-next-line prefer-spread
+    chunks.push(fromCharCode.apply(null, toArray(uint8.subarray(0, chunkSize))));
+    uint8 = uint8.subarray(chunkSize);
+  }
+
+  return `data:${mimeType};base64,${btoa(chunks.join(''))}`;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -858,69 +830,75 @@ export function arrayBufferToDataURL(arrayBuffer, mimeType) {
  * @param {ArrayBuffer} arrayBuffer - The array buffer to read.
  * @returns {number} The read orientation value.
  */
-export function getOrientation(arrayBuffer) {
+export function resetAndGetOrientation(arrayBuffer) {
   const dataView = new DataView(arrayBuffer);
   let orientation;
-  let littleEndian;
-  let app1Start;
-  let ifdStart;
-
-  // Only handle JPEG image (start by 0xFFD8)
-  if (dataView.getUint8(0) === 0xFF && dataView.getUint8(1) === 0xD8) {
-    const length = dataView.byteLength;
-    let offset = 2;
-
-    while (offset < length) {
-      if (dataView.getUint8(offset) === 0xFF && dataView.getUint8(offset + 1) === 0xE1) {
-        app1Start = offset;
-        break;
-      }
 
-      offset += 1;
+  // Ignores range error when the image does not have correct Exif information
+  try {
+    let littleEndian;
+    let app1Start;
+    let ifdStart;
+
+    // Only handle JPEG image (start by 0xFFD8)
+    if (dataView.getUint8(0) === 0xFF && dataView.getUint8(1) === 0xD8) {
+      const length = dataView.byteLength;
+      let offset = 2;
+
+      while (offset + 1 < length) {
+        if (dataView.getUint8(offset) === 0xFF && dataView.getUint8(offset + 1) === 0xE1) {
+          app1Start = offset;
+          break;
+        }
+
+        offset += 1;
+      }
     }
-  }
 
-  if (app1Start) {
-    const exifIDCode = app1Start + 4;
-    const tiffOffset = app1Start + 10;
+    if (app1Start) {
+      const exifIDCode = app1Start + 4;
+      const tiffOffset = app1Start + 10;
 
-    if (getStringFromCharCode(dataView, exifIDCode, 4) === 'Exif') {
-      const endianness = dataView.getUint16(tiffOffset);
+      if (getStringFromCharCode(dataView, exifIDCode, 4) === 'Exif') {
+        const endianness = dataView.getUint16(tiffOffset);
 
-      littleEndian = endianness === 0x4949;
+        littleEndian = endianness === 0x4949;
 
-      if (littleEndian || endianness === 0x4D4D /* bigEndian */) {
-        if (dataView.getUint16(tiffOffset + 2, littleEndian) === 0x002A) {
-          const firstIFDOffset = dataView.getUint32(tiffOffset + 4, littleEndian);
+        if (littleEndian || endianness === 0x4D4D /* bigEndian */) {
+          if (dataView.getUint16(tiffOffset + 2, littleEndian) === 0x002A) {
+            const firstIFDOffset = dataView.getUint32(tiffOffset + 4, littleEndian);
 
-          if (firstIFDOffset >= 0x00000008) {
-            ifdStart = tiffOffset + firstIFDOffset;
+            if (firstIFDOffset >= 0x00000008) {
+              ifdStart = tiffOffset + firstIFDOffset;
+            }
           }
         }
       }
     }
-  }
 
-  if (ifdStart) {
-    const length = dataView.getUint16(ifdStart, littleEndian);
-    let offset;
-    let i;
+    if (ifdStart) {
+      const length = dataView.getUint16(ifdStart, littleEndian);
+      let offset;
+      let i;
 
-    for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
-      offset = ifdStart + (i * 12) + 2;
+      for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+        offset = ifdStart + (i * 12) + 2;
 
-      if (dataView.getUint16(offset, littleEndian) === 0x0112 /* Orientation */) {
-        // 8 is the offset of the current tag's value
-        offset += 8;
+        if (dataView.getUint16(offset, littleEndian) === 0x0112 /* Orientation */) {
+          // 8 is the offset of the current tag's value
+          offset += 8;
 
-        // Get the original orientation value
-        orientation = dataView.getUint16(offset, littleEndian);
+          // Get the original orientation value
+          orientation = dataView.getUint16(offset, littleEndian);
 
-        // Override the orientation with its default value
-        dataView.setUint16(offset, 1, littleEndian);
-        break;
+          // Override the orientation with its default value
+          dataView.setUint16(offset, 1, littleEndian);
+          break;
+        }
       }
     }
+  } catch (error) {
+    orientation = 1;
   }
 
   return orientation;