path: root/doc/faq_developers.bb

[size=large][b]Frequently Asked Questions For Developers[/b][/size]

[toc]


[h3]What does $a mean?[/h3]
$a is a class defined in boot.php and passed all around $Projectname as a global reference variable. It defines everything necessary for the $Projectname application: Server variables, URL arguments, page structures, layouts, content, installed plugins, output device info, theme info, identity of the observer and (potential) page owner ... 

We don't ever create more than one instance and always modify the elements of the single instance. The mechanics of this are somewhat tricky. If you have a function that is passed $a and needs to modify $a you need to declare it as a reference with '&' e.g. 

[code]function foo(&$a) { $a->something = 'x'; // whatever };

*or* access it within your function  as a global variable via get_app()

function foo() {
    $a = get_app();
    $a->something = 'x';
}


function foo($a) { $a->something = 'x'; }; 

will *not* change the global app state. 

function foo() {
   get_app()->something = 'x';
}
[/code]


An example (large) &$a object showing some of its many members and structures-- in JSON format for easier readability-- is here:

[code]  {
  "category": null,
  "nav_sel": {
    "home": null,
    "community": null,
    "contacts": null,
    "directory": null,
    "settings": null,
    "notifications": null,
    "intros": null,
    "messages": null,
    "register": null,
    "manage": null,
    "profiles": null,
    "network": null,
    "help": "active"
  },
  "argc": 2,
  "install": false,
  "is_mobile": false,
  "timezone": "America/Los_Angeles",
  "sourcename": "",
  "module_loaded": true,
  "contacts": null,
  "interactive": true,
  "config": {
    "system": {
      "max_import_size": 200000,
      "logfile": "/tmp/hubzilla.log",
      "channels_active_monthly_stat": "3",
      "last_expire_day": "4",
      "loglevel": "4",
      "sitename": "Hubzilla",
      "access_policy": 0,
      "directory_mode": 0,
      "debugging": "1",
      "verify_email": 1,
      "register_text": "",
      "urlverify": "687474703a2f2f6875627a696c6c61",
      "register_policy": 2,
      "theme": "redbasic",
      "smarty3_folder": "/home/src/hubzilla/store/[data]/smarty3",
      "channels_total_stat": "4",
      "admin_email": "foo@bar.com",
      "channels_active_halfyear_stat": "3",
      "location_hash": "910792b7bf75296cbf238ae29a5493f3c78805812652d3f0396e88763a26ce1b",
      "local_posts_stat": "63",
      "lastpollcheck": "2015-11-03 07:40:38",
      "baseurl": "http://hubzilla",
      "config_loaded": true,
      "pubkey": "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\nMIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAuR4neYAxuWwZg34fqofU\nZg8y1YSTX39Tzhgcgn7QFCeH600NHJBHWXbPdS5imdYq6W+P1vtKxsVNLI9d01+j\ns3MF3amgEuJH0X+JLLjyittQksyAiukvh/o4MSit8mcYcXs8Dxaybe+KaY09N4ys\ndxKcn6EPlthUiQPJMPitybp4vYkw9LupWZOQWThz9ur6T5wnk9ehBIPFN8gYvKrT\nAG9RFfbq3y59rTOiSHNA2PIUMzo2HEh4QBVCvVolKt7GPhUM4Bze40VRe8ELZTPp\nyehNxEHyhHZfnC+XRVNlvSPXBU2vtE+zcok+5DXsKAqMt8YgFIThNEOLQKvff/lv\nsdGvk6jJZok7+9lKtYfwnNnRWf51aVVuSAO3aIIVLroLyhiji0KA7G5YRHeF1rNL\np88e8peMyUMCX2Svv1wudJzqOfWSvOpY0NLZrdGZXRN2/rXyHPRD/TtS3SNDdd7J\nYQUjyxGjF1/zB3xqvPr09s8tzXqJl9pZNcN9iz58oPBbTuGdUr8CJro/3nVHgkRf\nw7/zhapSW1UaroJjecrC9yWx5QUD3KNU51phsP9iHCFdMyPBdUHjmNvE5f7YJWBh\nO1rRKUoE3i+eHLYAWeYblFX7T+EKOCB2hd3NUrIqDL98OSpfDiZT7rf9PdcWCOY5\nuddm6KzwHjffl5kZd8MM8bMCAwEAAQ==\n-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\n",
      "addon": "converse",
      "lastpoll": "2015-11-04 07:40:01",
      "php_path": "/usr/bin/php",
      "allowed_themes": "redbasic",
      "sellpage": "",
      "prvkey": "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n",
      "directory_server": "https://red.zottel.red",
      "curl_ssl_ciphers": "ALL:!eNULL",
      "db_version": "1158"
    },
    "config": {
      "config_loaded": true
    },
    "feature": {
      "config_loaded": true
    },
    "2": {
      "redbasic": {
        "schema": "dark",
        "comment_indent": "",
        "toolicon_activecolour": "",
        "item_colour": "",
        "nav_gradient_top": "",
        "nav_active_icon_colour": "",
        "nav_active_gradient_top": "",
        "top_photo": "",
        "converse_width": "",
        "nav_min_opacity": "",
        "body_font_size": "",
        "reply_photo": "",
        "background_colour": "",
        "radius": "",
        "nav_gradient_bottom": "",
        "toolicon_colour": "",
        "nav_active_gradient_bottom": "",
        "nav_icon_colour": "",
        "narrow_navbar": "",
        "nav_bg": "",
        "comment_item_colour": "",
        "config_loaded": true,
        "banner_colour": "",
        "comment_border_colour": "",
        "align_left": "",
        "font_size": "",
        "font_colour": "",
        "nav_bd": "",
        "photo_shadow": "",
        "background_image": "",
        "link_colour": ""
      },
      "system": {
        "network_list_mode": "0",
        "post_joingroup": "0",
        "channel_list_mode": "0",
        "title_tosource": "0",
        "blocktags": "0",
        "photo_path": "%Y-%m",
        "suggestme": "0",
        "autoperms": "0",
        "hide_presence": "0",
        "channel_divmore_height": "400",
        "network_divmore_height": "400",
        "post_profilechange": "0",
        "channel_menu": "",
        "always_show_in_notices": "0",
        "use_browser_location": "0",
        "update_interval": "80000",
        "itemspage": "20",
        "attach_path": "%Y-%m",
        "permissions_role": "social",
        "vnotify": "2047",
        "post_newfriend": "0",
        "config_loaded": true,
        "no_smilies": "0",
        "evdays": "3",
        "user_scalable": "1"
      }
    }
  },
  "layout": {
    "region_aside": "\n<div class="widget"><h3>Documentation</h3><ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked"><li><a href="help/general">Project/Site Information</a></li><li><a href="help/members">For Members</a></li><li><a href="help/admins">For Administrators</a></li><li><a href="help/develop">For Developers</a></li></ul></div>\n"
  },
  "is_sys": false,
  "content": null,
  "cid": null,
  "profile_uid": 0,
  "hooks": {
    "construct_page": [
      [
        "addon/converse/converse.php",
        "converse_content"
      ]
    ]
  },
  "strings": [],
  "js_sources": [
    "jquery.js",
    "library/justifiedGallery/jquery.justifiedGallery.min.js",
    "library/sprintf.js/dist/sprintf.min.js",
    "spin.js",
    "jquery.spin.js",
    "jquery.textinputs.js",
    "autocomplete.js",
    "library/jquery-textcomplete/jquery.textcomplete.js",
    "library/jquery.timeago.js",
    "library/readmore.js/readmore.js",
    "library/jgrowl/jquery.jgrowl_minimized.js",
    "library/cryptojs/components/core-min.js",
    "library/cryptojs/rollups/aes.js",
    "library/cryptojs/rollups/rabbit.js",
    "library/cryptojs/rollups/tripledes.js",
    "acl.js",
    "webtoolkit.base64.js",
    "main.js",
    "crypto.js",
    "library/jRange/jquery.range.js",
    "library/colorbox/jquery.colorbox-min.js",
    "library/jquery.AreYouSure/jquery.are-you-sure.js",
    "library/tableofcontents/jquery.toc.js",
    "library/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js",
    "library/bootbox/bootbox.min.js",
    "library/bootstrap-tagsinput/bootstrap-tagsinput.js",
    "library/datetimepicker/jquery.datetimepicker.js",
    "library/bootstrap-colorpicker/dist/js/bootstrap-colorpicker.js",
    "view/theme/redbasic/js/redbasic.js",
    "mod_help.js"
  ],
  "channel": {
    "channel_hash": "uRy0nF-urp6k_bFrkdtCc2EkBynwpgCJL_FQFoTwyw2Hep7AHkrSt1MZcHWV_8DQucNlHSY1vHgUNS2Fvoirpw",
    "channel_address": "testes",
    "channel_primary": "1",
    "channel_allow_gid": "",
    "xchan_deleted": "0",
    "xchan_connpage": "",
    "channel_r_storage": "1",
    "xchan_pubforum": "0",
    "channel_pubkey": "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----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\n6A1gbhD60G9/dAbolp8xAHkCAwEAAQ==\n-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\n",
    "xchan_flags": "0",
    "channel_allow_cid": "",
    "xchan_censored": "0",
    "channel_w_pages": "128",
    "xchan_instance_url": "",
    "xchan_photo_s": "http://hubzilla/photo/profile/s/2",
    "channel_w_stream": "128",
    "channel_timezone": "America/Los_Angeles",
    "xchan_pubkey": "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\nMIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA7MP/xxsq/srA8I7m+WKf\nHlguwwg0b1tz+I3o+djp7b+wF8q03XPKQpYmKfXIj47vpAOu75nKA4Tn90lLymmk\nSXUHogOqOMy1CHoaVrAw2T2/tAeRoMAjAJ5IxSOAM7Xda0nVUK6FmfxPcvftKf9y\nPmvvFadXpaHT4JGPH0tszDhGXLkqlt9xSkIkpsgMA6emj/7bacc6x8eTdtvzo2e5\n/NyPXvBKH4henmYaKjq/4aIYZcBWYVGt6onxaP2j1cSNbksnOY7GbJl+hy95iFoZ\nDWGxiFwQd+CroiBbdlpVGp13cV/WKp2spZzlzkmCRGYoNbbM5RlgFLnmyTa4XMZE\nwnA3ZUB59MsrUJK+0H/utiZrpX5NQcFl33z8k5zB3pPnhc5S5/P+UJZRnqhet1wQ\n7AZVmdP30D75QD8LZ4SytZ1DHn/N76EsVhSADNMnUfEphs708V33Z0gFWultYDoK\nlvXUf4O0/V8GTufFHb6XdAiy92IUzrormXCpXoOmdOcJdaH9RnotZi/DkuQ0zP+Y\nCvxU9nrjyZvAwAdew//XFDjw4HoThVM4k4jzkIhCTlCao/yRnNM7A/i3OKcXq9wU\n7OZqcRfM9o0BFpZTIoXB7BMtpeioJcBi/7FUaV9U9uYLFuLL0qWa1YxLwfsN9rDk\n6A1gbhD60G9/dAbolp8xAHkCAwEAAQ==\n-----END PUBLIC KEY-----\n",
    "channel_w_chat": "128",
    "xchan_connurl": "http://hubzilla/poco/testes",
    "channel_guid_sig": "XXX",
    "xchan_name_date": "2015-10-09 00:45:41",
    "channel_expire_days": "0",
    "xchan_system": "0",
    "xchan_photo_date": "2015-10-09 00:45:41",
    "channel_startpage": "",
    "channel_deny_gid": "",
    "channel_lastpost": "2015-10-09 02:53:23",
    "xchan_photo_m": "http://hubzilla/photo/profile/m/2",
    "channel_passwd_reset": "",
    "xchan_hidden": "0",
    "xchan_selfcensored": "0",
    "xchan_photo_mimetype": "image/jpeg",
    "channel_a_republish": "128",
    "channel_w_tagwall": "128",
    "channel_r_stream": "1",
    "channel_w_comment": "128",
    "channel_system": "0",
    "channel_w_mail": "128",
    "channel_pageflags": "0",
    "xchan_network": "zot",
    "channel_id": "2",
    "xchan_guid": "Ok-ycNKQYMzjokLnIz5OTCF8M5f4CtRT4vJCUeUivJhIOJWk3ORwIQgGx3P5g2Yz79KxQ-rs_Cn2G_jsgM6hmw",
    "channel_removed": "0",
    "channel_dirdate": "2015-10-09 00:46:00",
    "channel_w_storage": "128",
    "channel_w_photos": "0",
    "channel_prvkey": "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----------END PRIVATE KEY-----\n",
    "channel_guid": "Ok-ycNKQYMzjokLnIz5OTCF8M5f4CtRT4vJCUeUivJhIOJWk3ORwIQgGx3P5g2Yz79KxQ-rs_Cn2G_jsgM6hmw",
    "channel_max_friend_req": "0",
    "channel_w_wall": "128",
    "channel_r_abook": "1",
    "channel_max_anon_mail": "0",
    "channel_location": "",
    "channel_a_delegate": "128",
    "channel_deny_cid": "",
    "channel_r_profile": "1",
    "channel_name": "testes",
    "xchan_guid_sig": "XXX",
    "xchan_hash": "uRy0nF-urp6k_bFrkdtCc2EkBynwpgCJL_FQFoTwyw2Hep7AHkrSt1MZcHWV_8DQucNlHSY1vHgUNS2Fvoirpw",
    "channel_notifyflags": "703",
    "channel_theme": "redbasic",
    "channel_w_like": "2",
    "xchan_url": "http://hubzilla/channel/testes",
    "channel_default_group": "",
    "channel_r_photos": "0",
    "channel_account_id": "1",
    "xchan_addr": "testes@hubzilla",
    "channel_r_pages": "1",
    "channel_deleted": "0000-00-00 00:00:00",
    "xchan_orphan": "0",
    "xchan_follow": "http://hubzilla/follow?f=&url=%s",
    "xchan_name": "testes",
    "xchan_photo_l": "http://hubzilla/photo/profile/l/2"
  },
  "page": {
    "content": "<div id="help-content" class="generic-content-wrapper">\n\t<div class="section-title-wrapper">\n\t<h2>Hubzilla Documentation</h2>\n\t</div>\n\t<div class="section-content-wrapper">\n\t<h2>Documentation for Developers</h2><br /><br /><h3>Technical Documentation</h3><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/Zot---A-High-Level-Overview" target="_newwin" >A high level overview of Zot</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/zot" target="_newwin" >An introduction to Zot</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/zot_structures" target="_newwin" >Zot Stuctures</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/comanche" target="_newwin" >Comanche Page Descriptions</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/Creating-Templates" target="_newwin" >Creating Comanche Templates</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/Widgets" target="_newwin" >Widgets</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/plugins" target="_newwin" >Plugins</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/hooks" target="_newwin" >Hooks</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/doco" target="_newwin" >Contributing Documentation</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/DerivedTheme1" target="_newwin" >Creating Derivative Themes</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/schema_development" target="_newwin" >Schemas</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/Translations" target="_newwin" >Translations</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/developers" target="_newwin" >Developers</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/intro_for_developers" target="_newwin" >Intro for Developers</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/database" target="_newwin" >Database schema documentation</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/api_functions" target="_newwin" >API functions</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/api_posting" target="_newwin" >Posting to the red# using the API</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/developer_function_primer" target="_newwin" >Red Functions 101</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/doc/html/" target="_newwin" >Code Reference (Doxygen generated - sets cookies)</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/to_do_doco" target="_newwin" >To-Do list for the Red Documentation Project</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/to_do_code" target="_newwin" >To-Do list for Developers</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/roadmap" target="_newwin" >Version 3 roadmap</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/git_for_non_developers" target="_newwin" >Git for Non-Developers</a><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/dev_beginner" target="_newwin" >Step-for-step manual for beginning developers</a><br /><br /><h3>Frequently Asked Questions For Developers</h3><br /><a class="zrl" href="http://hubzilla/help/faq_developers" target="_newwin" >FAQ For Developers</a><br /><br /><h3>External Resources</h3><br /><br /><a href="https://zothub.com/channel/one" target="_newwin" >Development Channel</a><br /><a href="https://federated.social/channel/postgres" target="_newwin" >Postgres-specific Hubzilla Admin Support Channel</a><br />\n\t</div>\n</div>\n<script>var homebase = "http://hubzilla/channel/testes";</script>",
    "page_title": "help",
    "title": "Help: Develop",
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    "xchan_connurl": "http://hubzilla/poco/testes",
    "xchan_name_date": "2015-10-09 00:45:41",
    "xchan_system": "0",
    "xchan_photo_date": "2015-10-09 00:45:41",
    "xchan_photo_m": "http://hubzilla/photo/profile/m/2",
    "xchan_hidden": "0",
    "xchan_selfcensored": "0",
    "xchan_photo_mimetype": "image/jpeg",
    "xchan_network": "zot",
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    "xchan_url": "http://hubzilla/channel/testes",
    "xchan_addr": "testes@hubzilla",
    "xchan_orphan": "0",
    "xchan_follow": "http://hubzilla/follow?f=&url=%s",
    "xchan_name": "testes",
    "xchan_photo_l": "http://hubzilla/photo/profile/l/2"
  },
  "contact": null,
  "identities": null,
  "user": null,
  "videoheight": 350,
  "profile": null,
  "theme_thread_allow": true,
  "data": {
    "pageicon": "/images/hz-32.png"
  }
}[/code]


#include doc/macros/main_footer.bb;