module ActiveRecord module Sanitization extend ActiveSupport::Concern module ClassMethods def quote_value(value, column) #:nodoc: connection.quote(value, column) end # Used to sanitize objects before they're used in an SQL SELECT statement. Delegates to connection.quote. def sanitize(object) #:nodoc: connection.quote(object) end protected # Accepts an array, hash, or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes # them into a valid SQL fragment for a WHERE clause. # ["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4] returns "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'" # { name: "foo'bar", group_id: 4 } returns "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'" # "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'" returns "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'" def sanitize_sql_for_conditions(condition, table_name = self.table_name) return nil if condition.blank? case condition when Array; sanitize_sql_array(condition) when Hash; sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions(condition, table_name) else condition end end alias_method :sanitize_sql, :sanitize_sql_for_conditions alias_method :sanitize_conditions, :sanitize_sql # Accepts an array, hash, or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes # them into a valid SQL fragment for a SET clause. # { name: nil, group_id: 4 } returns "name = NULL , group_id='4'" def sanitize_sql_for_assignment(assignments, default_table_name = self.table_name) case assignments when Array; sanitize_sql_array(assignments) when Hash; sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(assignments, default_table_name) else assignments end end # Accepts a hash of SQL conditions and replaces those attributes # that correspond to a +composed_of+ relationship with their expanded # aggregate attribute values. # Given: # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # composed_of :address, class_name: "Address", # mapping: [%w(address_street street), %w(address_city city)] # end # Then: # { address: Address.new("813 abc st.", "chicago") } # # => { address_street: "813 abc st.", address_city: "chicago" } def expand_hash_conditions_for_aggregates(attrs) expanded_attrs = {} attrs.each do |attr, value| if aggregation = reflect_on_aggregation(attr.to_sym) mapping = aggregation.mapping mapping.each do |field_attr, aggregate_attr| if mapping.size == 1 && !value.respond_to?(aggregate_attr) expanded_attrs[field_attr] = value else expanded_attrs[field_attr] = value.send(aggregate_attr) end end else expanded_attrs[attr] = value end end expanded_attrs end # Sanitizes a hash of attribute/value pairs into SQL conditions for a WHERE clause. # { name: "foo'bar", group_id: 4 } # # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id= 4" # { status: nil, group_id: [1,2,3] } # # => "status IS NULL and group_id IN (1,2,3)" # { age: 13..18 } # # => "age BETWEEN 13 AND 18" # { 'other_records.id' => 7 } # # => "`other_records`.`id` = 7" # { other_records: { id: 7 } } # # => "`other_records`.`id` = 7" # And for value objects on a composed_of relationship: # { address: Address.new("123 abc st.", "chicago") } # # => "address_street='123 abc st.' and address_city='chicago'" def sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions(attrs, default_table_name = self.table_name) table = Arel::Table.new(table_name).alias(default_table_name) predicate_builder = PredicateBuilder.new(TableMetadata.new(self, table)) ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-EOWARN) sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions is deprecated, and will be removed in Rails 5.0 EOWARN attrs = predicate_builder.resolve_column_aliases(attrs) attrs = expand_hash_conditions_for_aggregates(attrs) predicate_builder.build_from_hash(attrs).map { |b| connection.visitor.compile b }.join(' AND ') end alias_method :sanitize_sql_hash, :sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions # Sanitizes a hash of attribute/value pairs into SQL conditions for a SET clause. # { status: nil, group_id: 1 } # # => "status = NULL , group_id = 1" def sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(attrs, table) c = connection attrs.map do |attr, value| value = type_for_attribute(attr.to_s).type_cast_for_database(value) "#{c.quote_table_name_for_assignment(table, attr)} = #{c.quote(value)}" end.join(', ') end # Sanitizes a +string+ so that it is safe to use within an SQL # LIKE statement. This method uses +escape_character+ to escape all occurrences of "\", "_" and "%" def sanitize_sql_like(string, escape_character = "\\") pattern = Regexp.union(escape_character, "%", "_") string.gsub(pattern) { |x| [escape_character, x].join } end # Accepts an array of conditions. The array has each value # sanitized and interpolated into the SQL statement. # ["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4] returns "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'" def sanitize_sql_array(ary) statement, *values = ary if values.first.is_a?(Hash) && statement =~ /:\w+/ replace_named_bind_variables(statement, values.first) elsif statement.include?('?') replace_bind_variables(statement, values) elsif statement.blank? statement else statement % values.collect { |value| connection.quote_string(value.to_s) } end end def replace_bind_variables(statement, values) #:nodoc: raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, statement.count('?'), values.size) bound = values.dup c = connection statement.gsub(/\?/) do replace_bind_variable(bound.shift, c) end end def replace_bind_variable(value, c = connection) #:nodoc: if ActiveRecord::Relation === value value.to_sql else quote_bound_value(value, c) end end def replace_named_bind_variables(statement, bind_vars) #:nodoc: statement.gsub(/(:?):([a-zA-Z]\w*)/) do if $1 == ':' # skip postgresql casts $& # return the whole match elsif bind_vars.include?(match = $2.to_sym) replace_bind_variable(bind_vars[match]) else raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "missing value for :#{match} in #{statement}" end end end def quote_bound_value(value, c = connection) #:nodoc: if value.respond_to?(:map) && !value.acts_like?(:string) if value.respond_to?(:empty?) && value.empty? c.quote(nil) else value.map { |v| c.quote(v) }.join(',') end else c.quote(value) end end def raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, expected, provided) #:nodoc: unless expected == provided raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "wrong number of bind variables (#{provided} for #{expected}) in: #{statement}" end end end # TODO: Deprecate this def quoted_id self.class.quote_value(id, column_for_attribute(self.class.primary_key)) end end end