require "pathname"
require "active_support/core_ext/class"
require "active_support/core_ext/io"
require "active_support/core_ext/string/starts_ends_with"
require "action_view/template"

module ActionView
  # = Action View Resolver
  class Resolver
    # Keeps all information about view path and builds virtual path.
    class Path < String
      attr_reader :name, :prefix, :partial, :virtual
      alias_method :partial?, :partial

      def self.build(name, prefix, partial)
        virtual = ""
        virtual << "#{prefix}/" unless prefix.empty?
        virtual << (partial ? "_#{name}" : name)
        new name, prefix, partial, virtual
      end

      def initialize(name, prefix, partial, virtual)
        @name, @prefix, @partial = name, prefix, partial
        super(virtual)
      end
    end

    cattr_accessor :caching
    self.caching = true

    class << self
      alias :caching? :caching
    end

    def initialize
      @cached = Hash.new { |h1,k1| h1[k1] = Hash.new { |h2,k2|
        h2[k2] = Hash.new { |h3,k3| h3[k3] = Hash.new { |h4,k4| h4[k4] = {} } } } }
    end

    def clear_cache
      @cached.clear
    end

    # Normalizes the arguments and passes it on to find_template.
    def find_all(name, prefix=nil, partial=false, details={}, key=nil, locals=[])
      cached(key, [name, prefix, partial], details, locals) do
        find_templates(name, prefix, partial, details, false)
      end
    end

    def find_all_anywhere(name, prefix, partial=false, details={}, key=nil, locals=[])
      cached(key, [name, prefix, partial], details, locals) do
        find_templates(name, prefix, partial, details, true)
      end
    end

  private

    delegate :caching?, :to => "self.class"

    # This is what child classes implement. No defaults are needed
    # because Resolver guarantees that the arguments are present and
    # normalized.
    def find_templates(name, prefix, partial, details, outside_app_allowed = false)
      raise NotImplementedError, "Subclasses must implement a find_templates(name, prefix, partial, details, outside_app_allowed) method"
    end

    # Helpers that builds a path. Useful for building virtual paths.
    def build_path(name, prefix, partial)
      Path.build(name, prefix, partial)
    end

    # Handles templates caching. If a key is given and caching is on
    # always check the cache before hitting the resolver. Otherwise,
    # it always hits the resolver but check if the resolver is fresher
    # before returning it.
    def cached(key, path_info, details, locals) #:nodoc:
      name, prefix, partial = path_info
      locals = locals.map { |x| x.to_s }.sort!

      if key && caching?
        @cached[key][name][prefix][partial][locals] ||= decorate(yield, path_info, details, locals)
      else
        fresh = decorate(yield, path_info, details, locals)
        return fresh unless key

        scope = @cached[key][name][prefix][partial]
        cache = scope[locals]
        mtime = cache && cache.map(&:updated_at).max

        if !mtime || fresh.empty?  || fresh.any? { |t| t.updated_at > mtime }
          scope[locals] = fresh
        else
          cache
        end
      end
    end

    # Ensures all the resolver information is set in the template.
    def decorate(templates, path_info, details, locals) #:nodoc:
      cached = nil
      templates.each do |t|
        t.locals         = locals
        t.formats        = details[:formats] || [:html] if t.formats.empty?
        t.virtual_path ||= (cached ||= build_path(*path_info))
      end
    end
  end

  # An abstract class that implements a Resolver with path semantics.
  class PathResolver < Resolver #:nodoc:
    EXTENSIONS = [:locale, :formats, :handlers]
    DEFAULT_PATTERN = ":prefix/:action{.:locale,}{.:formats,}{.:handlers,}"

    def initialize(pattern=nil)
      @pattern = pattern || DEFAULT_PATTERN
      super()
    end

    cattr_accessor :instance_reader => false, :instance_writer => false

    private

    def find_templates(name, prefix, partial, details, outside_app_allowed = false)
      path = Path.build(name, prefix, partial)
      query(path, details, details[:formats], outside_app_allowed)
    end

    def query(path, details, formats, outside_app_allowed)
      query = build_query(path, details)

      template_paths = find_template_paths query

      template_paths = reject_files_external_to_app(template_paths) unless outside_app_allowed

      template_paths.map { |template|
        handler, format = extract_handler_and_format(template, formats)
        contents = File.binread template

        Template.new(contents, File.expand_path(template), handler,
          :virtual_path => path.virtual,
          :format       => format,
          :updated_at   => mtime(template))
      }
    end

    def reject_files_external_to_app(files)
      files.reject { |filename| !inside_path?(@path, filename) }
    end

    if RUBY_VERSION >= '2.2.0'
      def find_template_paths(query)
        Dir[query].reject { |filename|
          File.directory?(filename) ||
            # deals with case-insensitive file systems.
            !File.fnmatch(query, filename, File::FNM_EXTGLOB)
        }
      end
    else
      def find_template_paths(query)
        # deals with case-insensitive file systems.
        sanitizer = Hash.new { |h,dir| h[dir] = Dir["#{dir}/*"] }

        Dir[query].reject { |filename|
          File.directory?(filename) ||
            !sanitizer[File.dirname(filename)].include?(filename)
        }
      end
    end

    def inside_path?(path, filename)
      filename = File.expand_path(filename)
      path = File.join(path, '')
      filename.start_with?(path)
    end

    # Helper for building query glob string based on resolver's pattern.
    def build_query(path, details)
      query = @pattern.dup

      prefix = path.prefix.empty? ? "" : "#{escape_entry(path.prefix)}\\1"
      query.gsub!(/\:prefix(\/)?/, prefix)

      partial = escape_entry(path.partial? ? "_#{path.name}" : path.name)
      query.gsub!(/\:action/, partial)

      details.each do |ext, variants|
        query.gsub!(/\:#{ext}/, "{#{variants.compact.uniq.join(',')}}")
      end

      File.expand_path(query, @path)
    end

    def escape_entry(entry)
      entry.gsub(/[*?{}\[\]]/, '\\\\\\&')
    end

    # Returns the file mtime from the filesystem.
    def mtime(p)
      File.mtime(p)
    end

    # Extract handler and formats from path. If a format cannot be a found neither
    # from the path, or the handler, we should return the array of formats given
    # to the resolver.
    def extract_handler_and_format(path, default_formats)
      pieces = File.basename(path).split(".")
      pieces.shift
      handler = Template.handler_for_extension(pieces.pop)
      format  = pieces.last && Mime[pieces.last]
      [handler, format]
    end
  end

  # A resolver that loads files from the filesystem. It allows to set your own
  # resolving pattern. Such pattern can be a glob string supported by some variables.
  #
  # ==== Examples
  #
  # Default pattern, loads views the same way as previous versions of rails, eg. when you're
  # looking for `users/new` it will produce query glob: `users/new{.{en},}{.{html,js},}{.{erb,haml},}`
  #
  #   FileSystemResolver.new("/path/to/views", ":prefix/:action{.:locale,}{.:formats,}{.:handlers,}")
  #
  # This one allows you to keep files with different formats in seperated subdirectories,
  # eg. `users/new.html` will be loaded from `users/html/new.erb` or `users/new.html.erb`,
  # `users/new.js` from `users/js/new.erb` or `users/new.js.erb`, etc.
  #
  #   FileSystemResolver.new("/path/to/views", ":prefix/{:formats/,}:action{.:locale,}{.:formats,}{.:handlers,}")
  #
  # If you don't specify pattern then the default will be used.
  #
  # In order to use any of the customized resolvers above in a Rails application, you just need
  # to configure ActionController::Base.view_paths in an initializer, for example:
  #
  #   ActionController::Base.view_paths = FileSystemResolver.new(
  #     Rails.root.join("app/views"),
  #     ":prefix{/:locale}/:action{.:formats,}{.:handlers,}"
  #   )
  #
  # ==== Pattern format and variables
  #
  # Pattern have to be a valid glob string, and it allows you to use the
  # following variables:
  #
  # * <tt>:prefix</tt> - usualy the controller path
  # * <tt>:action</tt> - name of the action
  # * <tt>:locale</tt> - possible locale versions
  # * <tt>:formats</tt> - possible request formats (for example html, json, xml...)
  # * <tt>:handlers</tt> - possible handlers (for example erb, haml, builder...)
  #
  class FileSystemResolver < PathResolver
    def initialize(path, pattern=nil)
      raise ArgumentError, "path already is a Resolver class" if path.is_a?(Resolver)
      super(pattern)
      @path = File.expand_path(path)
    end

    def to_s
      @path.to_s
    end
    alias :to_path :to_s

    def eql?(resolver)
      self.class.equal?(resolver.class) && to_path == resolver.to_path
    end
    alias :== :eql?
  end

  # An Optimized resolver for Rails' most common case.
  class OptimizedFileSystemResolver < FileSystemResolver #:nodoc:
    def build_query(path, details)
      exts = EXTENSIONS.map { |ext| details[ext] }

      if path.to_s.starts_with? @path.to_s
        query = escape_entry(path)
      else
        query = escape_entry(File.join(@path, path))
      end

      query + exts.map { |ext|
        "{#{ext.compact.uniq.map { |e| ".#{e}," }.join}}"
      }.join
    end
  end

  # The same as FileSystemResolver but does not allow templates to store
  # a virtual path since it is invalid for such resolvers.
  class FallbackFileSystemResolver < FileSystemResolver #:nodoc:
    def self.instances
      [new(""), new("/")]
    end

    def decorate(*)
      super.each { |t| t.virtual_path = nil }
    end
  end
end