require 'cgi' require 'action_view/helpers/date_helper' require 'action_view/helpers/tag_helper' require 'action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper' require 'action_view/helpers/active_model_helper' require 'action_view/helpers/tags' require 'action_view/model_naming' require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute_accessors' require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/slice' require 'active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety' require 'active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options' require 'active_support/core_ext/string/inflections' module ActionView # = Action View Form Helpers module Helpers # Form helpers are designed to make working with resources much easier # compared to using vanilla HTML. # # Typically, a form designed to create or update a resource reflects the # identity of the resource in several ways: (i) the url that the form is # sent to (the form element's +action+ attribute) should result in a request # being routed to the appropriate controller action (with the appropriate :id # parameter in the case of an existing resource), (ii) input fields should # be named in such a way that in the controller their values appear in the # appropriate places within the +params+ hash, and (iii) for an existing record, # when the form is initially displayed, input fields corresponding to attributes # of the resource should show the current values of those attributes. # # In Rails, this is usually achieved by creating the form using +form_for+ and # a number of related helper methods. +form_for+ generates an appropriate form # tag and yields a form builder object that knows the model the form is about. # Input fields are created by calling methods defined on the form builder, which # means they are able to generate the appropriate names and default values # corresponding to the model attributes, as well as convenient IDs, etc. # Conventions in the generated field names allow controllers to receive form data # nicely structured in +params+ with no effort on your side. # # For example, to create a new person you typically set up a new instance of # +Person+ in the PeopleController#new action, @person, and # in the view template pass that object to +form_for+: # # <%= form_for @person do |f| %> # <%= f.label :first_name %>: # <%= f.text_field :first_name %>
# # <%= f.label :last_name %>: # <%= f.text_field :last_name %>
# # <%= f.submit %> # <% end %> # # The HTML generated for this would be (modulus formatting): # #
#
# #
# : #
# # : #
# # #
# # As you see, the HTML reflects knowledge about the resource in several spots, # like the path the form should be submitted to, or the names of the input fields. # # In particular, thanks to the conventions followed in the generated field names, the # controller gets a nested hash params[:person] with the person attributes # set in the form. That hash is ready to be passed to Person.create: # # if @person = Person.create(params[:person]) # # success # else # # error handling # end # # Interestingly, the exact same view code in the previous example can be used to edit # a person. If @person is an existing record with name "John Smith" and ID 256, # the code above as is would yield instead: # #
#
# # #
# : #
# # : #
# # #
# # Note that the endpoint, default values, and submit button label are tailored for @person. # That works that way because the involved helpers know whether the resource is a new record or not, # and generate HTML accordingly. # # The controller would receive the form data again in params[:person], ready to be # passed to Person#update_attributes: # # if @person.update_attributes(params[:person]) # # success # else # # error handling # end # # That's how you typically work with resources. module FormHelper extend ActiveSupport::Concern include FormTagHelper include UrlHelper include ModelNaming # Creates a form that allows the user to create or update the attributes # of a specific model object. # # The method can be used in several slightly different ways, depending on # how much you wish to rely on Rails to infer automatically from the model # how the form should be constructed. For a generic model object, a form # can be created by passing +form_for+ a string or symbol representing # the object we are concerned with: # # <%= form_for :person do |f| %> # First name: <%= f.text_field :first_name %>
# Last name : <%= f.text_field :last_name %>
# Biography : <%= f.text_area :biography %>
# Admin? : <%= f.check_box :admin %>
# <%= f.submit %> # <% end %> # # The variable +f+ yielded to the block is a FormBuilder object that # incorporates the knowledge about the model object represented by # :person passed to +form_for+. Methods defined on the FormBuilder # are used to generate fields bound to this model. Thus, for example, # # <%= f.text_field :first_name %> # # will get expanded to # # <%= text_field :person, :first_name %> # which results in an html tag whose +name+ attribute is # person[first_name]. This means that when the form is submitted, # the value entered by the user will be available in the controller as # params[:person][:first_name]. # # For fields generated in this way using the FormBuilder, # if :person also happens to be the name of an instance variable # @person, the default value of the field shown when the form is # initially displayed (e.g. in the situation where you are editing an # existing record) will be the value of the corresponding attribute of # @person. # # The rightmost argument to +form_for+ is an # optional hash of options - # # * :url - The URL the form is to be submitted to. This may be # represented in the same way as values passed to +url_for+ or +link_to+. # So for example you may use a named route directly. When the model is # represented by a string or symbol, as in the example above, if the # :url option is not specified, by default the form will be # sent back to the current url (We will describe below an alternative # resource-oriented usage of +form_for+ in which the URL does not need # to be specified explicitly). # * :namespace - A namespace for your form to ensure uniqueness of # id attributes on form elements. The namespace attribute will be prefixed # with underscore on the generated HTML id. # * :html - Optional HTML attributes for the form tag. # # Also note that +form_for+ doesn't create an exclusive scope. It's still # possible to use both the stand-alone FormHelper methods and methods # from FormTagHelper. For example: # # <%= form_for :person do |f| %> # First name: <%= f.text_field :first_name %> # Last name : <%= f.text_field :last_name %> # Biography : <%= text_area :person, :biography %> # Admin? : <%= check_box_tag "person[admin]", "1", @person.company.admin? %> # <%= f.submit %> # <% end %> # # This also works for the methods in FormOptionHelper and DateHelper that # are designed to work with an object as base, like # FormOptionHelper#collection_select and DateHelper#datetime_select. # # === #form_for with a model object # # In the examples above, the object to be created or edited was # represented by a symbol passed to +form_for+, and we noted that # a string can also be used equivalently. It is also possible, however, # to pass a model object itself to +form_for+. For example, if @post # is an existing record you wish to edit, you can create the form using # # <%= form_for @post do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # This behaves in almost the same way as outlined previously, with a # couple of small exceptions. First, the prefix used to name the input # elements within the form (hence the key that denotes them in the +params+ # hash) is actually derived from the object's _class_, e.g. params[:post] # if the object's class is +Post+. However, this can be overwritten using # the :as option, e.g. - # # <%= form_for(@person, as: :client) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # would result in params[:client]. # # Secondly, the field values shown when the form is initially displayed # are taken from the attributes of the object passed to +form_for+, # regardless of whether the object is an instance # variable. So, for example, if we had a _local_ variable +post+ # representing an existing record, # # <%= form_for post do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # would produce a form with fields whose initial state reflect the current # values of the attributes of +post+. # # === Resource-oriented style # # In the examples just shown, although not indicated explicitly, we still # need to use the :url option in order to specify where the # form is going to be sent. However, further simplification is possible # if the record passed to +form_for+ is a _resource_, i.e. it corresponds # to a set of RESTful routes, e.g. defined using the +resources+ method # in config/routes.rb. In this case Rails will simply infer the # appropriate URL from the record itself. For example, # # <%= form_for @post do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # is then equivalent to something like: # # <%= form_for @post, as: :post, url: post_path(@post), method: :put, html: { class: "edit_post", id: "edit_post_45" } do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # And for a new record # # <%= form_for(Post.new) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # is equivalent to something like: # # <%= form_for @post, as: :post, url: posts_path, html: { class: "new_post", id: "new_post" } do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # However you can still overwrite individual conventions, such as: # # <%= form_for(@post, url: super_posts_path) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # You can also set the answer format, like this: # # <%= form_for(@post, format: :json) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # For namespaced routes, like +admin_post_url+: # # <%= form_for([:admin, @post]) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # If your resource has associations defined, for example, you want to add comments # to the document given that the routes are set correctly: # # <%= form_for([@document, @comment]) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # Where @document = Document.find(params[:id]) and # @comment = Comment.new. # # === Setting the method # # You can force the form to use the full array of HTTP verbs by setting # # method: (:get|:post|:patch|:put|:delete) # # in the options hash. If the verb is not GET or POST, which are natively # supported by HTML forms, the form will be set to POST and a hidden input # called _method will carry the intended verb for the server to interpret. # # === Unobtrusive JavaScript # # Specifying: # # remote: true # # in the options hash creates a form that will allow the unobtrusive JavaScript drivers to modify its # behavior. The expected default behavior is an XMLHttpRequest in the background instead of the regular # POST arrangement, but ultimately the behavior is the choice of the JavaScript driver implementor. # Even though it's using JavaScript to serialize the form elements, the form submission will work just like # a regular submission as viewed by the receiving side (all elements available in params). # # Example: # # <%= form_for(@post, remote: true) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # The HTML generated for this would be: # #
#
# #
# ... #
# # === Setting HTML options # # You can set data attributes directly by passing in a data hash, but all other HTML options must be wrapped in # the HTML key. Example: # # <%= form_for(@post, data: { behavior: "autosave" }, html: { name: "go" }) do |f| %> # ... # <% end %> # # The HTML generated for this would be: # #
#
# #
# ... #
# # === Removing hidden model id's # # The form_for method automatically includes the model id as a hidden field in the form. # This is used to maintain the correlation between the form data and its associated model. # Some ORM systems do not use IDs on nested models so in this case you want to be able # to disable the hidden id. # # In the following example the Post model has many Comments stored within it in a NoSQL database, # thus there is no primary key for comments. # # Example: # # <%= form_for(@post) do |f| %> # <%= f.fields_for(:comments, include_id: false) do |cf| %> # ... # <% end %> # <% end %> # # === Customized form builders # # You can also build forms using a customized FormBuilder class. Subclass # FormBuilder and override or define some more helpers, then use your # custom builder. For example, let's say you made a helper to # automatically add labels to form inputs. # # <%= form_for @person, url: { action: "create" }, builder: LabellingFormBuilder do |f| %> # <%= f.text_field :first_name %> # <%= f.text_field :last_name %> # <%= f.text_area :biography %> # <%= f.check_box :admin %> # <%= f.submit %> # <% end %> # # In this case, if you use this: # # <%= render f %> # # The rendered template is people/_labelling_form and the local # variable referencing the form builder is called # labelling_form. # # The custom FormBuilder class is automatically merged with the options # of a nested fields_for call, unless it's explicitly set. # # In many cases you will want to wrap the above in another helper, so you # could do something like the following: # # def labelled_form_for(record_or_name_or_array, *args, &proc) # options = args.extract_options! # form_for(record_or_name_or_array, *(args << options.merge(builder: LabellingFormBuilder)), &proc) # end # # If you don't need to attach a form to a model instance, then check out # FormTagHelper#form_tag. # # === Form to external resources # # When you build forms to external resources sometimes you need to set an authenticity token or just render a form # without it, for example when you submit data to a payment gateway number and types of fields could be limited. # # To set an authenticity token you need to pass an :authenticity_token parameter # # <%= form_for @invoice, url: external_url, authenticity_token: 'external_token' do |f| # ... # <% end %> # # If you don't want to an authenticity token field be rendered at all just pass false: # # <%= form_for @invoice, url: external_url, authenticity_token: false do |f| # ... # <% end %> def form_for(record, options = {}, &proc) raise ArgumentError, "Missing block" unless block_given? options[:html] ||= {} case record when String, Symbol object_name = record object = nil else object = record.is_a?(Array) ? record.last : record raise ArgumentError, "First argument in form cannot contain nil or be empty" unless object object_name = options[:as] || model_name_from_record_or_class(object).param_key apply_form_for_options!(record, object, options) end options[:html][:data] = options.delete(:data) if options.has_key?(:data) options[:html][:remote] = options.delete(:remote) if options.has_key?(:remote) options[:html][:method] = options.delete(:method) if options.has_key?(:method) options[:html][:authenticity_token] = options.delete(:authenticity_token) builder = options[:parent_builder] = instantiate_builder(object_name, object, options) fields_for = fields_for(object_name, object, options, &proc) default_options = builder.multipart? ? { multipart: true } : {} default_options.merge!(options.delete(:html)) form_tag(options.delete(:url) || {}, default_options) { fields_for } end def apply_form_for_options!(record, object, options) #:nodoc: object = convert_to_model(object) as = options[:as] action, method = object.respond_to?(:persisted?) && object.persisted? ? [:edit, :patch] : [:new, :post] options[:html].reverse_merge!( class: as ? "#{action}_#{as}" : dom_class(object, action), id: as ? "#{action}_#{as}" : [options[:namespace], dom_id(object, action)].compact.join("_").presence, method: method ) options[:url] ||= polymorphic_path(record, format: options.delete(:format)) end private :apply_form_for_options! # Creates a scope around a specific model object like form_for, but # doesn't create the form tags themselves. This makes fields_for suitable # for specifying additional model objects in the same form. # # Although the usage and purpose of +field_for+ is similar to +form_for+'s, # its method signature is slightly different. Like +form_for+, it yields # a FormBuilder object associated with a particular model object to a block, # and within the block allows methods to be called on the builder to # generate fields associated with the model object. Fields may reflect # a model object in two ways - how they are named (hence how submitted # values appear within the +params+ hash in the controller) and what # default values are shown when the form the fields appear in is first # displayed. In order for both of these features to be specified independently, # both an object name (represented by either a symbol or string) and the # object itself can be passed to the method separately - # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # First name: <%= person_form.text_field :first_name %> # Last name : <%= person_form.text_field :last_name %> # # <%= fields_for :permission, @person.permission do |permission_fields| %> # Admin? : <%= permission_fields.check_box :admin %> # <% end %> # # <%= f.submit %> # <% end %> # # In this case, the checkbox field will be represented by an HTML +input+ # tag with the +name+ attribute permission[admin], and the submitted # value will appear in the controller as params[:permission][:admin]. # If @person.permission is an existing record with an attribute # +admin+, the initial state of the checkbox when first displayed will # reflect the value of @person.permission.admin. # # Often this can be simplified by passing just the name of the model # object to +fields_for+ - # # <%= fields_for :permission do |permission_fields| %> # Admin?: <%= permission_fields.check_box :admin %> # <% end %> # # ...in which case, if :permission also happens to be the name of an # instance variable @permission, the initial state of the input # field will reflect the value of that variable's attribute @permission.admin. # # Alternatively, you can pass just the model object itself (if the first # argument isn't a string or symbol +fields_for+ will realize that the # name has been omitted) - # # <%= fields_for @person.permission do |permission_fields| %> # Admin?: <%= permission_fields.check_box :admin %> # <% end %> # # and +fields_for+ will derive the required name of the field from the # _class_ of the model object, e.g. if @person.permission, is # of class +Permission+, the field will still be named permission[admin]. # # Note: This also works for the methods in FormOptionHelper and # DateHelper that are designed to work with an object as base, like # FormOptionHelper#collection_select and DateHelper#datetime_select. # # === Nested Attributes Examples # # When the object belonging to the current scope has a nested attribute # writer for a certain attribute, fields_for will yield a new scope # for that attribute. This allows you to create forms that set or change # the attributes of a parent object and its associations in one go. # # Nested attribute writers are normal setter methods named after an # association. The most common way of defining these writers is either # with +accepts_nested_attributes_for+ in a model definition or by # defining a method with the proper name. For example: the attribute # writer for the association :address is called # address_attributes=. # # Whether a one-to-one or one-to-many style form builder will be yielded # depends on whether the normal reader method returns a _single_ object # or an _array_ of objects. # # ==== One-to-one # # Consider a Person class which returns a _single_ Address from the # address reader method and responds to the # address_attributes= writer method: # # class Person # def address # @address # end # # def address_attributes=(attributes) # # Process the attributes hash # end # end # # This model can now be used with a nested fields_for, like so: # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # ... # <%= person_form.fields_for :address do |address_fields| %> # Street : <%= address_fields.text_field :street %> # Zip code: <%= address_fields.text_field :zip_code %> # <% end %> # ... # <% end %> # # When address is already an association on a Person you can use # +accepts_nested_attributes_for+ to define the writer method for you: # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_one :address # accepts_nested_attributes_for :address # end # # If you want to destroy the associated model through the form, you have # to enable it first using the :allow_destroy option for # +accepts_nested_attributes_for+: # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_one :address # accepts_nested_attributes_for :address, allow_destroy: true # end # # Now, when you use a form element with the _destroy parameter, # with a value that evaluates to +true+, you will destroy the associated # model (eg. 1, '1', true, or 'true'): # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # ... # <%= person_form.fields_for :address do |address_fields| %> # ... # Delete: <%= address_fields.check_box :_destroy %> # <% end %> # ... # <% end %> # # ==== One-to-many # # Consider a Person class which returns an _array_ of Project instances # from the projects reader method and responds to the # projects_attributes= writer method: # # class Person # def projects # [@project1, @project2] # end # # def projects_attributes=(attributes) # # Process the attributes hash # end # end # # Note that the projects_attributes= writer method is in fact # required for fields_for to correctly identify :projects as a # collection, and the correct indices to be set in the form markup. # # When projects is already an association on Person you can use # +accepts_nested_attributes_for+ to define the writer method for you: # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :projects # accepts_nested_attributes_for :projects # end # # This model can now be used with a nested fields_for. The block given to # the nested fields_for call will be repeated for each instance in the # collection: # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # ... # <%= person_form.fields_for :projects do |project_fields| %> # <% if project_fields.object.active? %> # Name: <%= project_fields.text_field :name %> # <% end %> # <% end %> # ... # <% end %> # # It's also possible to specify the instance to be used: # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # ... # <% @person.projects.each do |project| %> # <% if project.active? %> # <%= person_form.fields_for :projects, project do |project_fields| %> # Name: <%= project_fields.text_field :name %> # <% end %> # <% end %> # <% end %> # ... # <% end %> # # Or a collection to be used: # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # ... # <%= person_form.fields_for :projects, @active_projects do |project_fields| %> # Name: <%= project_fields.text_field :name %> # <% end %> # ... # <% end %> # # When projects is already an association on Person you can use # +accepts_nested_attributes_for+ to define the writer method for you: # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :projects # accepts_nested_attributes_for :projects # end # # If you want to destroy any of the associated models through the # form, you have to enable it first using the :allow_destroy # option for +accepts_nested_attributes_for+: # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :projects # accepts_nested_attributes_for :projects, allow_destroy: true # end # # This will allow you to specify which models to destroy in the # attributes hash by adding a form element for the _destroy # parameter with a value that evaluates to +true+ # (eg. 1, '1', true, or 'true'): # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # ... # <%= person_form.fields_for :projects do |project_fields| %> # Delete: <%= project_fields.check_box :_destroy %> # <% end %> # ... # <% end %> # # When a collection is used you might want to know the index of each # object into the array. For this purpose, the index method # is available in the FormBuilder object. # # <%= form_for @person do |person_form| %> # ... # <%= person_form.fields_for :projects do |project_fields| %> # Project #<%= project_fields.index %> # ... # <% end %> # ... # <% end %> # # Note that fields_for will automatically generate a hidden field # to store the ID of the record. There are circumstances where this # hidden field is not needed and you can pass hidden_field_id: false # to prevent fields_for from rendering it automatically. def fields_for(record_name, record_object = nil, options = {}, &block) builder = instantiate_builder(record_name, record_object, options) output = capture(builder, &block) output.concat builder.hidden_field(:id) if output && options[:hidden_field_id] && !builder.emitted_hidden_id? output end # Returns a label tag tailored for labelling an input field for a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object+). The text of label will default to the attribute name unless a translation # is found in the current I18n locale (through helpers.label..) or you specify it explicitly. # Additional options on the label tag can be passed as a hash with +options+. These options will be tagged # onto the HTML as an HTML element attribute as in the example shown, except for the :value option, which is designed to # target labels for radio_button tags (where the value is used in the ID of the input tag). # # ==== Examples # label(:post, :title) # # => # # You can localize your labels based on model and attribute names. # For example you can define the following in your locale (e.g. en.yml) # # helpers: # label: # post: # body: "Write your entire text here" # # Which then will result in # # label(:post, :body) # # => # # Localization can also be based purely on the translation of the attribute-name # (if you are using ActiveRecord): # # activerecord: # attributes: # post: # cost: "Total cost" # # label(:post, :cost) # # => # # label(:post, :title, "A short title") # # => # # label(:post, :title, "A short title", class: "title_label") # # => # # label(:post, :privacy, "Public Post", value: "public") # # => # # label(:post, :terms) do # 'Accept Terms.'.html_safe # end def label(object_name, method, content_or_options = nil, options = nil, &block) Tags::Label.new(object_name, method, self, content_or_options, options).render(&block) end # Returns an input tag of the "text" type tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object+). Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a # hash with +options+. These options will be tagged onto the HTML as an HTML element attribute as in the example # shown. # # ==== Examples # text_field(:post, :title, size: 20) # # => # # text_field(:post, :title, class: "create_input") # # => # # text_field(:session, :user, onchange: "if $('session[user]').value == 'admin' { alert('Your login can not be admin!'); }") # # => # # text_field(:snippet, :code, size: 20, class: 'code_input') # # => def text_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::TextField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns an input tag of the "password" type tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object+). Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a # hash with +options+. These options will be tagged onto the HTML as an HTML element attribute as in the example # shown. For security reasons this field is blank by default; pass in a value via +options+ if this is not desired. # # ==== Examples # password_field(:login, :pass, size: 20) # # => # # password_field(:account, :secret, class: "form_input", value: @account.secret) # # => # # password_field(:user, :password, onchange: "if $('user[password]').length > 30 { alert('Your password needs to be shorter!'); }") # # => # # password_field(:account, :pin, size: 20, class: 'form_input') # # => def password_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::PasswordField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a hidden input tag tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object+). Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a # hash with +options+. These options will be tagged onto the HTML as an HTML element attribute as in the example # shown. # # ==== Examples # hidden_field(:signup, :pass_confirm) # # => # # hidden_field(:post, :tag_list) # # => # # hidden_field(:user, :token) # # => def hidden_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::HiddenField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a file upload input tag tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object+). Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a # hash with +options+. These options will be tagged onto the HTML as an HTML element attribute as in the example # shown. # # Using this method inside a +form_for+ block will set the enclosing form's encoding to multipart/form-data. # # ==== Examples # file_field(:user, :avatar) # # => # # file_field(:post, :attached, accept: 'text/html') # # => # # file_field(:attachment, :file, class: 'file_input') # # => def file_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::FileField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a textarea opening and closing tag set tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) # on an object assigned to the template (identified by +object+). Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a # hash with +options+. # # ==== Examples # text_area(:post, :body, cols: 20, rows: 40) # # => # # text_area(:comment, :text, size: "20x30") # # => # # text_area(:application, :notes, cols: 40, rows: 15, class: 'app_input') # # => # # text_area(:entry, :body, size: "20x20", disabled: 'disabled') # # => def text_area(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::TextArea.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a checkbox tag tailored for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object+). This object must be an instance object (@object) and not a local object. # It's intended that +method+ returns an integer and if that integer is above zero, then the checkbox is checked. # Additional options on the input tag can be passed as a hash with +options+. The +checked_value+ defaults to 1 # while the default +unchecked_value+ is set to 0 which is convenient for boolean values. # # ==== Gotcha # # The HTML specification says unchecked check boxes are not successful, and # thus web browsers do not send them. Unfortunately this introduces a gotcha: # if an +Invoice+ model has a +paid+ flag, and in the form that edits a paid # invoice the user unchecks its check box, no +paid+ parameter is sent. So, # any mass-assignment idiom like # # @invoice.update_attributes(params[:invoice]) # # wouldn't update the flag. # # To prevent this the helper generates an auxiliary hidden field before # the very check box. The hidden field has the same name and its # attributes mimic an unchecked check box. # # This way, the client either sends only the hidden field (representing # the check box is unchecked), or both fields. Since the HTML specification # says key/value pairs have to be sent in the same order they appear in the # form, and parameters extraction gets the last occurrence of any repeated # key in the query string, that works for ordinary forms. # # Unfortunately that workaround does not work when the check box goes # within an array-like parameter, as in # # <%= fields_for "project[invoice_attributes][]", invoice, index: nil do |form| %> # <%= form.check_box :paid %> # ... # <% end %> # # because parameter name repetition is precisely what Rails seeks to distinguish # the elements of the array. For each item with a checked check box you # get an extra ghost item with only that attribute, assigned to "0". # # In that case it is preferable to either use +check_box_tag+ or to use # hashes instead of arrays. # # # Let's say that @post.validated? is 1: # check_box("post", "validated") # # => # # # # # Let's say that @puppy.gooddog is "no": # check_box("puppy", "gooddog", {}, "yes", "no") # # => # # # # check_box("eula", "accepted", { class: 'eula_check' }, "yes", "no") # # => # # def check_box(object_name, method, options = {}, checked_value = "1", unchecked_value = "0") Tags::CheckBox.new(object_name, method, self, checked_value, unchecked_value, options).render end # Returns a radio button tag for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object+). If the current value of +method+ is +tag_value+ the # radio button will be checked. # # To force the radio button to be checked pass checked: true in the # +options+ hash. You may pass HTML options there as well. # # # Let's say that @post.category returns "rails": # radio_button("post", "category", "rails") # radio_button("post", "category", "java") # # => # # # # radio_button("user", "receive_newsletter", "yes") # radio_button("user", "receive_newsletter", "no") # # => # # def radio_button(object_name, method, tag_value, options = {}) Tags::RadioButton.new(object_name, method, self, tag_value, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "color". # # color_field("car", "color") # # => def color_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::ColorField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns an input of type "search" for accessing a specified attribute (identified by +method+) on an object # assigned to the template (identified by +object_name+). Inputs of type "search" may be styled differently by # some browsers. # # search_field(:user, :name) # # => # search_field(:user, :name, autosave: false) # # => # search_field(:user, :name, results: 3) # # => # # Assume request.host returns "www.example.com" # search_field(:user, :name, autosave: true) # # => # search_field(:user, :name, onsearch: true) # # => # search_field(:user, :name, autosave: false, onsearch: true) # # => # search_field(:user, :name, autosave: true, onsearch: true) # # => def search_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::SearchField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "tel". # # telephone_field("user", "phone") # # => # def telephone_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::TelField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # aliases telephone_field alias phone_field telephone_field # Returns a text_field of type "date". # # date_field("user", "born_on") # # => # # The default value is generated by trying to call "to_date" # on the object's value, which makes it behave as expected for instances # of DateTime and ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone. You can still override that # by passing the "value" option explicitly, e.g. # # @user.born_on = Date.new(1984, 1, 27) # date_field("user", "born_on", value: "1984-05-12") # # => # def date_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::DateField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "time". # # The default value is generated by trying to call +strftime+ with "%T.%L" # on the objects's value. It is still possible to override that # by passing the "value" option. # # === Options # * Accepts same options as time_field_tag # # === Example # time_field("task", "started_at") # # => # def time_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::TimeField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "datetime". # # datetime_field("user", "born_on") # # => # # The default value is generated by trying to call +strftime+ with "%Y-%m-%dT%T.%L%z" # on the object's value, which makes it behave as expected for instances # of DateTime and ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone. # # @user.born_on = Date.new(1984, 1, 12) # datetime_field("user", "born_on") # # => # def datetime_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::DatetimeField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "datetime-local". # # datetime_local_field("user", "born_on") # # => # # The default value is generated by trying to call +strftime+ with "%Y-%m-%dT%T" # on the object's value, which makes it behave as expected for instances # of DateTime and ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone. # # @user.born_on = Date.new(1984, 1, 12) # datetime_local_field("user", "born_on") # # => # def datetime_local_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::DatetimeLocalField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "month". # # month_field("user", "born_on") # # => # # The default value is generated by trying to call +strftime+ with "%Y-%m" # on the object's value, which makes it behave as expected for instances # of DateTime and ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone. # # @user.born_on = Date.new(1984, 1, 27) # month_field("user", "born_on") # # => # def month_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::MonthField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "week". # # week_field("user", "born_on") # # => # # The default value is generated by trying to call +strftime+ with "%Y-W%W" # on the object's value, which makes it behave as expected for instances # of DateTime and ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone. # # @user.born_on = Date.new(1984, 5, 12) # week_field("user", "born_on") # # => # def week_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::WeekField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "url". # # url_field("user", "homepage") # # => # def url_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::UrlField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns a text_field of type "email". # # email_field("user", "address") # # => # def email_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::EmailField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns an input tag of type "number". # # ==== Options # * Accepts same options as number_field_tag def number_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::NumberField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end # Returns an input tag of type "range". # # ==== Options # * Accepts same options as range_field_tag def range_field(object_name, method, options = {}) Tags::RangeField.new(object_name, method, self, options).render end private def instantiate_builder(record_name, record_object, options) case record_name when String, Symbol object = record_object object_name = record_name else object = record_name object_name = model_name_from_record_or_class(object).param_key end builder = options[:builder] || default_form_builder builder.new(object_name, object, self, options) end def default_form_builder builder = ActionView::Base.default_form_builder builder.respond_to?(:constantize) ? builder.constantize : builder end end class FormBuilder include ModelNaming # The methods which wrap a form helper call. class_attribute :field_helpers self.field_helpers = FormHelper.instance_methods - [:form_for, :convert_to_model, :model_name_from_record_or_class] attr_accessor :object_name, :object, :options attr_reader :multipart, :parent_builder, :index alias :multipart? :multipart def multipart=(multipart) @multipart = multipart parent_builder.multipart = multipart if parent_builder end def self._to_partial_path @_to_partial_path ||= name.demodulize.underscore.sub!(/_builder$/, '') end def to_partial_path self.class._to_partial_path end def to_model self end def initialize(object_name, object, template, options, block=nil) if block ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn "Giving a block to FormBuilder is deprecated and has no effect anymore." end @nested_child_index = {} @object_name, @object, @template, @options = object_name, object, template, options @parent_builder = options[:parent_builder] @default_options = @options ? @options.slice(:index, :namespace) : {} if @object_name.to_s.match(/\[\]$/) if object ||= @template.instance_variable_get("@#{Regexp.last_match.pre_match}") and object.respond_to?(:to_param) @auto_index = object.to_param else raise ArgumentError, "object[] naming but object param and @object var don't exist or don't respond to to_param: #{object.inspect}" end end @multipart = nil @index = options[:index] || options[:child_index] end (field_helpers - [:label, :check_box, :radio_button, :fields_for, :hidden_field, :file_field]).each do |selector| class_eval <<-RUBY_EVAL, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1 def #{selector}(method, options = {}) # def text_field(method, options = {}) @template.send( # @template.send( #{selector.inspect}, # "text_field", @object_name, # @object_name, method, # method, objectify_options(options)) # objectify_options(options)) end # end RUBY_EVAL end def fields_for(record_name, record_object = nil, fields_options = {}, &block) fields_options, record_object = record_object, nil if record_object.is_a?(Hash) && record_object.extractable_options? fields_options[:builder] ||= options[:builder] fields_options[:parent_builder] = self fields_options[:namespace] = options[:namespace] case record_name when String, Symbol if nested_attributes_association?(record_name) return fields_for_with_nested_attributes(record_name, record_object, fields_options, block) end else record_object = record_name.is_a?(Array) ? record_name.last : record_name record_name = model_name_from_record_or_class(record_object).param_key end index = if options.has_key?(:index) options[:index] elsif defined?(@auto_index) self.object_name = @object_name.to_s.sub(/\[\]$/,"") @auto_index end record_name = index ? "#{object_name}[#{index}][#{record_name}]" : "#{object_name}[#{record_name}]" fields_options[:child_index] = index @template.fields_for(record_name, record_object, fields_options, &block) end def label(method, text = nil, options = {}, &block) @template.label(@object_name, method, text, objectify_options(options), &block) end def check_box(method, options = {}, checked_value = "1", unchecked_value = "0") @template.check_box(@object_name, method, objectify_options(options), checked_value, unchecked_value) end def radio_button(method, tag_value, options = {}) @template.radio_button(@object_name, method, tag_value, objectify_options(options)) end def hidden_field(method, options = {}) @emitted_hidden_id = true if method == :id @template.hidden_field(@object_name, method, objectify_options(options)) end def file_field(method, options = {}) self.multipart = true @template.file_field(@object_name, method, objectify_options(options)) end # Add the submit button for the given form. When no value is given, it checks # if the object is a new resource or not to create the proper label: # # <%= form_for @post do |f| %> # <%= f.submit %> # <% end %> # # In the example above, if @post is a new record, it will use "Create Post" as # submit button label, otherwise, it uses "Update Post". # # Those labels can be customized using I18n, under the helpers.submit key and accept # the %{model} as translation interpolation: # # en: # helpers: # submit: # create: "Create a %{model}" # update: "Confirm changes to %{model}" # # It also searches for a key specific for the given object: # # en: # helpers: # submit: # post: # create: "Add %{model}" # def submit(value=nil, options={}) value, options = nil, value if value.is_a?(Hash) value ||= submit_default_value @template.submit_tag(value, options) end # Add the submit button for the given form. When no value is given, it checks # if the object is a new resource or not to create the proper label: # # <%= form_for @post do |f| %> # <%= f.button %> # <% end %> # # In the example above, if @post is a new record, it will use "Create Post" as # button label, otherwise, it uses "Update Post". # # Those labels can be customized using I18n, under the helpers.submit key # (the same as submit helper) and accept the %{model} as translation interpolation: # # en: # helpers: # submit: # create: "Create a %{model}" # update: "Confirm changes to %{model}" # # It also searches for a key specific for the given object: # # en: # helpers: # submit: # post: # create: "Add %{model}" # # ==== Examples # button("Create a post") # # => # # button do # content_tag(:strong, 'Ask me!') # end # # => # def button(value = nil, options = {}, &block) value, options = nil, value if value.is_a?(Hash) value ||= submit_default_value @template.button_tag(value, options, &block) end def emitted_hidden_id? @emitted_hidden_id ||= nil end private def objectify_options(options) @default_options.merge(options.merge(object: @object)) end def submit_default_value object = convert_to_model(@object) key = object ? (object.persisted? ? :update : :create) : :submit model = if object.class.respond_to?(:model_name) object.class.model_name.human else @object_name.to_s.humanize end defaults = [] defaults << :"helpers.submit.#{object_name}.#{key}" defaults << :"helpers.submit.#{key}" defaults << "#{key.to_s.humanize} #{model}" I18n.t(defaults.shift, model: model, default: defaults) end def nested_attributes_association?(association_name) @object.respond_to?("#{association_name}_attributes=") end def fields_for_with_nested_attributes(association_name, association, options, block) name = "#{object_name}[#{association_name}_attributes]" association = convert_to_model(association) if association.respond_to?(:persisted?) association = [association] if @object.send(association_name).is_a?(Array) elsif !association.respond_to?(:to_ary) association = @object.send(association_name) end if association.respond_to?(:to_ary) explicit_child_index = options[:child_index] output = ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer.new association.each do |child| options[:child_index] = nested_child_index(name) unless explicit_child_index output << fields_for_nested_model("#{name}[#{options[:child_index]}]", child, options, block) end output elsif association fields_for_nested_model(name, association, options, block) end end def fields_for_nested_model(name, object, options, block) object = convert_to_model(object) parent_include_id = self.options.fetch(:include_id, true) include_id = options.fetch(:include_id, parent_include_id) options[:hidden_field_id] = object.persisted? && include_id @template.fields_for(name, object, options, &block) end def nested_child_index(name) @nested_child_index[name] ||= -1 @nested_child_index[name] += 1 end end end ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_view) do cattr_accessor(:default_form_builder) { ::ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder } end end