module ActionView #:nodoc: class ActionViewError < StandardError #:nodoc: end class MissingTemplate < ActionViewError #:nodoc: def initialize(paths, path, template_format = nil) full_template_path = path.include?('.') ? path : "#{path}.erb" display_paths = paths.join(':') template_type = (path =~ /layouts/i) ? 'layout' : 'template' super("Missing #{template_type} #{full_template_path} in view path #{display_paths}") end end # Action View templates can be written in three ways. If the template file has a .erb (or .rhtml) extension then it uses a mixture of ERb # (included in Ruby) and HTML. If the template file has a .builder (or .rxml) extension then Jim Weirich's Builder::XmlMarkup library is used. # If the template file has a .rjs extension then it will use ActionView::Helpers::PrototypeHelper::JavaScriptGenerator. # # = ERb # # You trigger ERb by using embeddings such as <% %>, <% -%>, and <%= %>. The <%= %> tag set is used when you want output. Consider the # following loop for names: # # Names of all the people # <% for person in @people %> # Name: <%= person.name %>
# <% end %> # # The loop is setup in regular embedding tags <% %> and the name is written using the output embedding tag <%= %>. Note that this # is not just a usage suggestion. Regular output functions like print or puts won't work with ERb templates. So this would be wrong: # # Hi, Mr. <% puts "Frodo" %> # # If you absolutely must write from within a function, you can use the TextHelper#concat. # # <%- and -%> suppress leading and trailing whitespace, including the trailing newline, and can be used interchangeably with <% and %>. # # == Using sub templates # # Using sub templates allows you to sidestep tedious replication and extract common display structures in shared templates. The # classic example is the use of a header and footer (even though the Action Pack-way would be to use Layouts): # # <%= render "shared/header" %> # Something really specific and terrific # <%= render "shared/footer" %> # # As you see, we use the output embeddings for the render methods. The render call itself will just return a string holding the # result of the rendering. The output embedding writes it to the current template. # # But you don't have to restrict yourself to static includes. Templates can share variables amongst themselves by using instance # variables defined using the regular embedding tags. Like this: # # <% @page_title = "A Wonderful Hello" %> # <%= render "shared/header" %> # # Now the header can pick up on the @page_title variable and use it for outputting a title tag: # # <%= @page_title %> # # == Passing local variables to sub templates # # You can pass local variables to sub templates by using a hash with the variable names as keys and the objects as values: # # <%= render "shared/header", { :headline => "Welcome", :person => person } %> # # These can now be accessed in shared/header with: # # Headline: <%= headline %> # First name: <%= person.first_name %> # # If you need to find out whether a certain local variable has been assigned a value in a particular render call, # you need to use the following pattern: # # <% if local_assigns.has_key? :headline %> # Headline: <%= headline %> # <% end %> # # Testing using defined? headline will not work. This is an implementation restriction. # # == Template caching # # By default, Rails will compile each template to a method in order to render it. When you alter a template, Rails will # check the file's modification time and recompile it. # # == Builder # # Builder templates are a more programmatic alternative to ERb. They are especially useful for generating XML content. An XmlMarkup object # named +xml+ is automatically made available to templates with a .builder extension. # # Here are some basic examples: # # xml.em("emphasized") # => emphasized # xml.em { xml.b("emph & bold") } # => emph & bold # xml.a("A Link", "href"=>"http://onestepback.org") # => A Link # xml.target("name"=>"compile", "option"=>"fast") # => # # NOTE: order of attributes is not specified. # # Any method with a block will be treated as an XML markup tag with nested markup in the block. For example, the following: # # xml.div { # xml.h1(@person.name) # xml.p(@person.bio) # } # # would produce something like: # #
#

David Heinemeier Hansson

#

A product of Danish Design during the Winter of '79...

#
# # A full-length RSS example actually used on Basecamp: # # xml.rss("version" => "2.0", "xmlns:dc" => "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/") do # xml.channel do # xml.title(@feed_title) # xml.link(@url) # xml.description "Basecamp: Recent items" # xml.language "en-us" # xml.ttl "40" # # for item in @recent_items # xml.item do # xml.title(item_title(item)) # xml.description(item_description(item)) if item_description(item) # xml.pubDate(item_pubDate(item)) # xml.guid(@person.firm.account.url + @recent_items.url(item)) # xml.link(@person.firm.account.url + @recent_items.url(item)) # # xml.tag!("dc:creator", item.author_name) if item_has_creator?(item) # end # end # end # end # # More builder documentation can be found at http://builder.rubyforge.org. # # == JavaScriptGenerator # # JavaScriptGenerator templates end in .rjs. Unlike conventional templates which are used to # render the results of an action, these templates generate instructions on how to modify an already rendered page. This makes it easy to # modify multiple elements on your page in one declarative Ajax response. Actions with these templates are called in the background with Ajax # and make updates to the page where the request originated from. # # An instance of the JavaScriptGenerator object named +page+ is automatically made available to your template, which is implicitly wrapped in an ActionView::Helpers::PrototypeHelper#update_page block. # # When an .rjs action is called with +link_to_remote+, the generated JavaScript is automatically evaluated. Example: # # link_to_remote :url => {:action => 'delete'} # # The subsequently rendered delete.rjs might look like: # # page.replace_html 'sidebar', :partial => 'sidebar' # page.remove "person-#{@person.id}" # page.visual_effect :highlight, 'user-list' # # This refreshes the sidebar, removes a person element and highlights the user list. # # See the ActionView::Helpers::PrototypeHelper::GeneratorMethods documentation for more details. class Base include ERB::Util attr_accessor :base_path, :assigns, :template_extension attr_accessor :controller attr_accessor :_first_render, :_last_render attr_writer :template_format attr_accessor :output_buffer class << self delegate :erb_trim_mode=, :to => 'ActionView::TemplateHandlers::ERB' end def self.cache_template_loading=(*args) ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn( "config.action_view.cache_template_loading option has been deprecated" + "and has no effect. Please remove it from your config files.", caller) end def self.cache_template_extensions=(*args) ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn( "config.action_view.cache_template_extensions option has been" + "deprecated and has no effect. Please remove it from your config files.", caller) end # Specify whether RJS responses should be wrapped in a try/catch block # that alert()s the caught exception (and then re-raises it). @@debug_rjs = false cattr_accessor :debug_rjs # A warning will be displayed whenever an action results in a cache miss on your view paths. @@warn_cache_misses = false cattr_accessor :warn_cache_misses attr_internal :request delegate :request_forgery_protection_token, :template, :params, :session, :cookies, :response, :headers, :flash, :logger, :action_name, :controller_name, :to => :controller module CompiledTemplates #:nodoc: # holds compiled template code end include CompiledTemplates def self.helper_modules #:nodoc: helpers = [] Dir.entries(File.expand_path("#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/helpers")).sort.each do |file| next unless file =~ /^([a-z][a-z_]*_helper).rb$/ require "action_view/helpers/#{$1}" helper_module_name = $1.camelize if Helpers.const_defined?(helper_module_name) helpers << Helpers.const_get(helper_module_name) end end return helpers end def self.process_view_paths(value) ActionView::PathSet.new(Array(value)) end def initialize(view_paths = [], assigns_for_first_render = {}, controller = nil)#:nodoc: @assigns = assigns_for_first_render @assigns_added = nil @controller = controller self.view_paths = view_paths end attr_reader :view_paths def view_paths=(paths) @view_paths = self.class.process_view_paths(paths) end # Renders the template present at template_path (relative to the view_paths array). # The hash in local_assigns is made available as local variables. def render(options = {}, local_assigns = {}, &block) #:nodoc: local_assigns ||= {} if options.is_a?(String) render_file(options, nil, local_assigns) elsif options == :update update_page(&block) elsif options.is_a?(Hash) options = options.reverse_merge(:locals => {}) if partial_layout = options.delete(:layout) if block_given? wrap_content_for_layout capture(&block) do concat(render(options.merge(:partial => partial_layout))) end else wrap_content_for_layout render(options) do render(options.merge(:partial => partial_layout)) end end elsif options[:file] render_file(options[:file], nil, options[:locals]) elsif options[:partial] && options[:collection] render_partial_collection(options[:partial], options[:collection], options[:spacer_template], options[:locals], options[:as]) elsif options[:partial] render_partial(options[:partial], options[:object], options[:locals]) elsif options[:inline] render_inline(options[:inline], options[:locals], options[:type]) end end end # Returns true is the file may be rendered implicitly. def file_public?(template_path)#:nodoc: template_path.split('/').last[0,1] != '_' end # The format to be used when choosing between multiple templates with # the same name but differing formats. See +Request#template_format+ # for more details. def template_format return @template_format if @template_format if controller && controller.respond_to?(:request) @template_format = controller.request.template_format else @template_format = :html end end def file_exists?(template_path) pick_template(template_path) ? true : false rescue MissingTemplate false end # Gets the extension for an existing template with the given template_path. # Returns the format with the extension if that template exists. # # pick_template('users/show') # # => 'users/show.html.erb' # # pick_template('users/legacy') # # => 'users/legacy.rhtml' # def pick_template(template_path) return template_path if template_path.respond_to?(:render) path = template_path.sub(/^\//, '') if m = path.match(/(.*)\.(\w+)$/) template_file_name, template_file_extension = m[1], m[2] else template_file_name = path end # OPTIMIZE: Checks to lookup template in view path if template = self.view_paths["#{template_file_name}.#{template_format}"] template elsif template = self.view_paths[template_file_name] template elsif _first_render && template = self.view_paths["#{template_file_name}.#{_first_render.format_and_extension}"] template elsif template_format == :js && template = self.view_paths["#{template_file_name}.html"] @template_format = :html template else template = Template.new(template_path, view_paths) if self.class.warn_cache_misses && logger = ActionController::Base.logger logger.debug "[PERFORMANCE] Rendering a template that was " + "not found in view path. Templates outside the view path are " + "not cached and result in expensive disk operations. Move this " + "file into #{view_paths.join(':')} or add the folder to your " + "view path list" end template end end extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable memoize :pick_template private # Renders the template present at template_path. The hash in local_assigns # is made available as local variables. def render_file(template_path, use_full_path = nil, local_assigns = {}) #:nodoc: unless use_full_path == nil ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("use_full_path option has been deprecated and has no affect.", caller) end if defined?(ActionMailer) && defined?(ActionMailer::Base) && controller.is_a?(ActionMailer::Base) && template_path.is_a?(String) && !template_path.include?("/") raise ActionViewError, <<-END_ERROR Due to changes in ActionMailer, you need to provide the mailer_name along with the template name. render "user_mailer/signup" render :file => "user_mailer/signup" If you are rendering a subtemplate, you must now use controller-like partial syntax: render :partial => 'signup' # no mailer_name necessary END_ERROR end template = pick_template(template_path) template.render_template(self, local_assigns) end def render_inline(text, local_assigns = {}, type = nil) InlineTemplate.new(text, type).render(self, local_assigns) end def wrap_content_for_layout(content) original_content_for_layout, @content_for_layout = @content_for_layout, content yield ensure @content_for_layout = original_content_for_layout end # Evaluate the local assigns and pushes them to the view. def evaluate_assigns unless @assigns_added assign_variables_from_controller @assigns_added = true end end # Assigns instance variables from the controller to the view. def assign_variables_from_controller @assigns.each { |key, value| instance_variable_set("@#{key}", value) } end def set_controller_content_type(content_type) if controller.respond_to?(:response) controller.response.content_type ||= content_type end end def execute(method, local_assigns = {}) send(method, local_assigns) do |*names| instance_variable_get "@content_for_#{names.first || 'layout'}" end end end end