require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/except'
require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/reverse_merge'
require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/slice'
require 'active_support/core_ext/enumerable'
require 'active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options'
require 'active_support/inflector'
require 'action_dispatch/routing/redirection'
module ActionDispatch
module Routing
class Mapper
URL_OPTIONS = [:protocol, :subdomain, :domain, :host, :port]
SCOPE_OPTIONS = [:path, :shallow_path, :as, :shallow_prefix, :module,
:controller, :action, :path_names, :constraints,
:shallow, :blocks, :defaults, :options]
class Constraints #:nodoc:
def self.new(app, constraints, request = Rack::Request)
if constraints.any?
super(app, constraints, request)
else
app
end
end
attr_reader :app, :constraints
def initialize(app, constraints, request)
@app, @constraints, @request = app, constraints, request
end
def matches?(env)
req = @request.new(env)
@constraints.all? do |constraint|
(constraint.respond_to?(:matches?) && constraint.matches?(req)) ||
(constraint.respond_to?(:call) && constraint.call(*constraint_args(constraint, req)))
end
ensure
req.reset_parameters
end
def call(env)
matches?(env) ? @app.call(env) : [ 404, {'X-Cascade' => 'pass'}, [] ]
end
private
def constraint_args(constraint, request)
constraint.arity == 1 ? [request] : [request.symbolized_path_parameters, request]
end
end
class Mapping #:nodoc:
IGNORE_OPTIONS = [:to, :as, :via, :on, :constraints, :defaults, :only, :except, :anchor, :shallow, :shallow_path, :shallow_prefix, :format]
ANCHOR_CHARACTERS_REGEX = %r{\A(\\A|\^)|(\\Z|\\z|\$)\Z}
WILDCARD_PATH = %r{\*([^/\)]+)\)?$}
attr_reader :scope, :path, :options, :requirements, :conditions, :defaults
def initialize(set, scope, path, options)
@set, @scope, @path, @options = set, scope, path, options
@requirements, @conditions, @defaults = {}, {}, {}
normalize_options!
normalize_path!
normalize_requirements!
normalize_conditions!
normalize_defaults!
end
def to_route
[ app, conditions, requirements, defaults, options[:as], options[:anchor] ]
end
private
def normalize_path!
raise ArgumentError, "path is required" if @path.blank?
@path = Mapper.normalize_path(@path)
if required_format?
@path = "#{@path}.:format"
elsif optional_format?
@path = "#{@path}(.:format)"
end
end
def required_format?
options[:format] == true
end
def optional_format?
options[:format] != false && !path.include?(':format') && !path.end_with?('/')
end
def normalize_options!
@options.reverse_merge!(scope[:options]) if scope[:options]
path_without_format = path.sub(/\(\.:format\)$/, '')
# Add a constraint for wildcard route to make it non-greedy and match the
# optional format part of the route by default
if path_without_format.match(WILDCARD_PATH) && @options[:format] != false
@options[$1.to_sym] ||= /.+?/
end
if path_without_format.match(':controller')
raise ArgumentError, ":controller segment is not allowed within a namespace block" if scope[:module]
# Add a default constraint for :controller path segments that matches namespaced
# controllers with default routes like :controller/:action/:id(.:format), e.g:
# GET /admin/products/show/1
# => { controller: 'admin/products', action: 'show', id: '1' }
@options[:controller] ||= /.+?/
end
@options.merge!(default_controller_and_action)
end
def normalize_requirements!
constraints.each do |key, requirement|
next unless segment_keys.include?(key) || key == :controller
verify_regexp_requirement(requirement) if requirement.is_a?(Regexp)
@requirements[key] = requirement
end
if options[:format] == true
@requirements[:format] ||= /.+/
elsif Regexp === options[:format]
@requirements[:format] = options[:format]
elsif String === options[:format]
@requirements[:format] = Regexp.compile(options[:format])
end
end
def verify_regexp_requirement(requirement)
if requirement.source =~ ANCHOR_CHARACTERS_REGEX
raise ArgumentError, "Regexp anchor characters are not allowed in routing requirements: #{requirement.inspect}"
end
if requirement.multiline?
raise ArgumentError, "Regexp multiline option is not allowed in routing requirements: #{requirement.inspect}"
end
end
def normalize_defaults!
@defaults.merge!(scope[:defaults]) if scope[:defaults]
@defaults.merge!(options[:defaults]) if options[:defaults]
options.each do |key, default|
next if Regexp === default || IGNORE_OPTIONS.include?(key)
@defaults[key] = default
end
if options[:constraints].is_a?(Hash)
options[:constraints].each do |key, default|
next unless URL_OPTIONS.include?(key) && (String === default || Fixnum === default)
@defaults[key] ||= default
end
end
if Regexp === options[:format]
@defaults[:format] = nil
elsif String === options[:format]
@defaults[:format] = options[:format]
end
end
def normalize_conditions!
@conditions.merge!(:path_info => path)
constraints.each do |key, condition|
next if segment_keys.include?(key) || key == :controller
@conditions[key] = condition
end
@conditions[:required_defaults] = []
options.each do |key, required_default|
next if segment_keys.include?(key) || IGNORE_OPTIONS.include?(key)
next if Regexp === required_default
@conditions[:required_defaults] << key
end
via_all = options.delete(:via) if options[:via] == :all
if !via_all && options[:via].blank?
msg = "You should not use the `match` method in your router without specifying an HTTP method.\n" \
"If you want to expose your action to both GET and POST, add `via: [:get, :post]` option.\n" \
"If you want to expose your action to GET, use `get` in the router:\n" \
" Instead of: match \"controller#action\"\n" \
" Do: get \"controller#action\""
raise msg
end
if via = options[:via]
list = Array(via).map { |m| m.to_s.dasherize.upcase }
@conditions.merge!(:request_method => list)
end
end
def app
Constraints.new(endpoint, blocks, @set.request_class)
end
def default_controller_and_action
if to.respond_to?(:call)
{ }
else
if to.is_a?(String)
controller, action = to.split('#')
elsif to.is_a?(Symbol)
action = to.to_s
end
controller ||= default_controller
action ||= default_action
unless controller.is_a?(Regexp)
controller = [@scope[:module], controller].compact.join("/").presence
end
if controller.is_a?(String) && controller =~ %r{\A/}
raise ArgumentError, "controller name should not start with a slash"
end
controller = controller.to_s unless controller.is_a?(Regexp)
action = action.to_s unless action.is_a?(Regexp)
if controller.blank? && segment_keys.exclude?(:controller)
raise ArgumentError, "missing :controller"
end
if action.blank? && segment_keys.exclude?(:action)
raise ArgumentError, "missing :action"
end
if controller.is_a?(String) && controller !~ /\A[a-z_0-9\/]*\z/
message = "'#{controller}' is not a supported controller name. This can lead to potential routing problems."
message << " See http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html#specifying-a-controller-to-use"
raise ArgumentError, message
end
hash = {}
hash[:controller] = controller unless controller.blank?
hash[:action] = action unless action.blank?
hash
end
end
def blocks
if options[:constraints].present? && !options[:constraints].is_a?(Hash)
[options[:constraints]]
else
scope[:blocks] || []
end
end
def constraints
@constraints ||= {}.tap do |constraints|
constraints.merge!(scope[:constraints]) if scope[:constraints]
options.except(*IGNORE_OPTIONS).each do |key, option|
constraints[key] = option if Regexp === option
end
constraints.merge!(options[:constraints]) if options[:constraints].is_a?(Hash)
end
end
def segment_keys
@segment_keys ||= path_pattern.names.map{ |s| s.to_sym }
end
def path_pattern
Journey::Path::Pattern.new(strexp)
end
def strexp
Journey::Router::Strexp.compile(path, requirements, SEPARATORS)
end
def endpoint
to.respond_to?(:call) ? to : dispatcher
end
def dispatcher
Routing::RouteSet::Dispatcher.new(:defaults => defaults)
end
def to
options[:to]
end
def default_controller
options[:controller] || scope[:controller]
end
def default_action
options[:action] || scope[:action]
end
end
# Invokes Journey::Router::Utils.normalize_path and ensure that
# (:locale) becomes (/:locale) instead of /(:locale). Except
# for root cases, where the latter is the correct one.
def self.normalize_path(path)
path = Journey::Router::Utils.normalize_path(path)
path.gsub!(%r{/(\(+)/?}, '\1/') unless path =~ %r{^/\(+[^)]+\)$}
path
end
def self.normalize_name(name)
normalize_path(name)[1..-1].tr("/", "_")
end
module Base
# You can specify what Rails should route "/" to with the root method:
#
# root to: 'pages#main'
#
# For options, see +match+, as +root+ uses it internally.
#
# You can also pass a string which will expand
#
# root 'pages#main'
#
# You should put the root route at the top of config/routes.rb,
# because this means it will be matched first. As this is the most popular route
# of most Rails applications, this is beneficial.
def root(options = {})
match '/', { :as => :root, :via => :get }.merge!(options)
end
# Matches a url pattern to one or more routes. Any symbols in a pattern
# are interpreted as url query parameters and thus available as +params+
# in an action:
#
# # sets :controller, :action and :id in params
# match ':controller/:action/:id'
#
# Two of these symbols are special, +:controller+ maps to the controller
# and +:action+ to the controller's action. A pattern can also map
# wildcard segments (globs) to params:
#
# match 'songs/*category/:title', to: 'songs#show'
#
# # 'songs/rock/classic/stairway-to-heaven' sets
# # params[:category] = 'rock/classic'
# # params[:title] = 'stairway-to-heaven'
#
# When a pattern points to an internal route, the route's +:action+ and
# +:controller+ should be set in options or hash shorthand. Examples:
#
# match 'photos/:id' => 'photos#show'
# match 'photos/:id', to: 'photos#show'
# match 'photos/:id', controller: 'photos', action: 'show'
#
# A pattern can also point to a +Rack+ endpoint i.e. anything that
# responds to +call+:
#
# match 'photos/:id', to: lambda {|hash| [200, {}, ["Coming soon"]] }
# match 'photos/:id', to: PhotoRackApp
# # Yes, controller actions are just rack endpoints
# match 'photos/:id', to: PhotosController.action(:show)
#
# Because requesting various HTTP verbs with a single action has security
# implications, you must either specify the actions in
# the via options or use one of the HtttpHelpers[rdoc-ref:HttpHelpers]
# instead +match+
#
# === Options
#
# Any options not seen here are passed on as params with the url.
#
# [:controller]
# The route's controller.
#
# [:action]
# The route's action.
#
# [:path]
# The path prefix for the routes.
#
# [:module]
# The namespace for :controller.
#
# match 'path', to: 'c#a', module: 'sekret', controller: 'posts'
# #=> Sekret::PostsController
#
# See Scoping#namespace for its scope equivalent.
#
# [:as]
# The name used to generate routing helpers.
#
# [:via]
# Allowed HTTP verb(s) for route.
#
# match 'path', to: 'c#a', via: :get
# match 'path', to: 'c#a', via: [:get, :post]
# match 'path', to: 'c#a', via: :all
#
# [:to]
# Points to a +Rack+ endpoint. Can be an object that responds to
# +call+ or a string representing a controller's action.
#
# match 'path', to: 'controller#action'
# match 'path', to: lambda { |env| [200, {}, ["Success!"]] }
# match 'path', to: RackApp
#
# [:on]
# Shorthand for wrapping routes in a specific RESTful context. Valid
# values are +:member+, +:collection+, and +:new+. Only use within
# resource(s) block. For example:
#
# resource :bar do
# match 'foo', to: 'c#a', on: :member, via: [:get, :post]
# end
#
# Is equivalent to:
#
# resource :bar do
# member do
# match 'foo', to: 'c#a', via: [:get, :post]
# end
# end
#
# [:constraints]
# Constrains parameters with a hash of regular expressions
# or an object that responds to matches?. In addition, constraints
# other than path can also be specified with any object
# that responds to === (eg. String, Array, Range, etc.).
#
# match 'path/:id', constraints: { id: /[A-Z]\d{5}/ }
#
# match 'json_only', constraints: { format: 'json' }
#
# class Whitelist
# def matches?(request) request.remote_ip == '1.2.3.4' end
# end
# match 'path', to: 'c#a', constraints: Whitelist.new
#
# See Scoping#constraints for more examples with its scope
# equivalent.
#
# [:defaults]
# Sets defaults for parameters
#
# # Sets params[:format] to 'jpg' by default
# match 'path', to: 'c#a', defaults: { format: 'jpg' }
#
# See Scoping#defaults for its scope equivalent.
#
# [:anchor]
# Boolean to anchor a match pattern. Default is true. When set to
# false, the pattern matches any request prefixed with the given path.
#
# # Matches any request starting with 'path'
# match 'path', to: 'c#a', anchor: false
#
# [:format]
# Allows you to specify the default value for optional +format+
# segment or disable it by supplying +false+.
def match(path, options=nil)
end
# Mount a Rack-based application to be used within the application.
#
# mount SomeRackApp, at: "some_route"
#
# Alternatively:
#
# mount(SomeRackApp => "some_route")
#
# For options, see +match+, as +mount+ uses it internally.
#
# All mounted applications come with routing helpers to access them.
# These are named after the class specified, so for the above example
# the helper is either +some_rack_app_path+ or +some_rack_app_url+.
# To customize this helper's name, use the +:as+ option:
#
# mount(SomeRackApp => "some_route", as: "exciting")
#
# This will generate the +exciting_path+ and +exciting_url+ helpers
# which can be used to navigate to this mounted app.
def mount(app, options = nil)
if options
path = options.delete(:at)
else
unless Hash === app
raise ArgumentError, "must be called with mount point"
end
options = app
app, path = options.find { |k, _| k.respond_to?(:call) }
options.delete(app) if app
end
raise "A rack application must be specified" unless path
options[:as] ||= app_name(app)
options[:via] ||= :all
match(path, options.merge(:to => app, :anchor => false, :format => false))
define_generate_prefix(app, options[:as])
self
end
def default_url_options=(options)
@set.default_url_options = options
end
alias_method :default_url_options, :default_url_options=
def with_default_scope(scope, &block)
scope(scope) do
instance_exec(&block)
end
end
# Query if the following named route was already defined.
def has_named_route?(name)
@set.named_routes.routes[name.to_sym]
end
private
def app_name(app)
return unless app.respond_to?(:routes)
if app.respond_to?(:railtie_name)
app.railtie_name
else
class_name = app.class.is_a?(Class) ? app.name : app.class.name
ActiveSupport::Inflector.underscore(class_name).tr("/", "_")
end
end
def define_generate_prefix(app, name)
return unless app.respond_to?(:routes) && app.routes.respond_to?(:define_mounted_helper)
_route = @set.named_routes.routes[name.to_sym]
_routes = @set
app.routes.define_mounted_helper(name)
app.routes.singleton_class.class_eval do
define_method :mounted? do
true
end
define_method :_generate_prefix do |options|
prefix_options = options.slice(*_route.segment_keys)
# we must actually delete prefix segment keys to avoid passing them to next url_for
_route.segment_keys.each { |k| options.delete(k) }
_routes.url_helpers.send("#{name}_path", prefix_options)
end
end
end
end
module HttpHelpers
# Define a route that only recognizes HTTP GET.
# For supported arguments, see match[rdoc-ref:Base#match]
#
# get 'bacon', to: 'food#bacon'
def get(*args, &block)
map_method(:get, args, &block)
end
# Define a route that only recognizes HTTP POST.
# For supported arguments, see match[rdoc-ref:Base#match]
#
# post 'bacon', to: 'food#bacon'
def post(*args, &block)
map_method(:post, args, &block)
end
# Define a route that only recognizes HTTP PATCH.
# For supported arguments, see match[rdoc-ref:Base#match]
#
# patch 'bacon', to: 'food#bacon'
def patch(*args, &block)
map_method(:patch, args, &block)
end
# Define a route that only recognizes HTTP PUT.
# For supported arguments, see match[rdoc-ref:Base#match]
#
# put 'bacon', to: 'food#bacon'
def put(*args, &block)
map_method(:put, args, &block)
end
# Define a route that only recognizes HTTP DELETE.
# For supported arguments, see match[rdoc-ref:Base#match]
#
# delete 'broccoli', to: 'food#broccoli'
def delete(*args, &block)
map_method(:delete, args, &block)
end
private
def map_method(method, args, &block)
options = args.extract_options!
options[:via] = method
match(*args, options, &block)
self
end
end
# You may wish to organize groups of controllers under a namespace.
# Most commonly, you might group a number of administrative controllers
# under an +admin+ namespace. You would place these controllers under
# the app/controllers/admin directory, and you can group them
# together in your router:
#
# namespace "admin" do
# resources :posts, :comments
# end
#
# This will create a number of routes for each of the posts and comments
# controller. For Admin::PostsController, Rails will create:
#
# GET /admin/posts
# GET /admin/posts/new
# POST /admin/posts
# GET /admin/posts/1
# GET /admin/posts/1/edit
# PATCH/PUT /admin/posts/1
# DELETE /admin/posts/1
#
# If you want to route /posts (without the prefix /admin) to
# Admin::PostsController, you could use
#
# scope module: "admin" do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# or, for a single case
#
# resources :posts, module: "admin"
#
# If you want to route /admin/posts to +PostsController+
# (without the Admin:: module prefix), you could use
#
# scope "/admin" do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# or, for a single case
#
# resources :posts, path: "/admin/posts"
#
# In each of these cases, the named routes remain the same as if you did
# not use scope. In the last case, the following paths map to
# +PostsController+:
#
# GET /admin/posts
# GET /admin/posts/new
# POST /admin/posts
# GET /admin/posts/1
# GET /admin/posts/1/edit
# PATCH/PUT /admin/posts/1
# DELETE /admin/posts/1
module Scoping
# Scopes a set of routes to the given default options.
#
# Take the following route definition as an example:
#
# scope path: ":account_id", as: "account" do
# resources :projects
# end
#
# This generates helpers such as +account_projects_path+, just like +resources+ does.
# The difference here being that the routes generated are like /:account_id/projects,
# rather than /accounts/:account_id/projects.
#
# === Options
#
# Takes same options as Base#match and Resources#resources.
#
# # route /posts (without the prefix /admin) to Admin::PostsController
# scope module: "admin" do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# # prefix the posts resource's requests with '/admin'
# scope path: "/admin" do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# # prefix the routing helper name: +sekret_posts_path+ instead of +posts_path+
# scope as: "sekret" do
# resources :posts
# end
def scope(*args)
options = args.extract_options!.dup
recover = {}
options[:path] = args.flatten.join('/') if args.any?
options[:constraints] ||= {}
if options[:constraints].is_a?(Hash)
defaults = options[:constraints].select do
|k, v| URL_OPTIONS.include?(k) && (v.is_a?(String) || v.is_a?(Fixnum))
end
(options[:defaults] ||= {}).reverse_merge!(defaults)
else
block, options[:constraints] = options[:constraints], {}
end
SCOPE_OPTIONS.each do |option|
if option == :blocks
value = block
elsif option == :options
value = options
else
value = options.delete(option)
end
if value
recover[option] = @scope[option]
@scope[option] = send("merge_#{option}_scope", @scope[option], value)
end
end
yield
self
ensure
@scope.merge!(recover)
end
# Scopes routes to a specific controller
#
# controller "food" do
# match "bacon", action: "bacon"
# end
def controller(controller, options={})
options[:controller] = controller
scope(options) { yield }
end
# Scopes routes to a specific namespace. For example:
#
# namespace :admin do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# This generates the following routes:
#
# admin_posts GET /admin/posts(.:format) admin/posts#index
# admin_posts POST /admin/posts(.:format) admin/posts#create
# new_admin_post GET /admin/posts/new(.:format) admin/posts#new
# edit_admin_post GET /admin/posts/:id/edit(.:format) admin/posts#edit
# admin_post GET /admin/posts/:id(.:format) admin/posts#show
# admin_post PATCH/PUT /admin/posts/:id(.:format) admin/posts#update
# admin_post DELETE /admin/posts/:id(.:format) admin/posts#destroy
#
# === Options
#
# The +:path+, +:as+, +:module+, +:shallow_path+ and +:shallow_prefix+
# options all default to the name of the namespace.
#
# For options, see Base#match. For +:shallow_path+ option, see
# Resources#resources.
#
# # accessible through /sekret/posts rather than /admin/posts
# namespace :admin, path: "sekret" do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# # maps to Sekret::PostsController rather than Admin::PostsController
# namespace :admin, module: "sekret" do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# # generates +sekret_posts_path+ rather than +admin_posts_path+
# namespace :admin, as: "sekret" do
# resources :posts
# end
def namespace(path, options = {})
path = path.to_s
options = { :path => path, :as => path, :module => path,
:shallow_path => path, :shallow_prefix => path }.merge!(options)
scope(options) { yield }
end
# === Parameter Restriction
# Allows you to constrain the nested routes based on a set of rules.
# For instance, in order to change the routes to allow for a dot character in the +id+ parameter:
#
# constraints(id: /\d+\.\d+/) do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# Now routes such as +/posts/1+ will no longer be valid, but +/posts/1.1+ will be.
# The +id+ parameter must match the constraint passed in for this example.
#
# You may use this to also restrict other parameters:
#
# resources :posts do
# constraints(post_id: /\d+\.\d+/) do
# resources :comments
# end
# end
#
# === Restricting based on IP
#
# Routes can also be constrained to an IP or a certain range of IP addresses:
#
# constraints(ip: /192\.168\.\d+\.\d+/) do
# resources :posts
# end
#
# Any user connecting from the 192.168.* range will be able to see this resource,
# where as any user connecting outside of this range will be told there is no such route.
#
# === Dynamic request matching
#
# Requests to routes can be constrained based on specific criteria:
#
# constraints(lambda { |req| req.env["HTTP_USER_AGENT"] =~ /iPhone/ }) do
# resources :iphones
# end
#
# You are able to move this logic out into a class if it is too complex for routes.
# This class must have a +matches?+ method defined on it which either returns +true+
# if the user should be given access to that route, or +false+ if the user should not.
#
# class Iphone
# def self.matches?(request)
# request.env["HTTP_USER_AGENT"] =~ /iPhone/
# end
# end
#
# An expected place for this code would be +lib/constraints+.
#
# This class is then used like this:
#
# constraints(Iphone) do
# resources :iphones
# end
def constraints(constraints = {})
scope(:constraints => constraints) { yield }
end
# Allows you to set default parameters for a route, such as this:
# defaults id: 'home' do
# match 'scoped_pages/(:id)', to: 'pages#show'
# end
# Using this, the +:id+ parameter here will default to 'home'.
def defaults(defaults = {})
scope(:defaults => defaults) { yield }
end
private
def merge_path_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
Mapper.normalize_path("#{parent}/#{child}")
end
def merge_shallow_path_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
Mapper.normalize_path("#{parent}/#{child}")
end
def merge_as_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
parent ? "#{parent}_#{child}" : child
end
def merge_shallow_prefix_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
parent ? "#{parent}_#{child}" : child
end
def merge_module_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
parent ? "#{parent}/#{child}" : child
end
def merge_controller_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
child
end
def merge_action_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
child
end
def merge_path_names_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
merge_options_scope(parent, child)
end
def merge_constraints_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
merge_options_scope(parent, child)
end
def merge_defaults_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
merge_options_scope(parent, child)
end
def merge_blocks_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
merged = parent ? parent.dup : []
merged << child if child
merged
end
def merge_options_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
(parent || {}).except(*override_keys(child)).merge!(child)
end
def merge_shallow_scope(parent, child) #:nodoc:
child ? true : false
end
def override_keys(child) #:nodoc:
child.key?(:only) || child.key?(:except) ? [:only, :except] : []
end
end
# Resource routing allows you to quickly declare all of the common routes
# for a given resourceful controller. Instead of declaring separate routes
# for your +index+, +show+, +new+, +edit+, +create+, +update+ and +destroy+
# actions, a resourceful route declares them in a single line of code:
#
# resources :photos
#
# Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without
# referencing an ID. A common example, /profile always shows the profile of
# the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource
# to map /profile (rather than /profile/:id) to the show action.
#
# resource :profile
#
# It's common to have resources that are logically children of other
# resources:
#
# resources :magazines do
# resources :ads
# end
#
# You may wish to organize groups of controllers under a namespace. Most
# commonly, you might group a number of administrative controllers under
# an +admin+ namespace. You would place these controllers under the
# app/controllers/admin directory, and you can group them together
# in your router:
#
# namespace "admin" do
# resources :posts, :comments
# end
#
# By default the +:id+ parameter doesn't accept dots. If you need to
# use dots as part of the +:id+ parameter add a constraint which
# overrides this restriction, e.g:
#
# resources :articles, id: /[^\/]+/
#
# This allows any character other than a slash as part of your +:id+.
#
module Resources
# CANONICAL_ACTIONS holds all actions that does not need a prefix or
# a path appended since they fit properly in their scope level.
VALID_ON_OPTIONS = [:new, :collection, :member]
RESOURCE_OPTIONS = [:as, :controller, :path, :only, :except, :param, :concerns]
CANONICAL_ACTIONS = %w(index create new show update destroy)
RESOURCE_METHOD_SCOPES = [:collection, :member, :new]
RESOURCE_SCOPES = [:resource, :resources]
class Resource #:nodoc:
attr_reader :controller, :path, :options, :param
def initialize(entities, options = {})
@name = entities.to_s
@path = (options[:path] || @name).to_s
@controller = (options[:controller] || @name).to_s
@as = options[:as]
@param = (options[:param] || :id).to_sym
@options = options
end
def default_actions
[:index, :create, :new, :show, :update, :destroy, :edit]
end
def actions
if only = @options[:only]
Array(only).map(&:to_sym)
elsif except = @options[:except]
default_actions - Array(except).map(&:to_sym)
else
default_actions
end
end
def name
@as || @name
end
def plural
@plural ||= name.to_s
end
def singular
@singular ||= name.to_s.singularize
end
alias :member_name :singular
# Checks for uncountable plurals, and appends "_index" if the plural
# and singular form are the same.
def collection_name
singular == plural ? "#{plural}_index" : plural
end
def resource_scope
{ :controller => controller }
end
alias :collection_scope :path
def member_scope
"#{path}/:#{param}"
end
alias :shallow_scope :member_scope
def new_scope(new_path)
"#{path}/#{new_path}"
end
def nested_param
:"#{singular}_#{param}"
end
def nested_scope
"#{path}/:#{nested_param}"
end
end
class SingletonResource < Resource #:nodoc:
def initialize(entities, options)
super
@as = nil
@controller = (options[:controller] || plural).to_s
@as = options[:as]
end
def default_actions
[:show, :create, :update, :destroy, :new, :edit]
end
def plural
@plural ||= name.to_s.pluralize
end
def singular
@singular ||= name.to_s
end
alias :member_name :singular
alias :collection_name :singular
alias :member_scope :path
alias :nested_scope :path
end
def resources_path_names(options)
@scope[:path_names].merge!(options)
end
# Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without
# referencing an ID. A common example, /profile always shows the
# profile of the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use
# a singular resource to map /profile (rather than /profile/:id) to
# the show action:
#
# resource :profile
#
# creates six different routes in your application, all mapping to
# the +Profiles+ controller (note that the controller is named after
# the plural):
#
# GET /profile/new
# POST /profile
# GET /profile
# GET /profile/edit
# PATCH/PUT /profile
# DELETE /profile
#
# === Options
# Takes same options as +resources+.
def resource(*resources, &block)
options = resources.extract_options!.dup
if apply_common_behavior_for(:resource, resources, options, &block)
return self
end
resource_scope(:resource, SingletonResource.new(resources.pop, options)) do
yield if block_given?
concerns(options[:concerns]) if options[:concerns]
collection do
post :create
end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:create)
new do
get :new
end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:new)
set_member_mappings_for_resource
end
self
end
# In Rails, a resourceful route provides a mapping between HTTP verbs
# and URLs and controller actions. By convention, each action also maps
# to particular CRUD operations in a database. A single entry in the
# routing file, such as
#
# resources :photos
#
# creates seven different routes in your application, all mapping to
# the +Photos+ controller:
#
# GET /photos
# GET /photos/new
# POST /photos
# GET /photos/:id
# GET /photos/:id/edit
# PATCH/PUT /photos/:id
# DELETE /photos/:id
#
# Resources can also be nested infinitely by using this block syntax:
#
# resources :photos do
# resources :comments
# end
#
# This generates the following comments routes:
#
# GET /photos/:photo_id/comments
# GET /photos/:photo_id/comments/new
# POST /photos/:photo_id/comments
# GET /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
# GET /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id/edit
# PATCH/PUT /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
# DELETE /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
#
# === Options
# Takes same options as Base#match as well as:
#
# [:path_names]
# Allows you to change the segment component of the +edit+ and +new+ actions.
# Actions not specified are not changed.
#
# resources :posts, path_names: { new: "brand_new" }
#
# The above example will now change /posts/new to /posts/brand_new
#
# [:path]
# Allows you to change the path prefix for the resource.
#
# resources :posts, path: 'postings'
#
# The resource and all segments will now route to /postings instead of /posts
#
# [:only]
# Only generate routes for the given actions.
#
# resources :cows, only: :show
# resources :cows, only: [:show, :index]
#
# [:except]
# Generate all routes except for the given actions.
#
# resources :cows, except: :show
# resources :cows, except: [:show, :index]
#
# [:shallow]
# Generates shallow routes for nested resource(s). When placed on a parent resource,
# generates shallow routes for all nested resources.
#
# resources :posts, shallow: true do
# resources :comments
# end
#
# Is the same as:
#
# resources :posts do
# resources :comments, except: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]
# end
# resources :comments, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]
#
# This allows URLs for resources that otherwise would be deeply nested such
# as a comment on a blog post like /posts/a-long-permalink/comments/1234
# to be shortened to just /comments/1234.
#
# [:shallow_path]
# Prefixes nested shallow routes with the specified path.
#
# scope shallow_path: "sekret" do
# resources :posts do
# resources :comments, shallow: true
# end
# end
#
# The +comments+ resource here will have the following routes generated for it:
#
# post_comments GET /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
# post_comments POST /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
# new_post_comment GET /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format)
# edit_comment GET /sekret/comments/:id/edit(.:format)
# comment GET /sekret/comments/:id(.:format)
# comment PATCH/PUT /sekret/comments/:id(.:format)
# comment DELETE /sekret/comments/:id(.:format)
#
# [:shallow_prefix]
# Prefixes nested shallow route names with specified prefix.
#
# scope shallow_prefix: "sekret" do
# resources :posts do
# resources :comments, shallow: true
# end
# end
#
# The +comments+ resource here will have the following routes generated for it:
#
# post_comments GET /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
# post_comments POST /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format)
# new_post_comment GET /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format)
# edit_sekret_comment GET /comments/:id/edit(.:format)
# sekret_comment GET /comments/:id(.:format)
# sekret_comment PATCH/PUT /comments/:id(.:format)
# sekret_comment DELETE /comments/:id(.:format)
#
# [:format]
# Allows you to specify the default value for optional +format+
# segment or disable it by supplying +false+.
#
# === Examples
#
# # routes call Admin::PostsController
# resources :posts, module: "admin"
#
# # resource actions are at /admin/posts.
# resources :posts, path: "admin/posts"
def resources(*resources, &block)
options = resources.extract_options!.dup
if apply_common_behavior_for(:resources, resources, options, &block)
return self
end
resource_scope(:resources, Resource.new(resources.pop, options)) do
yield if block_given?
concerns(options[:concerns]) if options[:concerns]
collection do
get :index if parent_resource.actions.include?(:index)
post :create if parent_resource.actions.include?(:create)
end
new do
get :new
end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:new)
set_member_mappings_for_resource
end
self
end
# To add a route to the collection:
#
# resources :photos do
# collection do
# get 'search'
# end
# end
#
# This will enable Rails to recognize paths such as /photos/search
# with GET, and route to the search action of +PhotosController+. It will also
# create the search_photos_url and search_photos_path
# route helpers.
def collection
unless resource_scope?
raise ArgumentError, "can't use collection outside resource(s) scope"
end
with_scope_level(:collection) do
scope(parent_resource.collection_scope) do
yield
end
end
end
# To add a member route, add a member block into the resource block:
#
# resources :photos do
# member do
# get 'preview'
# end
# end
#
# This will recognize /photos/1/preview with GET, and route to the
# preview action of +PhotosController+. It will also create the
# preview_photo_url and preview_photo_path helpers.
def member
unless resource_scope?
raise ArgumentError, "can't use member outside resource(s) scope"
end
with_scope_level(:member) do
scope(parent_resource.member_scope) do
yield
end
end
end
def new
unless resource_scope?
raise ArgumentError, "can't use new outside resource(s) scope"
end
with_scope_level(:new) do
scope(parent_resource.new_scope(action_path(:new))) do
yield
end
end
end
def nested
unless resource_scope?
raise ArgumentError, "can't use nested outside resource(s) scope"
end
with_scope_level(:nested) do
if shallow?
with_exclusive_scope do
if @scope[:shallow_path].blank?
scope(parent_resource.nested_scope, nested_options) { yield }
else
scope(@scope[:shallow_path], :as => @scope[:shallow_prefix]) do
scope(parent_resource.nested_scope, nested_options) { yield }
end
end
end
else
scope(parent_resource.nested_scope, nested_options) { yield }
end
end
end
# See ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper::Scoping#namespace
def namespace(path, options = {})
if resource_scope?
nested { super }
else
super
end
end
def shallow
scope(:shallow => true, :shallow_path => @scope[:path]) do
yield
end
end
def shallow?
parent_resource.instance_of?(Resource) && @scope[:shallow]
end
# match 'path' => 'controller#action'
# match 'path', to: 'controller#action'
# match 'path', 'otherpath', on: :member, via: :get
def match(path, *rest)
if rest.empty? && Hash === path
options = path
path, to = options.find { |name, _value| name.is_a?(String) }
options[:to] = to
options.delete(path)
paths = [path]
else
options = rest.pop || {}
paths = [path] + rest
end
options[:anchor] = true unless options.key?(:anchor)
if options[:on] && !VALID_ON_OPTIONS.include?(options[:on])
raise ArgumentError, "Unknown scope #{on.inspect} given to :on"
end
if @scope[:controller] && @scope[:action]
options[:to] ||= "#{@scope[:controller]}##{@scope[:action]}"
end
paths.each do |_path|
route_options = options.dup
route_options[:path] ||= _path if _path.is_a?(String)
path_without_format = _path.to_s.sub(/\(\.:format\)$/, '')
if using_match_shorthand?(path_without_format, route_options)
route_options[:to] ||= path_without_format.gsub(%r{^/}, "").sub(%r{/([^/]*)$}, '#\1')
end
decomposed_match(_path, route_options)
end
self
end
def using_match_shorthand?(path, options)
path && (options[:to] || options[:action]).nil? && path =~ %r{/[\w/]+$}
end
def decomposed_match(path, options) # :nodoc:
if on = options.delete(:on)
send(on) { decomposed_match(path, options) }
else
case @scope[:scope_level]
when :resources
nested { decomposed_match(path, options) }
when :resource
member { decomposed_match(path, options) }
else
add_route(path, options)
end
end
end
def add_route(action, options) # :nodoc:
path = path_for_action(action, options.delete(:path))
action = action.to_s.dup
if action =~ /^[\w\/]+$/
options[:action] ||= action unless action.include?("/")
else
action = nil
end
if !options.fetch(:as, true)
options.delete(:as)
else
options[:as] = name_for_action(options[:as], action)
end
mapping = Mapping.new(@set, @scope, URI.parser.escape(path), options)
app, conditions, requirements, defaults, as, anchor = mapping.to_route
@set.add_route(app, conditions, requirements, defaults, as, anchor)
end
def root(path, options={})
if path.is_a?(String)
options[:to] = path
elsif path.is_a?(Hash) and options.empty?
options = path
else
raise ArgumentError, "must be called with a path and/or options"
end
if @scope[:scope_level] == :resources
with_scope_level(:root) do
scope(parent_resource.path) do
super(options)
end
end
else
super(options)
end
end
protected
def parent_resource #:nodoc:
@scope[:scope_level_resource]
end
def apply_common_behavior_for(method, resources, options, &block) #:nodoc:
if resources.length > 1
resources.each { |r| send(method, r, options, &block) }
return true
end
if resource_scope?
nested { send(method, resources.pop, options, &block) }
return true
end
options.keys.each do |k|
(options[:constraints] ||= {})[k] = options.delete(k) if options[k].is_a?(Regexp)
end
scope_options = options.slice!(*RESOURCE_OPTIONS)
unless scope_options.empty?
scope(scope_options) do
send(method, resources.pop, options, &block)
end
return true
end
unless action_options?(options)
options.merge!(scope_action_options) if scope_action_options?
end
false
end
def action_options?(options) #:nodoc:
options[:only] || options[:except]
end
def scope_action_options? #:nodoc:
@scope[:options] && (@scope[:options][:only] || @scope[:options][:except])
end
def scope_action_options #:nodoc:
@scope[:options].slice(:only, :except)
end
def resource_scope? #:nodoc:
RESOURCE_SCOPES.include? @scope[:scope_level]
end
def resource_method_scope? #:nodoc:
RESOURCE_METHOD_SCOPES.include? @scope[:scope_level]
end
def with_exclusive_scope
begin
old_name_prefix, old_path = @scope[:as], @scope[:path]
@scope[:as], @scope[:path] = nil, nil
with_scope_level(:exclusive) do
yield
end
ensure
@scope[:as], @scope[:path] = old_name_prefix, old_path
end
end
def with_scope_level(kind, resource = parent_resource)
old, @scope[:scope_level] = @scope[:scope_level], kind
old_resource, @scope[:scope_level_resource] = @scope[:scope_level_resource], resource
yield
ensure
@scope[:scope_level] = old
@scope[:scope_level_resource] = old_resource
end
def resource_scope(kind, resource) #:nodoc:
with_scope_level(kind, resource) do
scope(parent_resource.resource_scope) do
yield
end
end
end
def nested_options #:nodoc:
options = { :as => parent_resource.member_name }
options[:constraints] = {
parent_resource.nested_param => param_constraint
} if param_constraint?
options
end
def param_constraint? #:nodoc:
@scope[:constraints] && @scope[:constraints][parent_resource.param].is_a?(Regexp)
end
def param_constraint #:nodoc:
@scope[:constraints][parent_resource.param]
end
def canonical_action?(action, flag) #:nodoc:
flag && resource_method_scope? && CANONICAL_ACTIONS.include?(action.to_s)
end
def shallow_scoping? #:nodoc:
shallow? && @scope[:scope_level] == :member
end
def path_for_action(action, path) #:nodoc:
prefix = shallow_scoping? ?
"#{@scope[:shallow_path]}/#{parent_resource.shallow_scope}" : @scope[:path]
if canonical_action?(action, path.blank?)
prefix.to_s
else
"#{prefix}/#{action_path(action, path)}"
end
end
def action_path(name, path = nil) #:nodoc:
name = name.to_sym if name.is_a?(String)
path || @scope[:path_names][name] || name.to_s
end
def prefix_name_for_action(as, action) #:nodoc:
if as
as.to_s
elsif !canonical_action?(action, @scope[:scope_level])
action.to_s
end
end
def name_for_action(as, action) #:nodoc:
prefix = prefix_name_for_action(as, action)
prefix = Mapper.normalize_name(prefix) if prefix
name_prefix = @scope[:as]
if parent_resource
return nil unless as || action
collection_name = parent_resource.collection_name
member_name = parent_resource.member_name
end
name = case @scope[:scope_level]
when :nested
[name_prefix, prefix]
when :collection
[prefix, name_prefix, collection_name]
when :new
[prefix, :new, name_prefix, member_name]
when :member
[prefix, shallow_scoping? ? @scope[:shallow_prefix] : name_prefix, member_name]
when :root
[name_prefix, collection_name, prefix]
else
[name_prefix, member_name, prefix]
end
if candidate = name.select(&:present?).join("_").presence
# If a name was not explicitly given, we check if it is valid
# and return nil in case it isn't. Otherwise, we pass the invalid name
# forward so the underlying router engine treats it and raises an exception.
if as.nil?
candidate unless @set.routes.find { |r| r.name == candidate } || candidate !~ /\A[_a-z]/i
else
candidate
end
end
end
def set_member_mappings_for_resource
member do
get :edit if parent_resource.actions.include?(:edit)
get :show if parent_resource.actions.include?(:show)
if parent_resource.actions.include?(:update)
patch :update
put :update
end
delete :destroy if parent_resource.actions.include?(:destroy)
end
end
end
# Routing Concerns allow you to declare common routes that can be reused
# inside others resources and routes.
#
# concern :commentable do
# resources :comments
# end
#
# concern :image_attachable do
# resources :images, only: :index
# end
#
# These concerns are used in Resources routing:
#
# resources :messages, concerns: [:commentable, :image_attachable]
#
# or in a scope or namespace:
#
# namespace :posts do
# concerns :commentable
# end
module Concerns
# Define a routing concern using a name.
#
# Concerns may be defined inline, using a block, or handled by
# another object, by passing that object as the second parameter.
#
# The concern object, if supplied, should respond to call,
# which will receive two parameters:
#
# * The current mapper
# * A hash of options which the concern object may use
#
# Options may also be used by concerns defined in a block by accepting
# a block parameter. So, using a block, you might do something as
# simple as limit the actions available on certain resources, passing
# standard resource options through the concern:
#
# concern :commentable do |options|
# resources :comments, options
# end
#
# resources :posts, concerns: :commentable
# resources :archived_posts do
# # Don't allow comments on archived posts
# concerns :commentable, only: [:index, :show]
# end
#
# Or, using a callable object, you might implement something more
# specific to your application, which would be out of place in your
# routes file.
#
# # purchasable.rb
# class Purchasable
# def initialize(defaults = {})
# @defaults = defaults
# end
#
# def call(mapper, options = {})
# options = @defaults.merge(options)
# mapper.resources :purchases
# mapper.resources :receipts
# mapper.resources :returns if options[:returnable]
# end
# end
#
# # routes.rb
# concern :purchasable, Purchasable.new(returnable: true)
#
# resources :toys, concerns: :purchasable
# resources :electronics, concerns: :purchasable
# resources :pets do
# concerns :purchasable, returnable: false
# end
#
# Any routing helpers can be used inside a concern. If using a
# callable, they're accessible from the Mapper that's passed to
# call.
def concern(name, callable = nil, &block)
callable ||= lambda { |mapper, options| mapper.instance_exec(options, &block) }
@concerns[name] = callable
end
# Use the named concerns
#
# resources :posts do
# concerns :commentable
# end
#
# concerns also work in any routes helper that you want to use:
#
# namespace :posts do
# concerns :commentable
# end
def concerns(*args)
options = args.extract_options!
args.flatten.each do |name|
if concern = @concerns[name]
concern.call(self, options)
else
raise ArgumentError, "No concern named #{name} was found!"
end
end
end
end
def initialize(set) #:nodoc:
@set = set
@scope = { :path_names => @set.resources_path_names }
@concerns = {}
end
include Base
include HttpHelpers
include Redirection
include Scoping
include Concerns
include Resources
end
end
end