module ActionDispatch # The routing module provides URL rewriting in native Ruby. It's a way to # redirect incoming requests to controllers and actions. This replaces # mod_rewrite rules. Best of all, Rails' \Routing works with any web server. # Routes are defined in config/routes.rb. # # Think of creating routes as drawing a map for your requests. The map tells # them where to go based on some predefined pattern: # # Rails.application.routes.draw do # Pattern 1 tells some request to go to one place # Pattern 2 tell them to go to another # ... # end # # The following symbols are special: # # :controller maps to your controller name # :action maps to an action with your controllers # # Other names simply map to a parameter as in the case of :id. # # == Resources # # Resource routing allows you to quickly declare all of the common routes # for a given resourceful controller. Instead of declaring separate routes # for your +index+, +show+, +new+, +edit+, +create+, +update+ and +destroy+ # actions, a resourceful route declares them in a single line of code: # # resources :photos # # Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without # referencing an ID. A common example, /profile always shows the profile of # the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource # to map /profile (rather than /profile/:id) to the show action. # # resource :profile # # It's common to have resources that are logically children of other # resources: # # resources :magazines do # resources :ads # end # # You may wish to organize groups of controllers under a namespace. Most # commonly, you might group a number of administrative controllers under # an +admin+ namespace. You would place these controllers under the # app/controllers/admin directory, and you can group them together # in your router: # # namespace "admin" do # resources :posts, :comments # end # # Alternatively, you can add prefixes to your path without using a separate # directory by using +scope+. +scope+ takes additional options which # apply to all enclosed routes. # # scope path: "/cpanel", as: 'admin' do # resources :posts, :comments # end # # For more, see Routing::Mapper::Resources#resources, # Routing::Mapper::Scoping#namespace, and # Routing::Mapper::Scoping#scope. # # == Non-resourceful routes # # For routes that don't fit the resources mold, you can use the HTTP helper # methods get, post, patch, put and delete. # # get 'post/:id' => 'posts#show' # post 'post/:id' => 'posts#create_comment' # # If your route needs to respond to more than one HTTP method (or all methods) then using the # :via option on match is preferable. # # match 'post/:id' => 'posts#show', via: [:get, :post] # # Now, if you POST to /posts/:id, it will route to the create_comment action. A GET on the same # URL will route to the show action. # # == Named routes # # Routes can be named by passing an :as option, # allowing for easy reference within your source as +name_of_route_url+ # for the full URL and +name_of_route_path+ for the URI path. # # Example: # # # In routes.rb # get '/login' => 'accounts#login', as: 'login' # # # With render, redirect_to, tests, etc. # redirect_to login_url # # Arguments can be passed as well. # # redirect_to show_item_path(id: 25) # # Use root as a shorthand to name a route for the root path "/". # # # In routes.rb # root to: 'blogs#index' # # # would recognize http://www.example.com/ as # params = { controller: 'blogs', action: 'index' } # # # and provide these named routes # root_url # => 'http://www.example.com/' # root_path # => '/' # # Note: when using +controller+, the route is simply named after the # method you call on the block parameter rather than map. # # # In routes.rb # controller :blog do # get 'blog/show' => :list # get 'blog/delete' => :delete # get 'blog/edit/:id' => :edit # end # # # provides named routes for show, delete, and edit # link_to @article.title, show_path(id: @article.id) # # == Pretty URLs # # Routes can generate pretty URLs. For example: # # get '/articles/:year/:month/:day' => 'articles#find_by_id', constraints: { # year: /\d{4}/, # month: /\d{1,2}/, # day: /\d{1,2}/ # } # # Using the route above, the URL "http://localhost:3000/articles/2005/11/06" # maps to # # params = {year: '2005', month: '11', day: '06'} # # == Regular Expressions and parameters # You can specify a regular expression to define a format for a parameter. # # controller 'geocode' do # get 'geocode/:postalcode' => :show, constraints: { # postalcode: /\d{5}(-\d{4})?/ # } # end # # Constraints can include the 'ignorecase' and 'extended syntax' regular # expression modifiers: # # controller 'geocode' do # get 'geocode/:postalcode' => :show, constraints: { # postalcode: /hx\d\d\s\d[a-z]{2}/i # } # end # # controller 'geocode' do # get 'geocode/:postalcode' => :show, constraints: { # postalcode: /# Postcode format # \d{5} #Prefix # (-\d{4})? #Suffix # /x # } # end # # Using the multiline modifier will raise an +ArgumentError+. # Encoding regular expression modifiers are silently ignored. The # match will always use the default encoding or ASCII. # # == External redirects # # You can redirect any path to another path using the redirect helper in your router: # # get "/stories" => redirect("/posts") # # == Unicode character routes # # You can specify unicode character routes in your router: # # get "こんにちは" => "welcome#index" # # == Routing to Rack Applications # # Instead of a String, like posts#index, which corresponds to the # index action in the PostsController, you can specify any Rack application # as the endpoint for a matcher: # # get "/application.js" => Sprockets # # == Reloading routes # # You can reload routes if you feel you must: # # Rails.application.reload_routes! # # This will clear all named routes and reload routes.rb if the file has been modified from # last load. To absolutely force reloading, use reload!. # # == Testing Routes # # The two main methods for testing your routes: # # === +assert_routing+ # # def test_movie_route_properly_splits # opts = {controller: "plugin", action: "checkout", id: "2"} # assert_routing "plugin/checkout/2", opts # end # # +assert_routing+ lets you test whether or not the route properly resolves into options. # # === +assert_recognizes+ # # def test_route_has_options # opts = {controller: "plugin", action: "show", id: "12"} # assert_recognizes opts, "/plugins/show/12" # end # # Note the subtle difference between the two: +assert_routing+ tests that # a URL fits options while +assert_recognizes+ tests that a URL # breaks into parameters properly. # # In tests you can simply pass the URL or named route to +get+ or +post+. # # def send_to_jail # get '/jail' # assert_response :success # end # # def goes_to_login # get login_url # #... # end # # == View a list of all your routes # # rails routes # # Target specific controllers by prefixing the command with --controller option # - or its -c shorthand. # module Routing extend ActiveSupport::Autoload autoload :Mapper autoload :RouteSet autoload :RoutesProxy autoload :UrlFor autoload :PolymorphicRoutes SEPARATORS = %w( / . ? ) #:nodoc: HTTP_METHODS = [:get, :head, :post, :patch, :put, :delete, :options] #:nodoc: end end