require "active_support/core_ext/object/blank" module ActionDispatch class Request def cookie_jar env['action_dispatch.cookies'] ||= Cookies::CookieJar.build(self) end end # \Cookies are read and written through ActionController#cookies. # # The cookies being read are the ones received along with the request, the cookies # being written will be sent out with the response. Reading a cookie does not get # the cookie object itself back, just the value it holds. # # Examples for writing: # # # Sets a simple session cookie. # # This cookie will be deleted when the user's browser is closed. # cookies[:user_name] = "david" # # # Assign an array of values to a cookie. # cookies[:lat_lon] = [47.68, -122.37] # # # Sets a cookie that expires in 1 hour. # cookies[:login] = { :value => "XJ-122", :expires => 1.hour.from_now } # # # Sets a signed cookie, which prevents a user from tampering with its value. # # The cookie is signed by your app's config.secret_token value. # # Rails generates this value by default when you create a new Rails app. # cookies.signed[:user_id] = current_user.id # # # Sets a "permanent" cookie (which expires in 20 years from now). # cookies.permanent[:login] = "XJ-122" # # # You can also chain these methods: # cookies.permanent.signed[:login] = "XJ-122" # # Examples for reading: # # cookies[:user_name] # => "david" # cookies.size # => 2 # cookies[:lat_lon] # => [47.68, -122.37] # # Example for deleting: # # cookies.delete :user_name # # Please note that if you specify a :domain when setting a cookie, you must also specify the domain when deleting the cookie: # # cookies[:key] = { # :value => 'a yummy cookie', # :expires => 1.year.from_now, # :domain => 'domain.com' # } # # cookies.delete(:key, :domain => 'domain.com') # # The option symbols for setting cookies are: # # * :value - The cookie's value or list of values (as an array). # * :path - The path for which this cookie applies. Defaults to the root # of the application. # * :domain - The domain for which this cookie applies so you can # restrict to the domain level. If you use a schema like www.example.com # and want to share session with user.example.com set :domain # to :all. Make sure to specify the :domain option with # :all again when deleting keys. # # :domain => nil # Does not sets cookie domain. (default) # :domain => :all # Allow the cookie for the top most level # domain and subdomains. # # * :expires - The time at which this cookie expires, as a \Time object. # * :secure - Whether this cookie is a only transmitted to HTTPS servers. # Default is +false+. # * :httponly - Whether this cookie is accessible via scripting or # only HTTP. Defaults to +false+. class Cookies HTTP_HEADER = "Set-Cookie".freeze TOKEN_KEY = "action_dispatch.secret_token".freeze # Raised when storing more than 4K of session data. class CookieOverflow < StandardError; end class CookieJar < Hash #:nodoc: # This regular expression is used to split the levels of a domain. # The top level domain can be any string without a period or # **.**, ***.** style TLDs like co.uk or com.au # # www.example.co.uk gives: # $& => example.co.uk # # example.com gives: # $& => example.com # # lots.of.subdomains.example.local gives: # $& => example.local DOMAIN_REGEXP = /[^.]*\.([^.]*|..\...|...\...)$/ def self.build(request) secret = request.env[TOKEN_KEY] host = request.host secure = request.ssl? new(secret, host, secure).tap do |hash| hash.update(request.cookies) end end def initialize(secret = nil, host = nil, secure = false) @secret = secret @set_cookies = {} @delete_cookies = {} @host = host @secure = secure super() end # Returns the value of the cookie by +name+, or +nil+ if no such cookie exists. def [](name) super(name.to_s) end def handle_options(options) #:nodoc: options[:path] ||= "/" if options[:domain] == :all # if there is a provided tld length then we use it otherwise default domain regexp domain_regexp = options[:tld_length] ? /([^.]+\.?){#{options[:tld_length]}}$/ : DOMAIN_REGEXP # if host is not ip and matches domain regexp # (ip confirms to domain regexp so we explicitly check for ip) options[:domain] = if (@host !~ /^[\d.]+$/) && (@host =~ domain_regexp) ".#{$&}" end elsif options[:domain].is_a? Array # if host matches one of the supplied domains without a dot in front of it options[:domain] = options[:domain].find {|domain| @host.include? domain[/^\.?(.*)$/, 1] } end end # Sets the cookie named +name+. The second argument may be the very cookie # value, or a hash of options as documented above. def []=(key, options) if options.is_a?(Hash) options.symbolize_keys! value = options[:value] else value = options options = { :value => value } end value = super(key.to_s, value) handle_options(options) @set_cookies[key] = options @delete_cookies.delete(key) value end # Removes the cookie on the client machine by setting the value to an empty string # and setting its expiration date into the past. Like []=, you can pass in # an options hash to delete cookies with extra data such as a :path. def delete(key, options = {}) options.symbolize_keys! handle_options(options) value = super(key.to_s) @delete_cookies[key] = options value end # Returns a jar that'll automatically set the assigned cookies to have an expiration date 20 years from now. Example: # # cookies.permanent[:prefers_open_id] = true # # => Set-Cookie: prefers_open_id=true; path=/; expires=Sun, 16-Dec-2029 03:24:16 GMT # # This jar is only meant for writing. You'll read permanent cookies through the regular accessor. # # This jar allows chaining with the signed jar as well, so you can set permanent, signed cookies. Examples: # # cookies.permanent.signed[:remember_me] = current_user.id # # => Set-Cookie: remember_me=BAhU--848956038e692d7046deab32b7131856ab20e14e; path=/; expires=Sun, 16-Dec-2029 03:24:16 GMT def permanent @permanent ||= PermanentCookieJar.new(self, @secret) end # Returns a jar that'll automatically generate a signed representation of cookie value and verify it when reading from # the cookie again. This is useful for creating cookies with values that the user is not supposed to change. If a signed # cookie was tampered with by the user (or a 3rd party), an ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier::InvalidSignature exception will # be raised. # # This jar requires that you set a suitable secret for the verification on your app's config.secret_token. # # Example: # # cookies.signed[:discount] = 45 # # => Set-Cookie: discount=BAhpMg==--2c1c6906c90a3bc4fd54a51ffb41dffa4bf6b5f7; path=/ # # cookies.signed[:discount] # => 45 def signed @signed ||= SignedCookieJar.new(self, @secret) end def write(headers) @set_cookies.each { |k, v| ::Rack::Utils.set_cookie_header!(headers, k, v) if write_cookie?(v) } @delete_cookies.each { |k, v| ::Rack::Utils.delete_cookie_header!(headers, k, v) } end private def write_cookie?(cookie) @secure || !cookie[:secure] || defined?(Rails.env) && Rails.env.development? end end class PermanentCookieJar < CookieJar #:nodoc: def initialize(parent_jar, secret) @parent_jar, @secret = parent_jar, secret end def []=(key, options) if options.is_a?(Hash) options.symbolize_keys! else options = { :value => options } end options[:expires] = 20.years.from_now @parent_jar[key] = options end def signed @signed ||= SignedCookieJar.new(self, @secret) end def method_missing(method, *arguments, &block) @parent_jar.send(method, *arguments, &block) end end class SignedCookieJar < CookieJar #:nodoc: MAX_COOKIE_SIZE = 4096 # Cookies can typically store 4096 bytes. SECRET_MIN_LENGTH = 30 # Characters def initialize(parent_jar, secret) ensure_secret_secure(secret) @parent_jar = parent_jar @verifier = ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier.new(secret) end def [](name) if signed_message = @parent_jar[name] @verifier.verify(signed_message) end rescue ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier::InvalidSignature nil end def []=(key, options) if options.is_a?(Hash) options.symbolize_keys! options[:value] = @verifier.generate(options[:value]) else options = { :value => @verifier.generate(options) } end raise CookieOverflow if options[:value].size > MAX_COOKIE_SIZE @parent_jar[key] = options end def method_missing(method, *arguments, &block) @parent_jar.send(method, *arguments, &block) end protected # To prevent users from using something insecure like "Password" we make sure that the # secret they've provided is at least 30 characters in length. def ensure_secret_secure(secret) if secret.blank? raise ArgumentError, "A secret is required to generate an " + "integrity hash for cookie session data. Use " + "config.secret_token = \"some secret phrase of at " + "least #{SECRET_MIN_LENGTH} characters\"" + "in config/initializers/secret_token.rb" end if secret.length < SECRET_MIN_LENGTH raise ArgumentError, "Secret should be something secure, " + "like \"#{ActiveSupport::SecureRandom.hex(16)}\". The value you " + "provided, \"#{secret}\", is shorter than the minimum length " + "of #{SECRET_MIN_LENGTH} characters" end end end def initialize(app) @app = app end def call(env) status, headers, body = @app.call(env) if cookie_jar = env['action_dispatch.cookies'] cookie_jar.write(headers) if headers[HTTP_HEADER].respond_to?(:join) headers[HTTP_HEADER] = headers[HTTP_HEADER].join("\n") end end [status, headers, body] end end end