From dc47c2be4eb28a92e7fc0f2195b81ed453b8245d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Fabian Schwahn <fabian.schwahn@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2017 10:59:20 +0200
Subject: Remove :polymorphic from INVALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_OPTIONS

This makes automatic inverse detection possible for polymorphic
:has_one & :has_many possible.

This resolves a number of issues, eg. `touch: true` on polymorphic relationships (#16446) and automatically setting inverse associations on newly built objects (#15028, #21843).
---
 activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb | 7 +++----
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
index 24ca8b0be4..c7472372ab 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       VALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_MACROS = [:has_many, :has_one, :belongs_to]
-      INVALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_OPTIONS = [:conditions, :through, :polymorphic, :foreign_key]
+      INVALID_AUTOMATIC_INVERSE_OPTIONS = [:conditions, :through, :foreign_key]
 
       def add_as_source(seed)
         seed
@@ -640,9 +640,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         # us from being able to guess the inverse automatically. First, the
         # <tt>inverse_of</tt> option cannot be set to false. Second, we must
         # have <tt>has_many</tt>, <tt>has_one</tt>, <tt>belongs_to</tt> associations.
-        # Third, we must not have options such as <tt>:polymorphic</tt> or
-        # <tt>:foreign_key</tt> which prevent us from correctly guessing the
-        # inverse association.
+        # Third, we must not have options such as <tt>:foreign_key</tt>
+        # which prevent us from correctly guessing the inverse association.
         #
         # Anything with a scope can additionally ruin our attempt at finding an
         # inverse, so we exclude reflections with scopes.
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From b86e313df53ada181850a057e254052f38014738 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pat Allan <pat@freelancing-gods.com>
Date: Tue, 20 Jun 2017 19:43:21 +1000
Subject: Make ActiveRecord frozen string literal friendly.

---
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb    | 3 +--
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb | 2 +-
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb | 8 ++++----
 .../connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb             | 2 +-
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb     | 2 +-
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb   | 8 ++++----
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb    | 4 ++--
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb  | 2 +-
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb           | 6 +++---
 .../connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb              | 2 +-
 activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb                         | 2 +-
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb                       | 6 +++---
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb         | 4 ++--
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb      | 2 +-
 14 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
index 643226267c..dfe8f221d8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
@@ -197,8 +197,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         def table_alias_for(reflection, parent, join)
           name = "#{reflection.plural_name}_#{parent.table_name}"
-          name << "_join" if join
-          name
+          join ? "#{name}_join" : name
         end
 
         def walk(left, right)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
index 61bf5477aa..627b753f01 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           # this block can't be easily moved into attempt_to_checkout_all_existing_connections's
           # rescue block, because doing so would put it outside of synchronize section, without
           # being in a critical section thread_report might become inaccurate
-          msg = "could not obtain ownership of all database connections in #{checkout_timeout} seconds"
+          msg = "could not obtain ownership of all database connections in #{checkout_timeout} seconds".dup
 
           thread_report = []
           @connections.each do |conn|
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
index 93f4529202..8865e7c703 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         private
 
           def visit_AlterTable(o)
-            sql = "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(o.name)} "
+            sql = "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(o.name)} ".dup
             sql << o.adds.map { |col| accept col }.join(" ")
             sql << o.foreign_key_adds.map { |fk| visit_AddForeignKey fk }.join(" ")
             sql << o.foreign_key_drops.map { |fk| visit_DropForeignKey fk }.join(" ")
@@ -30,17 +30,17 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
           def visit_ColumnDefinition(o)
             o.sql_type = type_to_sql(o.type, o.options)
-            column_sql = "#{quote_column_name(o.name)} #{o.sql_type}"
+            column_sql = "#{quote_column_name(o.name)} #{o.sql_type}".dup
             add_column_options!(column_sql, column_options(o)) unless o.type == :primary_key
             column_sql
           end
 
           def visit_AddColumnDefinition(o)
-            "ADD #{accept(o.column)}"
+            "ADD #{accept(o.column)}".dup
           end
 
           def visit_TableDefinition(o)
-            create_sql = "CREATE#{' TEMPORARY' if o.temporary} TABLE #{quote_table_name(o.name)} "
+            create_sql = "CREATE#{' TEMPORARY' if o.temporary} TABLE #{quote_table_name(o.name)} ".dup
 
             statements = o.columns.map { |c| accept c }
             statements << accept(o.primary_keys) if o.primary_keys
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
index 22d7791dec..9bcd1e85f7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1348,7 +1348,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           sm_table = quote_table_name(ActiveRecord::SchemaMigration.table_name)
 
           if versions.is_a?(Array)
-            sql = "INSERT INTO #{sm_table} (version) VALUES\n"
+            sql = "INSERT INTO #{sm_table} (version) VALUES\n".dup
             sql << versions.map { |v| "(#{quote(v)})" }.join(",\n")
             sql << ";\n\n"
             sql
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
index 85d6fbe8b3..9a085df934 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # this method must only be called while holding connection pool's mutex
       def lease
         if in_use?
-          msg = "Cannot lease connection, "
+          msg = "Cannot lease connection, ".dup
           if @owner == Thread.current
             msg << "it is already leased by the current thread."
           else
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
index 648c869915..ca20ef89da 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def index_algorithms
-        { default: "ALGORITHM = DEFAULT", copy: "ALGORITHM = COPY", inplace: "ALGORITHM = INPLACE" }
+        { default: "ALGORITHM = DEFAULT".dup, copy: "ALGORITHM = COPY".dup, inplace: "ALGORITHM = INPLACE".dup }
       end
 
       # HELPER METHODS ===========================================
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       def add_index(table_name, column_name, options = {}) #:nodoc:
         index_name, index_type, index_columns, _, index_algorithm, index_using, comment = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, options)
-        sql = "CREATE #{index_type} INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} #{index_using} ON #{quote_table_name(table_name)} (#{index_columns}) #{index_algorithm}"
+        sql = "CREATE #{index_type} INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} #{index_using} ON #{quote_table_name(table_name)} (#{index_columns}) #{index_algorithm}".dup
         execute add_sql_comment!(sql, comment)
       end
 
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             super
           end
 
-        sql << " unsigned" if unsigned && type != :primary_key
+        sql = "#{sql} unsigned" if unsigned && type != :primary_key
         sql
       end
 
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/set-statement.html#id944430
           # (trailing comma because variable_assignments will always have content)
           if @config[:encoding]
-            encoding = "NAMES #{@config[:encoding]}"
+            encoding = "NAMES #{@config[:encoding]}".dup
             encoding << " COLLATE #{@config[:collation]}" if @config[:collation]
             encoding << ", "
           end
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
index 083cd6340f..eea4984680 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
 
           def visit_ChangeColumnDefinition(o)
-            change_column_sql = "CHANGE #{quote_column_name(o.name)} #{accept(o.column)}"
+            change_column_sql = "CHANGE #{quote_column_name(o.name)} #{accept(o.column)}".dup
             add_column_position!(change_column_sql, column_options(o.column))
           end
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
           def index_in_create(table_name, column_name, options)
             index_name, index_type, index_columns, _, _, index_using, comment = @conn.add_index_options(table_name, column_name, options)
-            add_sql_comment!("#{index_type} INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} #{index_using} (#{index_columns})", comment)
+            add_sql_comment!("#{index_type} INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} #{index_using} (#{index_columns})".dup, comment)
           end
       end
     end
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
index fc57e41fc9..a01fbba201 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           def data_source_sql(name = nil, type: nil)
             scope = quoted_scope(name, type: type)
 
-            sql = "SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables"
+            sql = "SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables".dup
             sql << " WHERE table_schema = #{scope[:schema]}"
             sql << " AND table_name = #{scope[:name]}" if scope[:name]
             sql << " AND table_type = #{scope[:type]}" if scope[:type]
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
index cb45d7ba6b..0a614e133d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           quoted_table_name = quote_table_name(table_name)
           quoted_column_name = quote_column_name(column_name)
           sql_type = type_to_sql(type, options)
-          sql = "ALTER TABLE #{quoted_table_name} ALTER COLUMN #{quoted_column_name} TYPE #{sql_type}"
+          sql = "ALTER TABLE #{quoted_table_name} ALTER COLUMN #{quoted_column_name} TYPE #{sql_type}".dup
           if options[:collation]
             sql << " COLLATE \"#{options[:collation]}\""
           end
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
               super
             end
 
-          sql << "[]" if array && type != :primary_key
+          sql = "#{sql}[]" if array && type != :primary_key
           sql
         end
 
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             scope = quoted_scope(name, type: type)
             scope[:type] ||= "'r','v','m'" # (r)elation/table, (v)iew, (m)aterialized view
 
-            sql = "SELECT c.relname FROM pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace"
+            sql = "SELECT c.relname FROM pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace".dup
             sql << " WHERE n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}"
             sql << " AND c.relname = #{scope[:name]}" if scope[:name]
             sql << " AND c.relkind IN (#{scope[:type]})"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
index e02491edb6..118f373bdc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             scope = quoted_scope(name, type: type)
             scope[:type] ||= "'table','view'"
 
-            sql = "SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE name <> 'sqlite_sequence'"
+            sql = "SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE name <> 'sqlite_sequence'".dup
             sql << " AND name = #{scope[:name]}" if scope[:name]
             sql << " AND type IN (#{scope[:type]})"
             sql
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
index 8f7ae2c33c..5e67d16e9f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     # Returns a formatted string ready to be logged.
     def exec_explain(queries) # :nodoc:
       str = queries.map do |sql, binds|
-        msg = "EXPLAIN for: #{sql}"
+        msg = "EXPLAIN for: #{sql}".dup
         unless binds.empty?
           msg << " "
           msg << binds.map { |attr| render_bind(attr) }.inspect
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
index 51c82f4ced..1ff1dcad43 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
   class ProtectedEnvironmentError < ActiveRecordError #:nodoc:
     def initialize(env = "production")
-      msg = "You are attempting to run a destructive action against your '#{env}' database.\n"
+      msg = "You are attempting to run a destructive action against your '#{env}' database.\n".dup
       msg << "If you are sure you want to continue, run the same command with the environment variable:\n"
       msg << "DISABLE_DATABASE_ENVIRONMENT_CHECK=1"
       super(msg)
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
   class EnvironmentMismatchError < ActiveRecordError
     def initialize(current: nil, stored: nil)
-      msg =  "You are attempting to modify a database that was last run in `#{ stored }` environment.\n"
+      msg =  "You are attempting to modify a database that was last run in `#{ stored }` environment.\n".dup
       msg << "You are running in `#{ current }` environment. "
       msg << "If you are sure you want to continue, first set the environment using:\n\n"
       msg << "        bin/rails db:environment:set"
@@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           record_version_state_after_migrating(migration.version)
         end
       rescue => e
-        msg = "An error has occurred, "
+        msg = "An error has occurred, ".dup
         msg << "this and " if use_transaction?(migration)
         msg << "all later migrations canceled:\n\n#{e}"
         raise StandardError, msg, e.backtrace
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
index 1d661fa8ed..3c848d3206 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
@@ -335,14 +335,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       name = @klass.name
 
       if ids.nil?
-        error = "Couldn't find #{name}"
+        error = "Couldn't find #{name}".dup
         error << " with#{conditions}" if conditions
         raise RecordNotFound.new(error, name)
       elsif Array(ids).size == 1
         error = "Couldn't find #{name} with '#{key}'=#{ids}#{conditions}"
         raise RecordNotFound.new(error, name, key, ids)
       else
-        error = "Couldn't find all #{name.pluralize} with '#{key}': "
+        error = "Couldn't find all #{name.pluralize} with '#{key}': ".dup
         error << "(#{ids.join(", ")})#{conditions} (found #{result_size} results, but was looking for #{expected_size})"
 
         raise RecordNotFound.new(error, name, primary_key, ids)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
index 541165b3d1..fedc21010b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ IDENTIFIED BY '#{configuration['password']}' WITH GRANT OPTION;
         end
 
         def run_cmd_error(cmd, args, action)
-          msg = "failed to execute: `#{cmd}`\n"
+          msg = "failed to execute: `#{cmd}`\n".dup
           msg << "Please check the output above for any errors and make sure that `#{cmd}` is installed in your PATH and has proper permissions.\n\n"
           msg
         end
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From dbf8ab7f1db400473dd2ac8cd67fc9462f51bc15 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nick Rivadeneira <nicholas.rivadeneira@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 22 Jun 2017 10:35:40 -0400
Subject: Ensure `false` is preserved in attr serialization

---
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
index 38281158d8..78662433eb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
     def encode_with(coder)
       coder["name"] = name
-      coder["value_before_type_cast"] = value_before_type_cast if value_before_type_cast
+      coder["value_before_type_cast"] = value_before_type_cast unless value_before_type_cast.nil?
       coder["type"] = type if type
       coder["original_attribute"] = original_attribute if original_attribute
       coder["value"] = value if defined?(@value)
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 131ed24f5ef41f5470e83fb66cfff61f635bf24d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ryuta Kamizono <kamipo@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2017 02:29:52 +0900
Subject: Should be clear `@association_ids` when joined newly associated
 record

Fixes #29627.
---
 .../active_record/associations/collection_association.rb    | 13 +++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
index bbf3dbb75e..a49fb155ee 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def reset
         super
         @target = []
+        @association_ids = nil
       end
 
       def find(*args)
@@ -355,7 +356,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
             transaction do
               add_to_target(build_record(attributes)) do |record|
                 yield(record) if block_given?
-                insert_record(record, true, raise) { @_was_loaded = loaded? }
+                insert_record(record, true, raise) {
+                  @_was_loaded = loaded?
+                  @association_ids = nil
+                }
               end
             end
           end
@@ -428,7 +432,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
           records.each do |record|
             raise_on_type_mismatch!(record)
             add_to_target(record) do
-              result &&= insert_record(record, true, raise) { @_was_loaded = loaded? } unless owner.new_record?
+              unless owner.new_record?
+                result &&= insert_record(record, true, raise) {
+                  @_was_loaded = loaded?
+                  @association_ids = nil
+                }
+              end
             end
           end
 
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 21d040f97d539fb292bd79453692dc02b19c23f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ryuta Kamizono <kamipo@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2017 06:36:33 +0900
Subject: Don't cache queries for schema statements

`test_middleware_caches` is sometimes failed since #29454.
The failure is due to schema statements are affected by query caching.
Bypassing query caching for schema statements to avoid the issue.
---
 .../abstract/database_statements.rb                | 22 +++++++++---
 .../abstract/schema_statements.rb                  | 12 +++----
 .../connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb  | 20 +++++------
 .../mysql/database_statements.rb                   |  4 +++
 .../connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb     |  4 +--
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb      |  2 +-
 .../postgresql/schema_statements.rb                | 40 ++++++++++------------
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb      | 13 ++++---
 .../sqlite3/schema_statements.rb                   |  2 +-
 .../connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb         |  6 ++--
 10 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
index af5314c1d6..879626b72a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
@@ -51,9 +51,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       # Returns a single value from a record
       def select_value(arel, name = nil, binds = [])
-        if result = select_rows(arel, name, binds).first
-          result.first
-        end
+        single_value_from_rows(select_rows(arel, name, binds))
       end
 
       # Returns an array of the values of the first column in a select:
@@ -68,6 +66,18 @@ module ActiveRecord
         select_all(arel, name, binds).rows
       end
 
+      def query_value(sql, name = nil) # :nodoc:
+        single_value_from_rows(query(sql, name))
+      end
+
+      def query_values(sql, name = nil) # :nodoc:
+        query(sql, name).map(&:first)
+      end
+
+      def query(sql, name = nil) # :nodoc:
+        exec_query(sql, name).rows
+      end
+
       # Executes the SQL statement in the context of this connection and returns
       # the raw result from the connection adapter.
       # Note: depending on your database connector, the result returned by this
@@ -410,7 +420,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def last_inserted_id(result)
-          row = result.rows.first
+          single_value_from_rows(result.rows)
+        end
+
+        def single_value_from_rows(rows)
+          row = rows.first
           row && row.first
         end
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
index 22d7791dec..41d900733a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # Returns the relation names useable to back Active Record models.
       # For most adapters this means all #tables and #views.
       def data_sources
-        select_values(data_source_sql, "SCHEMA")
+        query_values(data_source_sql, "SCHEMA")
       rescue NotImplementedError
         tables | views
       end
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   data_source_exists?(:ebooks)
       #
       def data_source_exists?(name)
-        select_values(data_source_sql(name), "SCHEMA").any? if name.present?
+        query_values(data_source_sql(name), "SCHEMA").any? if name.present?
       rescue NotImplementedError
         data_sources.include?(name.to_s)
       end
 
       # Returns an array of table names defined in the database.
       def tables
-        select_values(data_source_sql(type: "BASE TABLE"), "SCHEMA")
+        query_values(data_source_sql(type: "BASE TABLE"), "SCHEMA")
       end
 
       # Checks to see if the table +table_name+ exists on the database.
@@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   table_exists?(:developers)
       #
       def table_exists?(table_name)
-        select_values(data_source_sql(table_name, type: "BASE TABLE"), "SCHEMA").any? if table_name.present?
+        query_values(data_source_sql(table_name, type: "BASE TABLE"), "SCHEMA").any? if table_name.present?
       rescue NotImplementedError
         tables.include?(table_name.to_s)
       end
 
       # Returns an array of view names defined in the database.
       def views
-        select_values(data_source_sql(type: "VIEW"), "SCHEMA")
+        query_values(data_source_sql(type: "VIEW"), "SCHEMA")
       end
 
       # Checks to see if the view +view_name+ exists on the database.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   view_exists?(:ebooks)
       #
       def view_exists?(view_name)
-        select_values(data_source_sql(view_name, type: "VIEW"), "SCHEMA").any? if view_name.present?
+        query_values(data_source_sql(view_name, type: "VIEW"), "SCHEMA").any? if view_name.present?
       rescue NotImplementedError
         views.include?(view_name.to_s)
       end
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
index 183f0f3c1b..6a907699e9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def get_advisory_lock(lock_name, timeout = 0) # :nodoc:
-        select_value("SELECT GET_LOCK(#{quote(lock_name)}, #{timeout})") == 1
+        query_value("SELECT GET_LOCK(#{quote(lock_name)}, #{timeout})") == 1
       end
 
       def release_advisory_lock(lock_name) # :nodoc:
-        select_value("SELECT RELEASE_LOCK(#{quote(lock_name)})") == 1
+        query_value("SELECT RELEASE_LOCK(#{quote(lock_name)})") == 1
       end
 
       def native_database_types
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY ====================================
 
       def disable_referential_integrity #:nodoc:
-        old = select_value("SELECT @@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS")
+        old = query_value("SELECT @@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS")
 
         begin
           update("SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0")
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def current_database
-        select_value "SELECT DATABASE() as db"
+        query_value("SELECT database()", "SCHEMA")
       end
 
       # Returns the database character set.
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def table_comment(table_name) # :nodoc:
         scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
 
-        select_value(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
+        query_value(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
           SELECT table_comment
           FROM information_schema.tables
           WHERE table_schema = #{scope[:schema]}
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
 
-        fk_info = select_all(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
+        fk_info = exec_query(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
           SELECT fk.referenced_table_name AS 'to_table',
                  fk.referenced_column_name AS 'primary_key',
                  fk.column_name AS 'column',
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       # SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'name'
       def show_variable(name)
-        select_value("SELECT @@#{name}", "SCHEMA")
+        query_value("SELECT @@#{name}", "SCHEMA")
       rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
         nil
       end
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
 
-        select_values(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
+        query_values(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
           SELECT column_name
           FROM information_schema.key_column_usage
           WHERE constraint_name = 'PRIMARY'
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             auto_increment: column.auto_increment?
           }
 
-          current_type = select_one("SHOW COLUMNS FROM #{quote_table_name(table_name)} LIKE #{quote(column_name)}", "SCHEMA")["Type"]
+          current_type = exec_query("SHOW COLUMNS FROM #{quote_table_name(table_name)} LIKE #{quote(column_name)}", "SCHEMA").first["Type"]
           td = create_table_definition(table_name)
           cd = td.new_column_definition(new_column_name, current_type, options)
           schema_creation.accept(ChangeColumnDefinition.new(cd, column.name))
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def create_table_info(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          select_one("SHOW CREATE TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)}")["Create Table"]
+          exec_query("SHOW CREATE TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)}", "SCHEMA").first["Create Table"]
         end
 
         def arel_visitor
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
index 9f1021456b..bda482a00f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
           result
         end
 
+        def query(sql, name = nil) # :nodoc:
+          execute(sql, name).to_a
+        end
+
         # Executes the SQL statement in the context of this connection.
         def execute(sql, name = nil)
           # make sure we carry over any changes to ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone that have been
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
index f21b2546de..eff96e329f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           def schema_collation(column)
             if column.collation && table_name = column.table_name
               @table_collation_cache ||= {}
-              @table_collation_cache[table_name] ||= select_one("SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE #{quote(table_name)}")["Collation"]
+              @table_collation_cache[table_name] ||= exec_query("SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE #{quote(table_name)}", "SCHEMA").first["Collation"]
               column.collation.inspect if column.collation != @table_collation_cache[table_name]
             end
           end
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
                     " WHERE table_schema = #{scope[:schema]}" \
                     "   AND table_name = #{scope[:name]}" \
                     "   AND column_name = #{quote(column.name)}"
-              select_value(sql, "SCHEMA").inspect
+              query_value(sql, "SCHEMA").inspect
             end
           end
       end
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
index 44eb666965..ee4230c6f2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         private
           def lookup_cast_type(sql_type)
-            super(select_value("SELECT #{quote(sql_type)}::regtype::oid", "SCHEMA").to_i)
+            super(query_value("SELECT #{quote(sql_type)}::regtype::oid", "SCHEMA").to_i)
           end
 
           def _quote(value)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
index 7aa034f901..8a999a8429 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         # Returns true if schema exists.
         def schema_exists?(name)
-          select_value("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pg_namespace WHERE nspname = #{quote(name)}", "SCHEMA").to_i > 0
+          query_value("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pg_namespace WHERE nspname = #{quote(name)}", "SCHEMA").to_i > 0
         end
 
         # Verifies existence of an index with a given name.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           table = quoted_scope(table_name)
           index = quoted_scope(index_name)
 
-          select_value(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA").to_i > 0
+          query_value(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA").to_i > 0
             SELECT COUNT(*)
             FROM pg_class t
             INNER JOIN pg_index d ON t.oid = d.indrelid
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         def table_comment(table_name) # :nodoc:
           scope = quoted_scope(table_name, type: "BASE TABLE")
           if scope[:name]
-            select_value(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
+            query_value(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
               SELECT pg_catalog.obj_description(c.oid, 'pg_class')
               FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
                 LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
@@ -176,32 +176,32 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         # Returns the current database name.
         def current_database
-          select_value("SELECT current_database()", "SCHEMA")
+          query_value("SELECT current_database()", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Returns the current schema name.
         def current_schema
-          select_value("SELECT current_schema", "SCHEMA")
+          query_value("SELECT current_schema", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Returns the current database encoding format.
         def encoding
-          select_value("SELECT pg_encoding_to_char(encoding) FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
+          query_value("SELECT pg_encoding_to_char(encoding) FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Returns the current database collation.
         def collation
-          select_value("SELECT datcollate FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
+          query_value("SELECT datcollate FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Returns the current database ctype.
         def ctype
-          select_value("SELECT datctype FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
+          query_value("SELECT datctype FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Returns an array of schema names.
         def schema_names
-          select_values(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA")
+          query_values(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA")
             SELECT nspname
               FROM pg_namespace
              WHERE nspname !~ '^pg_.*'
@@ -234,12 +234,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         # Returns the active schema search path.
         def schema_search_path
-          @schema_search_path ||= select_value("SHOW search_path", "SCHEMA")
+          @schema_search_path ||= query_value("SHOW search_path", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Returns the current client message level.
         def client_min_messages
-          select_value("SHOW client_min_messages", "SCHEMA")
+          query_value("SHOW client_min_messages", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Set the client message level.
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def serial_sequence(table, column)
-          select_value("SELECT pg_get_serial_sequence(#{quote(table)}, #{quote(column)})", "SCHEMA")
+          query_value("SELECT pg_get_serial_sequence(#{quote(table)}, #{quote(column)})", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
         # Sets the sequence of a table's primary key to the specified value.
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             if sequence
               quoted_sequence = quote_table_name(sequence)
 
-              select_value("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{value})", "SCHEMA")
+              query_value("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{value})", "SCHEMA")
             else
               @logger.warn "#{table} has primary key #{pk} with no default sequence." if @logger
             end
@@ -290,18 +290,16 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
           if pk && sequence
             quoted_sequence = quote_table_name(sequence)
-            max_pk = select_value("select MAX(#{quote_column_name pk}) from #{quote_table_name(table)}")
+            max_pk = query_value("SELECT MAX(#{quote_column_name pk}) FROM #{quote_table_name(table)}", "SCHEMA")
             if max_pk.nil?
               if postgresql_version >= 100000
-                minvalue = select_value("SELECT seqmin from pg_sequence where seqrelid = #{quote(quoted_sequence)}::regclass")
+                minvalue = query_value("SELECT seqmin FROM pg_sequence WHERE seqrelid = #{quote(quoted_sequence)}::regclass", "SCHEMA")
               else
-                minvalue = select_value("SELECT min_value FROM #{quoted_sequence}")
+                minvalue = query_value("SELECT min_value FROM #{quoted_sequence}", "SCHEMA")
               end
             end
 
-            select_value(<<-end_sql, "SCHEMA")
-              SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{max_pk ? max_pk : minvalue}, #{max_pk ? true : false})
-            end_sql
+            query_value("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{max_pk ? max_pk : minvalue}, #{max_pk ? true : false})", "SCHEMA")
           end
         end
 
@@ -360,7 +358,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def primary_keys(table_name) # :nodoc:
-          select_values(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
+          query_values(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
             SELECT a.attname
               FROM (
                      SELECT indrelid, indkey, generate_subscripts(indkey, 1) idx
@@ -511,7 +509,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         def foreign_keys(table_name)
           scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
-          fk_info = select_all(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
+          fk_info = exec_query(<<-SQL.strip_heredoc, "SCHEMA")
             SELECT t2.oid::regclass::text AS to_table, a1.attname AS column, a2.attname AS primary_key, c.conname AS name, c.confupdtype AS on_update, c.confdeltype AS on_delete
             FROM pg_constraint c
             JOIN pg_class t1 ON c.conrelid = t1.oid
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
index 99edbe486f..e63563afc4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
@@ -312,14 +312,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
         unless lock_id.is_a?(Integer) && lock_id.bit_length <= 63
           raise(ArgumentError, "Postgres requires advisory lock ids to be a signed 64 bit integer")
         end
-        select_value("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock(#{lock_id});")
+        query_value("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock(#{lock_id})")
       end
 
       def release_advisory_lock(lock_id) # :nodoc:
         unless lock_id.is_a?(Integer) && lock_id.bit_length <= 63
           raise(ArgumentError, "Postgres requires advisory lock ids to be a signed 64 bit integer")
         end
-        select_value("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock(#{lock_id})")
+        query_value("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock(#{lock_id})")
       end
 
       def enable_extension(name)
@@ -336,15 +336,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       def extension_enabled?(name)
         if supports_extensions?
-          res = exec_query "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = '#{name}' AND installed_version IS NOT NULL) as enabled",
-            "SCHEMA"
+          res = exec_query("SELECT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = '#{name}' AND installed_version IS NOT NULL) as enabled", "SCHEMA")
           res.cast_values.first
         end
       end
 
       def extensions
         if supports_extensions?
-          exec_query("SELECT extname from pg_extension", "SCHEMA").cast_values
+          exec_query("SELECT extname FROM pg_extension", "SCHEMA").cast_values
         else
           super
         end
@@ -352,14 +351,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       # Returns the configured supported identifier length supported by PostgreSQL
       def table_alias_length
-        @max_identifier_length ||= select_value("SHOW max_identifier_length", "SCHEMA").to_i
+        @max_identifier_length ||= query_value("SHOW max_identifier_length", "SCHEMA").to_i
       end
       alias index_name_length table_alias_length
 
       # Set the authorized user for this session
       def session_auth=(user)
         clear_cache!
-        exec_query "SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION #{user}"
+        execute("SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION #{user}")
       end
 
       def use_insert_returning?
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
index e02491edb6..00ff804e80 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
 
           exec_query("PRAGMA index_list(#{quote_table_name(table_name)})", "SCHEMA").map do |row|
-            index_sql = select_value(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA")
+            index_sql = query_value(<<-SQL, "SCHEMA")
               SELECT sql
               FROM sqlite_master
               WHERE name = #{quote(row['name'])} AND type = 'index'
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
index ee2faf43b5..17c63d4b5f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY ====================================
 
       def disable_referential_integrity # :nodoc:
-        old = select_value("PRAGMA foreign_keys")
+        old = query_value("PRAGMA foreign_keys")
 
         begin
           execute("PRAGMA foreign_keys = OFF")
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       alias :add_belongs_to :add_reference
 
       def foreign_keys(table_name)
-        fk_info = select_all("PRAGMA foreign_key_list(#{quote(table_name)})", "SCHEMA")
+        fk_info = exec_query("PRAGMA foreign_key_list(#{quote(table_name)})", "SCHEMA")
         fk_info.map do |row|
           options = {
             column: row["from"],
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def sqlite_version
-          @sqlite_version ||= SQLite3Adapter::Version.new(select_value("SELECT sqlite_version(*)"))
+          @sqlite_version ||= SQLite3Adapter::Version.new(query_value("SELECT sqlite_version(*)"))
         end
 
         def translate_exception(exception, message)
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From cfade1ec7ee7b5b51f3c1578e3474f9c156f2971 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kir Shatrov <shatrov@me.com>
Date: Thu, 22 Jun 2017 22:59:18 -0400
Subject: Enforce frozen string in Rubocop

---
 activerecord/lib/active_record.rb                                        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb                           | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb                           | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb               | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb        | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb     | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb           | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb      | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb       | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb           | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb      | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb        | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb     | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb      | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb      | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb                              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb                      | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb                          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb                  | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb                             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb                                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb                              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb                     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb                   | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb    | 1 +
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb   | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb      | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb  | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb   | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb      | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb             | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb    | 1 +
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb       | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb   | 1 +
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb      | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb       | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb     | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb  | 1 +
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb  | 1 +
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb     | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb  | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb        | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb      | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb       | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb        | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb        | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb        | 1 +
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb             | 1 +
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb           | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb | 1 +
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb              | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb  | 1 +
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb   | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb    | 1 +
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb  | 1 +
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb  | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb    | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb     | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb  | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb       | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb                    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb                                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb                          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb                                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb                                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb                                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb                     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb                               | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb                      | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb                    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb                     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb                    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb                         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb                              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb                           | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb                      | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb                          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb                               | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb                                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb               | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb               | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb                    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb                             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb                               | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb      | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb                  | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb                    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb                        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb             | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb        | 1 +
 .../active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb  | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb         | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb | 1 +
 .../active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb  | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb        | 1 +
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb               | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb                  | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb                                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb                           | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb                                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb                          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb                                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb                        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb                          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb                           | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb                          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb                        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb                                  | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb                             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb                         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb                           | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb                                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb                              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb                         | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb             | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb                              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb                        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb                              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb                              | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb                          | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb                  | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb                        | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb                            | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb                    | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb                     | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb                   | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb                 | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb                                | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb                       | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb             | 1 +
 .../lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb  | 1 +
 activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb | 1 +
 242 files changed, 242 insertions(+)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb
index 29f49c6195..11300da52a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 #--
 # Copyright (c) 2004-2017 David Heinemeier Hansson
 #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb
index 10cbd5429c..e0caad5381 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # See ActiveRecord::Aggregations::ClassMethods for documentation
   module Aggregations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb
index de2d03cd0b..a79112cb3b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class AssociationRelation < Relation
     def initialize(klass, table, predicate_builder, association)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
index f05a122544..13db82b2aa 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/enumerable"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/conversions"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/remove_method"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb
index 104de4f69d..eb81ba5ff6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/conversions"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb
index 1138ae3462..0fca4467f9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array/wrap"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb
index 6ef225b725..900ebda2bb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class AssociationScope #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb
index 0e61dbfb00..b8d3173dc7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Belongs To Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb
index b710cf6bdb..15aae53e80 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Belongs To Polymorphic Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb
index d0534056d9..df8d77a5d1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This is the parent Association class which defines the variables
 # used by all associations.
 #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
index 2b9dd8aae8..7c2cc61ecd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class BelongsTo < SingularAssociation #:nodoc:
     def self.macro
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb
index edeb6491bd..4de3371d54 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This class is inherited by the has_many and has_many_and_belongs_to_many association classes
 
 require "active_record/associations"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
index 6b71826431..c3e62c1a3d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class HasAndBelongsToMany # :nodoc:
     class JoinTableResolver # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb
index 7864d4c536..3e83fad619 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class HasMany < CollectionAssociation #:nodoc:
     def self.macro
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb
index 4de846d12b..66135bbc2d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class HasOne < SingularAssociation #:nodoc:
     def self.macro
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb
index 7732b63af6..3a154ba25f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This class is inherited by the has_one and belongs_to association classes
 
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
index bbf3dbb75e..f73b0b90cf 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     # = Active Record Association Collection
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
index d77fcaf668..6ccdaebbe3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     # Association proxies in Active Record are middlemen between the object that
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb
index 3ceec0ee46..1fb6ff7bff 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations
   module ForeignAssociation # :nodoc:
     def foreign_key_present?
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
index 10ca0e47ff..4e0c89791e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has Many Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
index 2fd20b4368..c4ed91aeca 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has Many Through Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb
index 8458253ff8..a78c1b1d32 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has One Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb
index 1183bdf6f4..1e8b2244d9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has One Through Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
index bc66194aef..575051c45a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class JoinDependency # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb
index 005410d598..5df23e92ca 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb
index fca20514d1..aa02c5f056 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb
index 80c9fde5d1..0604333f30 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class JoinDependency # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb
index 208d1b2670..130494f712 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     # Implements the details of eager loading of Active Record associations.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb
index 63ef3f2d8c..6a8425c989 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb
index c20145770f..ee7be18d15 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb
index 26690bf16d..59c0bc4d8e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb
index 20df1cc19a..197f561b95 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb
index 2029871f39..3bd561c187 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb
index c4add621ca..d6254d8c56 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb
index f063f85574..512ca82005 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb
index 5c5828262e..5583c7d79c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb
index 34587fd3f5..8e12afc695 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
index f8bbe4c2ed..891caa44c3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class SingularAssociation < Association #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb
index 6b87993ba3..fd4c1a1e78 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Through Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
index 38281158d8..61e8d4d849 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Attribute # :nodoc:
     class << self
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb
index 57f8bbed76..b2e9ff9d99 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb
index d0dfca0cac..39ba094b6d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/forbidden_attributes_protection"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb
index 5bc8527745..cb744d7b61 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeDecorators # :nodoc:
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb
index 83c61fad19..b718da8555 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/enumerable"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 require "mutex_m"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb
index 115eb1ef3f..7cdb85e6cf 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     # = Active Record Attribute Methods Before Type Cast
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb
index b9b2acff37..ca21eae7c1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "set"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb
index 10498f4322..db86ef428e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Query
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb
index fdc4bf6621..9d85af9424 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Read
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb
index 4d9aff76cc..0f267e3a34 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Serialization
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb
index 1f1efe8812..0c5f0a2fd1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module TimeZoneConversion
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb
index 75c5a1a600..166cab7dd6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Write
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb
index 4de993e169..4b0d52742b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class AttributeMutationTracker # :nodoc:
     OPTION_NOT_GIVEN = Object.new
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb
index 01f9d815d5..76de68ac70 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute_set/builder"
 require "active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb
index 2f624d32af..9b75f185f7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb
index 899de14792..f3d726f53c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class AttributeSet
     # Attempts to do more intelligent YAML dumping of an
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb
index 475b9beec4..0dceb417a5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute/user_provided_default"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
index 70f0e2af8e..137e9673ab 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Autosave Association
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb
index ac1aa2df45..5229c82f3a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "yaml"
 require "active_support/benchmarkable"
 require "active_support/dependencies"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb
index eb44887e18..b25a8e4033 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Callbacks
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb
index cb185a881e..a7ad65fbf4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Coders # :nodoc:
     class JSON # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb
index 9c52a31b95..7186252b8b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "yaml"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb
index 8b937b6703..7831aee3a4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module CollectionCacheKey
     def collection_cache_key(collection = all, timestamp_column = :updated_at) # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
index 61bf5477aa..fcdef9f033 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "thread"
 require "concurrent/map"
 require "monitor"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb
index 407e019326..6331b1546a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module DatabaseLimits
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
index af5314c1d6..d36e8d7fdd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module DatabaseStatements
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb
index c352ddfc11..31d8f53a10 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module QueryCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb
index 61233dcc51..631e5176bb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/big_decimal/conversions"
 require "active_support/multibyte/chars"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb
index 3a06f75292..b1b793828d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module Savepoints
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
index 93f4529202..19f0d7558e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb
index a30fbe0e05..6dbf669993 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters #:nodoc:
     # Abstract representation of an index definition on a table. Instances of
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb
index 34036d8a1d..ef8038b5c3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     # The goal of this module is to move Adapter specific column
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
index 22d7791dec..cf93eb052b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/migration/join_table"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/access"
 require "digest"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
index 19b7821494..013cf5bfb6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class TransactionState
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
index 85d6fbe8b3..820803f715 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/type"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
index 183f0f3c1b..4e29801d3e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb
index 61cd7ae4cc..34eca70253 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # :stopdoc:
   module ConnectionAdapters
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb
index 3e4ea28f63..de54787458 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "uri"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb
index 0fdc185c45..e57147221f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module DetermineIfPreparableVisitor
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb
index c9ad47c035..8bdc2a1622 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
index 9f1021456b..733b4ce734 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
index 9691060cd3..f174ba5b0e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb
index d4f5906b33..9fcf1e0a89 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
index 083cd6340f..285aed12e2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb
index 6d88c14d50..b62b857bb7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
index f21b2546de..1748bceb4e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
index fc57e41fc9..7d6fa4b60a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb
index 9ad6a6c0d0..aa4d98e06b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb
index af55cfe2f6..350a99a2e4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb
index 3ad1911a28..36382b6d57 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     # PostgreSQL-specific extensions to column definitions in a table.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb
index ebf1715ed0..659b860cce 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
index 99f3a5bbdf..21d0b4a0d2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb
index 4098250f3e..ea07b48430 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb
index a73a8c1726..fd629012ec 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb
index 0a505f46a7..70e84d85c2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb
index 4c21097d48..b4ea3b4edd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb
index 702fa8175c..4902a64330 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb
index 5225609e37..2007665ec0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "ipaddr"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb
index b7acbf7178..110771e7a2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb
index 43d22c8daf..bc720a36c8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb
index 950d23d516..db1cd22b48 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb
index 49dd4fc73f..828bcd23dd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb
index 96486fa65b..4cc78a8c10 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb
index 3c706c27c4..bb0f8487fa 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb
index a1fec289d4..fcb6c1498d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb
index 775eecaf85..3ed9fefee8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb
index 7a91272d1c..cc3e0c9169 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb
index 9c2ac08b30..d8b47e8e29 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb
index 7c764e7287..3275f28d0c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   Point = Struct.new(:x, :y)
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb
index 54d5d0902e..eddb0fb0ac 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb
index 564e82a4ac..f5270a64ab 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb
index d9ae1aa7a2..503691f7fc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb
index 5e839228e9..2fdf3b5d8e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb
index b26e876b54..6d86a221a7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb
index d40d837cee..f0e21f9f23 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
index 44eb666965..9ffa81ec59 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb
index 44a7338bf5..3387bad79f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb
index e1d5089115..5fab6f60d2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb
index 11ea1e5144..32b7239f54 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb
index 5555a46b6b..a631e4534f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
index 7aa034f901..b746304c27 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb
index f57179ae59..110cc88872 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class PostgreSQLTypeMetadata < DelegateClass(SqlTypeMetadata)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb
index aa7940188a..6a4d6d50bd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
index 99edbe486f..edf313f49d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # Make sure we're using pg high enough for type casts and Ruby 2.2+ compatibility
 gem "pg", "~> 0.18"
 require "pg"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb
index 4d339b0a8c..32aa9d803b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class SchemaCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb
index 9e12ae0de8..e6908e9846 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # :stopdoc:
   module ConnectionAdapters
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb
index 6fe3e1211e..01cfafdd2b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb
index 7276a65098..c5bc797d48 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb
index bc798d1dbb..bcd43eac08 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb
index e157e4b218..7bbda675eb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb
index eec018eda3..d265a60206 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
index e02491edb6..9c10970d34 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
index ee2faf43b5..c4cbdb588c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb
index 790db56185..e7c237d42f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class StatementPool # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb
index b8fbb489b6..61f160b99d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionHandling
     RAILS_ENV   = -> { (Rails.env if defined?(Rails.env)) || ENV["RAILS_ENV"].presence || ENV["RACK_ENV"].presence }
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb
index 198c712abc..f1eaa07f1a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "thread"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb
index cbd71a3779..5dcd28244a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Counter Cache
   module CounterCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb
index 7d955a24be..291ebd3678 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # This module exists because `ActiveRecord::AttributeMethods::Dirty` needs to
   # define callbacks, but continue to have its version of `save` be the super
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb
index 3a9625092e..a3425c8097 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module DynamicMatchers #:nodoc:
     private
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb
index 12ef58a941..86ffa28306 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/deep_dup"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb
index 60d4fb70e0..7507d61535 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Errors
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
index 8f7ae2c33c..c6a9e2a67c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/explain_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb
index ef1ce3dc85..0af48be6fd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb
index abd8cfc8f2..07a412a8a1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/notifications"
 require "active_record/explain_registry"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb
index 6cf2e01179..93b8ba07e9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "erb"
 require "yaml"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb
index e9acb8acae..1835965b7f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "erb"
 require "yaml"
 require "zlib"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb
index 1a937dbcf7..a0434766f5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # Returns the version of the currently loaded Active Record as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>
   def self.gem_version
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb
index 5776807507..10911b9a3e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb
index cf954852bc..2bb96457c6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb
index 25ee9d6bfe..9ec6b51cb3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/scoping/default"
 require "active_record/scoping/named"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb
index c7683f68c7..ba74f1a56c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module LegacyYamlAdapter
     def self.convert(klass, coder)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
index 522da6a571..2e2f2979d8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Locking
     # == What is Optimistic Locking
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
index 263e2a5f7f..0fb4dc3a35 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Locking
     # Locking::Pessimistic provides support for row-level locking using
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb
index e39ca5f6dc..e8593c1a48 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class LogSubscriber < ActiveSupport::LogSubscriber
     IGNORE_PAYLOAD_NAMES = ["SCHEMA", "EXPLAIN"]
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
index 51c82f4ced..f83842958c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "set"
 require "zlib"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb
index f9cf59b283..1641044841 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Migration
     # <tt>ActiveRecord::Migration::CommandRecorder</tt> records commands done during
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb
index 188dd0acef..ccb1b2ddd7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Migration
     module Compatibility # :nodoc: all
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb
index 89789f00ea..026217880c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Migration
     module JoinTable #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb
index 14e0f5bff7..e846bcc1a1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "monitor"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb
index 917bc76993..43d4364e35 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/try"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb
index 4059020e25..84ee036c17 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record No Touching
   module NoTouching
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb
index 26966f9433..6d65154a14 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module NullRelation # :nodoc:
     def pluck(*column_names)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
index b2dba5516e..c310ae3575 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Persistence
   module Persistence
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb
index e4c2e1f86f..17e6bbfec0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Query Cache
   class QueryCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb
index b16e178358..dd7d833a96 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Querying
     delegate :find, :take, :take!, :first, :first!, :last, :last!, :exists?, :any?, :many?, :none?, :one?, to: :all
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb
index 73518ca144..441dca9fe7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record"
 require "rails"
 require "active_model/railtie"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb
index 604a220303..03286eacbb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 ActiveRecord::Base.connection.begin_transaction(joinable: false)
 
 at_exit do
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb
index 8658188623..297f3fc8bc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal"
 require "active_record/log_subscriber"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
index 711099e9e1..7c0d066e88 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record"
 
 db_namespace = namespace :db do
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb
index d7cf4df339..f614c067d7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 #FIXME Remove if ArJdbcMysql will give.
 module ArJdbcMySQL #:nodoc:
   class Error < StandardError #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb
index af6473d250..7bf305eb31 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ReadonlyAttributes
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
index 73761ed7ed..be76256186 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "thread"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 require "active_support/deprecation"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb
index 52f5d5f3e3..55b59eeb54 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Relation
   class Relation
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb
index 13a2c3f511..ac48ffb1bc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb
index 3555779ec2..02c70d5cf0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Batches
     class BatchEnumerator
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb
index 8a54f8f2c3..6514c7bde8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Calculations
     # Count the records.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb
index 48c4dcdef4..6d3b59d339 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Delegation # :nodoc:
     module DelegateCache # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
index df8909379f..caa65af50c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb
index 8945cb0cc5..ea838b79a6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     class FromClause # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb
index 5dac00724a..84c31e4126 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb
index 7dea5deec5..72314180dd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder # :nodoc:
     delegate :resolve_column_aliases, to: :table
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb
index 1068e700e2..4d0778df36 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class ArrayHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb
index 3e19646ae5..66690d6b5c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class AssociationQueryValue # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb
index 3bb1037885..3472b16cef 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class BaseHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb
index 79cde00303..3190602506 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class BasicObjectHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb
index 7029ae5f47..5032177757 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class PolymorphicArrayValue # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb
index 5db778e19c..ddd804b508 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class RangeHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb
index 8a910a82fe..4e1e644599 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class RelationHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb
index a68e508fcc..410a375e52 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
index d44f6fd572..4ddc933e3d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/relation/from_clause"
 require "active_record/relation/query_attribute"
 require "active_record/relation/where_clause"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb
index 31544c730e..8e221f1570 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     module RecordFetchWarning
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb
index ada89b5ec3..8b7b01259e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
 require "active_record/relation/merger"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb
index 119910ee79..a809752928 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     class WhereClause # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb
index b862dd56a5..156088f534 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     class WhereClauseFactory # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb
index 26b1d48e9e..5e1c0bfefc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   ###
   # This class encapsulates a result returned from calling
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb
index b79eb2263f..d068d8898e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb
index 64bda1539c..a39e1a2e73 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Sanitization
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb
index 5104427339..2578c5e3ef 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Schema
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb
index 66a2846f3a..767da6816d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "stringio"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb
index f59737afb0..e6336dfde3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/scoping/default"
 require "active_record/scoping/named"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb
index 94e0ef6724..c2cd35ee3b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb
index 70b2693b28..eeb89c405a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Scoping
     module Default
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb
index b4026fabb2..c16cbce109 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/kernel/singleton_class"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb
index 115799cc20..3b2d7e10bd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module SecureToken
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb
index db2bd0b55e..1907defb2e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord #:nodoc:
   # = Active Record \Serialization
   module Serialization
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb
index 1877489e55..fd04f9aedb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # Statement cache is used to cache a single statement in order to avoid creating the AST again.
   # Initializing the cache is done by passing the statement in the create block:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb
index 006afe7495..37888c28b5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb
index d9acb1a1dc..02185c2e0b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # ActiveRecord::Suppressor prevents the receiver from being saved during
   # a given block.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb
index 71efc1829a..a5dd3008d0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class TableMetadata # :nodoc:
     delegate :foreign_type, :foreign_key, to: :association, prefix: true
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb
index ba686fc562..bdfa683be4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Tasks # :nodoc:
     class DatabaseAlreadyExists < StandardError; end # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
index c25d87dd3e..447bf09a4f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Tasks # :nodoc:
     class MySQLDatabaseTasks # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb
index 7f1a768d8b..e49480b27b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "tempfile"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb
index 01562b21e9..559142b57a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Tasks # :nodoc:
     class SQLiteDatabaseTasks # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
index cacde9c881..1e484e59e3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Touch Later
   module TouchLater
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
index 45795fa287..4e8d2a44e1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # See ActiveRecord::Transactions::ClassMethods for documentation.
   module Transactions
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb
index ddcb5f2a7a..ecc508902c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Translation
     include ActiveModel::Translation
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb
index 9ed6c95bf9..a179582e13 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type"
 
 require "active_record/type/internal/timezone"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb
index 7cc866f7a7..f24b9b9a36 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type/registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb
index ccafed054e..f1a40a8a6b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Date < ActiveModel::Type::Date
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb
index 1fb9380ecd..dadd76dbe0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class DateTime < ActiveModel::Type::DateTime
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb
index 53a5e205da..ed0a4cfb23 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class DecimalWithoutScale < ActiveModel::Type::BigInteger # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb
index 0145d5d6c1..96b6297132 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class HashLookupTypeMap < TypeMap # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb
index 947e06158a..0c7d8ed76e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     module Internal
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb
index c4732fe388..9aec74241b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Json < ActiveModel::Type::Value
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb
index edbd20a6c1..96e7ad7152 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Serialized < DelegateClass(ActiveModel::Type::Value) # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb
index cb1949700a..3d7dd630e3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Text < ActiveModel::Type::String # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb
index b9bac87c67..3ca7010c79 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Time < ActiveModel::Type::Time
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb
index 7bce82a1ff..f28caff991 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "concurrent/map"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb
index 9ae0109f9f..45f5dc506e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class UnsignedInteger < ActiveModel::Type::Integer # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb
index f1686e4913..dbe91dc12b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/type_caster/map"
 require "active_record/type_caster/connection"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb
index 9f7bbe8843..4f4570db58 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module TypeCaster
     class Connection # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb
index 9f79723125..fd3477a826 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module TypeCaster
     class Map # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb
index 9633f226f0..4727221774 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \RecordInvalid
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb
index 641d041f3d..57fbdb92ee 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class AbsenceValidator < ActiveModel::Validations::AbsenceValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb
index c695965d7b..d7752b428b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class AssociatedValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb
index 0e0cebce4a..82a17b4807 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class LengthValidator < ActiveModel::Validations::LengthValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb
index 7cfd55f516..a8f8bc6b02 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class PresenceValidator < ActiveModel::Validations::PresenceValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb
index 154cf5f1a4..86eeb5d7c5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class UniquenessValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
index 146cfacc18..78e9169b2e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require_relative "gem_version"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
index a79b8eafea..aaa2a14702 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/named_base"
 require "rails/generators/active_model"
 require "rails/generators/active_record/migration"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb
index 47c0981a49..6d07438dcb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/migration"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
index 1f1c47499b..61f507ddb3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/active_record"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
index 5cec07d2e3..ee321089af 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/active_record"
 
 module ActiveRecord
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 87b3e226d65ac1ed371620bfdcd2f950c87cfece Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matthew Draper <matthew@trebex.net>
Date: Sun, 2 Jul 2017 02:15:17 +0930
Subject: Revert "Merge pull request #29540 from kirs/rubocop-frozen-string"

This reverts commit 3420a14590c0e6915d8b6c242887f74adb4120f9, reversing
changes made to afb66a5a598ce4ac74ad84b125a5abf046dcf5aa.
---
 activerecord/lib/active_record.rb                                        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb                           | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb                           | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb               | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb        | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb     | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb           | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb      | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb       | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb           | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb      | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb        | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb     | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb      | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb      | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb                              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb                      | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb                          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb                  | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb                             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb                                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb                              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb                     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb                   | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb    | 1 -
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb   | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb      | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb  | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb   | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb      | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb             | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb    | 1 -
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb       | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb   | 1 -
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb      | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb       | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb     | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb  | 1 -
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb  | 1 -
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb     | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb  | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb        | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb      | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb       | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb        | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb        | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb        | 1 -
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb             | 1 -
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb           | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb | 1 -
 .../connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb              | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb  | 1 -
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb   | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb    | 1 -
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb  | 1 -
 .../active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb  | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb    | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb     | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb  | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb       | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb                    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb                                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb                          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb                                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb                                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb                                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb                     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb                               | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb                      | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb                    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb                     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb                    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb                         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb                              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb                           | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb                      | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb                          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb                               | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb                                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb               | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb               | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb                    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb                             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb                               | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb      | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb                  | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb                    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb                        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb             | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb        | 1 -
 .../active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb  | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb         | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb | 1 -
 .../active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb  | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb        | 1 -
 .../lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb               | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb                  | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb                                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb                           | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb                                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb                          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb                                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb                        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb                          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb                           | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb                          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb                        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb                                  | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb                             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb                         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb                           | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb                                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb                              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb                         | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb             | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb                              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb                        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb                              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb                              | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb                          | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb                  | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb                        | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb                            | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb                    | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb                     | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb                   | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb                 | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb                                | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb                       | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb             | 1 -
 .../lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb  | 1 -
 activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb | 1 -
 242 files changed, 242 deletions(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb
index 11300da52a..29f49c6195 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 #--
 # Copyright (c) 2004-2017 David Heinemeier Hansson
 #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb
index e0caad5381..10cbd5429c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # See ActiveRecord::Aggregations::ClassMethods for documentation
   module Aggregations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb
index a79112cb3b..de2d03cd0b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/association_relation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class AssociationRelation < Relation
     def initialize(klass, table, predicate_builder, association)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
index 13db82b2aa..f05a122544 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/enumerable"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/conversions"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/remove_method"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb
index eb81ba5ff6..104de4f69d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/alias_tracker.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/conversions"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb
index 0fca4467f9..1138ae3462 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array/wrap"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb
index 900ebda2bb..6ef225b725 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association_scope.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class AssociationScope #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb
index b8d3173dc7..0e61dbfb00 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Belongs To Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb
index 15aae53e80..b710cf6bdb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/belongs_to_polymorphic_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Belongs To Polymorphic Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb
index df8d77a5d1..d0534056d9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This is the parent Association class which defines the variables
 # used by all associations.
 #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
index 7c2cc61ecd..2b9dd8aae8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/belongs_to.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class BelongsTo < SingularAssociation #:nodoc:
     def self.macro
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb
index f6e471feca..1fb8f76f2e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/associations"
 
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
index c3e62c1a3d..6b71826431 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_and_belongs_to_many.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class HasAndBelongsToMany # :nodoc:
     class JoinTableResolver # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb
index 3e83fad619..7864d4c536 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_many.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class HasMany < CollectionAssociation #:nodoc:
     def self.macro
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb
index 66135bbc2d..4de846d12b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/has_one.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
   class HasOne < SingularAssociation #:nodoc:
     def self.macro
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb
index 3a154ba25f..7732b63af6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/singular_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This class is inherited by the has_one and belongs_to association classes
 
 module ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
index 8bed7121a8..a49fb155ee 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     # = Active Record Association Collection
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
index 6ccdaebbe3..d77fcaf668 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     # Association proxies in Active Record are middlemen between the object that
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb
index 1fb6ff7bff..3ceec0ee46 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/foreign_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord::Associations
   module ForeignAssociation # :nodoc:
     def foreign_key_present?
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
index 4e0c89791e..10ca0e47ff 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has Many Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
index c4ed91aeca..2fd20b4368 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has Many Through Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb
index a78c1b1d32..8458253ff8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has One Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb
index 1e8b2244d9..1183bdf6f4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_one_through_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Has One Through Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
index 011bbaad5c..04cdcb6a7f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class JoinDependency # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb
index 5df23e92ca..005410d598 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb
index aa02c5f056..fca20514d1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_base.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb
index 0604333f30..80c9fde5d1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/join_dependency/join_part.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class JoinDependency # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb
index 130494f712..208d1b2670 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     # Implements the details of eager loading of Active Record associations.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb
index 6a8425c989..63ef3f2d8c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb
index ee7be18d15..c20145770f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/belongs_to.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb
index 59c0bc4d8e..26690bf16d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/collection_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb
index 197f561b95..20df1cc19a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb
index 3bd561c187..2029871f39 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_many_through.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb
index d6254d8c56..c4add621ca 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb
index 512ca82005..f063f85574 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/has_one_through.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb
index 5583c7d79c..5c5828262e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/singular_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb
index 8e12afc695..34587fd3f5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader/through_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class Preloader
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
index 891caa44c3..f8bbe4c2ed 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Associations
     class SingularAssociation < Association #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb
index fd4c1a1e78..6b87993ba3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/through_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Through Association
   module Associations
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
index 7bb0280861..78662433eb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Attribute # :nodoc:
     class << self
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb
index b2e9ff9d99..57f8bbed76 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute/user_provided_default.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb
index 39ba094b6d..d0dfca0cac 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/forbidden_attributes_protection"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb
index cb744d7b61..5bc8527745 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_decorators.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeDecorators # :nodoc:
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb
index b718da8555..83c61fad19 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/enumerable"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 require "mutex_m"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb
index 7cdb85e6cf..115eb1ef3f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/before_type_cast.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     # = Active Record Attribute Methods Before Type Cast
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb
index ca21eae7c1..b9b2acff37 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/primary_key.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "set"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb
index db86ef428e..10498f4322 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/query.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Query
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb
index 9d85af9424..fdc4bf6621 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/read.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Read
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb
index 0f267e3a34..4d9aff76cc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/serialization.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Serialization
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb
index 0c5f0a2fd1..1f1efe8812 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/time_zone_conversion.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module TimeZoneConversion
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb
index 166cab7dd6..75c5a1a600 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_methods/write.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module AttributeMethods
     module Write
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb
index 4b0d52742b..4de993e169 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_mutation_tracker.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class AttributeMutationTracker # :nodoc:
     OPTION_NOT_GIVEN = Object.new
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb
index 76de68ac70..01f9d815d5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute_set/builder"
 require "active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb
index 9b75f185f7..2f624d32af 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb
index f3d726f53c..899de14792 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/yaml_encoder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class AttributeSet
     # Attempts to do more intelligent YAML dumping of an
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb
index 0dceb417a5..475b9beec4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/attributes.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute/user_provided_default"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
index 137e9673ab..70f0e2af8e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Autosave Association
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb
index 5229c82f3a..ac1aa2df45 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/base.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "yaml"
 require "active_support/benchmarkable"
 require "active_support/dependencies"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb
index b25a8e4033..eb44887e18 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Callbacks
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb
index a7ad65fbf4..cb185a881e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/json.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Coders # :nodoc:
     class JSON # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb
index 7186252b8b..9c52a31b95 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/coders/yaml_column.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "yaml"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb
index 7831aee3a4..8b937b6703 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/collection_cache_key.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module CollectionCacheKey
     def collection_cache_key(collection = all, timestamp_column = :updated_at) # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
index 71a2ac24ea..627b753f01 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "thread"
 require "concurrent/map"
 require "monitor"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb
index 6331b1546a..407e019326 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_limits.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module DatabaseLimits
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
index c8cf840181..879626b72a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module DatabaseStatements
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb
index 31d8f53a10..c352ddfc11 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     module QueryCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb
index 631e5176bb..61233dcc51 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/big_decimal/conversions"
 require "active_support/multibyte/chars"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb
index b1b793828d..3a06f75292 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/savepoints.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module Savepoints
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
index a3f9edbc6c..8865e7c703 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb
index 6dbf669993..a30fbe0e05 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters #:nodoc:
     # Abstract representation of an index definition on a table. Instances of
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb
index ef8038b5c3..34036d8a1d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
     # The goal of this module is to move Adapter specific column
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
index 4aed0e214f..6aed00584a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/migration/join_table"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/access"
 require "digest"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
index 013cf5bfb6..19b7821494 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class TransactionState
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
index a7d8a80224..9a085df934 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/type"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
index d49fa7ed24..062fede1ce 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb
index 34eca70253..61cd7ae4cc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/column.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # :stopdoc:
   module ConnectionAdapters
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb
index de54787458..3e4ea28f63 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "uri"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb
index e57147221f..0fdc185c45 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module DetermineIfPreparableVisitor
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb
index 8bdc2a1622..c9ad47c035 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/column.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
index dcbb6cfa7a..bda482a00f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
index f174ba5b0e..9691060cd3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb
index 9fcf1e0a89..d4f5906b33 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/quoting.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
index a890b54b5e..eea4984680 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb
index b62b857bb7..6d88c14d50 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
index 05f12ef05b..eff96e329f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
index 470e24a8e7..a01fbba201 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb
index aa4d98e06b..9ad6a6c0d0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/type_metadata.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module MySQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb
index 350a99a2e4..af55cfe2f6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/mysql/database_statements"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb
index 36382b6d57..3ad1911a28 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     # PostgreSQL-specific extensions to column definitions in a table.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb
index 659b860cce..ebf1715ed0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
index 21d0b4a0d2..99f3a5bbdf 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb
index ea07b48430..4098250f3e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb
index fd629012ec..a73a8c1726 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/array.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb
index 70e84d85c2..0a505f46a7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb
index b4ea3b4edd..4c21097d48 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bit_varying.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb
index 4902a64330..702fa8175c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/bytea.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb
index 2007665ec0..5225609e37 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/cidr.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "ipaddr"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb
index 110771e7a2..b7acbf7178 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb
index bc720a36c8..43d22c8daf 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/decimal.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb
index db1cd22b48..950d23d516 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/enum.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb
index 828bcd23dd..49dd4fc73f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb
index 4cc78a8c10..96486fa65b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/inet.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb
index bb0f8487fa..3c706c27c4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/json.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb
index fcb6c1498d..a1fec289d4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/jsonb.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb
index 3ed9fefee8..775eecaf85 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb
index cc3e0c9169..7a91272d1c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/money.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb
index d8b47e8e29..9c2ac08b30 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/oid.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb
index 3275f28d0c..7c764e7287 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   Point = Struct.new(:x, :y)
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb
index eddb0fb0ac..54d5d0902e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb
index f5270a64ab..564e82a4ac 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb
index 503691f7fc..d9ae1aa7a2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb
index 2fdf3b5d8e..5e839228e9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb
index 6d86a221a7..b26e876b54 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb
index f0e21f9f23..d40d837cee 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
index 628f13c44a..ee4230c6f2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb
index 3387bad79f..44a7338bf5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb
index 5fab6f60d2..e1d5089115 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb
index 32b7239f54..11ea1e5144 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb
index a631e4534f..5555a46b6b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
index 14e4929919..a710ea6cc9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb
index 110cc88872..f57179ae59 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class PostgreSQLTypeMetadata < DelegateClass(SqlTypeMetadata)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb
index 6a4d6d50bd..aa7940188a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
index 38285366b4..e63563afc4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 # Make sure we're using pg high enough for type casts and Ruby 2.2+ compatibility
 gem "pg", "~> 0.18"
 require "pg"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb
index 32aa9d803b..4d339b0a8c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class SchemaCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb
index e6908e9846..9e12ae0de8 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sql_type_metadata.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # :stopdoc:
   module ConnectionAdapters
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb
index 01cfafdd2b..6fe3e1211e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb
index c5bc797d48..7276a65098 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb
index bcd43eac08..bc798d1dbb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_creation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb
index 7bbda675eb..e157e4b218 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_definitions.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb
index d265a60206..eec018eda3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
index c268fc173b..31e83f9260 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module SQLite3
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
index 31d5b5946e..17c63d4b5f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/explain_pretty_printer"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb
index e7c237d42f..790db56185 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class StatementPool # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb
index 61f160b99d..b8fbb489b6 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionHandling
     RAILS_ENV   = -> { (Rails.env if defined?(Rails.env)) || ENV["RAILS_ENV"].presence || ENV["RACK_ENV"].presence }
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb
index f1eaa07f1a..198c712abc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "thread"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb
index 5dcd28244a..cbd71a3779 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Counter Cache
   module CounterCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb
index 291ebd3678..7d955a24be 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/define_callbacks.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # This module exists because `ActiveRecord::AttributeMethods::Dirty` needs to
   # define callbacks, but continue to have its version of `save` be the super
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb
index a3425c8097..3a9625092e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module DynamicMatchers #:nodoc:
     private
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb
index 86ffa28306..12ef58a941 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/deep_dup"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb
index 7507d61535..60d4fb70e0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/errors.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Errors
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
index 31449e810e..5e67d16e9f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/explain_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb
index 0af48be6fd..ef1ce3dc85 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb
index 07a412a8a1..abd8cfc8f2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/notifications"
 require "active_record/explain_registry"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb
index 93b8ba07e9..6cf2e01179 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "erb"
 require "yaml"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb
index 1835965b7f..e9acb8acae 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "erb"
 require "yaml"
 require "zlib"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb
index a0434766f5..1a937dbcf7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # Returns the version of the currently loaded Active Record as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>
   def self.gem_version
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb
index 10911b9a3e..5776807507 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb
index 2bb96457c6..cf954852bc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb
index 9ec6b51cb3..25ee9d6bfe 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/scoping/default"
 require "active_record/scoping/named"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb
index ba74f1a56c..c7683f68c7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/legacy_yaml_adapter.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module LegacyYamlAdapter
     def self.convert(klass, coder)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
index 2e2f2979d8..522da6a571 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Locking
     # == What is Optimistic Locking
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
index 0fb4dc3a35..263e2a5f7f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/pessimistic.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Locking
     # Locking::Pessimistic provides support for row-level locking using
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb
index e8593c1a48..e39ca5f6dc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/log_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class LogSubscriber < ActiveSupport::LogSubscriber
     IGNORE_PAYLOAD_NAMES = ["SCHEMA", "EXPLAIN"]
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
index 1b1403b1a5..1ff1dcad43 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "set"
 require "zlib"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb
index 1641044841..f9cf59b283 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/command_recorder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Migration
     # <tt>ActiveRecord::Migration::CommandRecorder</tt> records commands done during
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb
index ccb1b2ddd7..188dd0acef 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/compatibility.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Migration
     module Compatibility # :nodoc: all
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb
index 026217880c..89789f00ea 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration/join_table.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Migration
     module JoinTable #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb
index e846bcc1a1..14e0f5bff7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "monitor"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb
index 43d4364e35..917bc76993 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/try"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb
index 84ee036c17..4059020e25 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record No Touching
   module NoTouching
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb
index 6d65154a14..26966f9433 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module NullRelation # :nodoc:
     def pluck(*column_names)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
index c310ae3575..b2dba5516e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Persistence
   module Persistence
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb
index 17e6bbfec0..e4c2e1f86f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Query Cache
   class QueryCache
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb
index dd7d833a96..b16e178358 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Querying
     delegate :find, :take, :take!, :first, :first!, :last, :last!, :exists?, :any?, :many?, :none?, :one?, to: :all
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb
index 441dca9fe7..73518ca144 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railtie.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record"
 require "rails"
 require "active_model/railtie"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb
index 03286eacbb..604a220303 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/console_sandbox.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 ActiveRecord::Base.connection.begin_transaction(joinable: false)
 
 at_exit do
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb
index 297f3fc8bc..8658188623 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal"
 require "active_record/log_subscriber"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
index 7c0d066e88..711099e9e1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record"
 
 db_namespace = namespace :db do
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb
index f614c067d7..d7cf4df339 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/jdbcmysql_error.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 #FIXME Remove if ArJdbcMysql will give.
 module ArJdbcMySQL #:nodoc:
   class Error < StandardError #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb
index 7bf305eb31..af6473d250 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/readonly_attributes.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module ReadonlyAttributes
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
index 6318bff685..8ff2f50fdb 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "thread"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 require "active_support/deprecation"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb
index 55b59eeb54..52f5d5f3e3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Relation
   class Relation
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb
index ac48ffb1bc..13a2c3f511 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb
index 02c70d5cf0..3555779ec2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/batches/batch_enumerator.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Batches
     class BatchEnumerator
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb
index 6514c7bde8..8a54f8f2c3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Calculations
     # Count the records.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb
index 6d3b59d339..48c4dcdef4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Delegation # :nodoc:
     module DelegateCache # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
index 88c68685bc..eee0f36f63 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb
index ea838b79a6..8945cb0cc5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/from_clause.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     class FromClause # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb
index 84c31e4126..5dac00724a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/merger.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb
index 72314180dd..7dea5deec5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder # :nodoc:
     delegate :resolve_column_aliases, to: :table
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb
index 4d0778df36..1068e700e2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/array_handler.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class ArrayHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb
index 66690d6b5c..3e19646ae5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_value.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class AssociationQueryValue # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb
index 3472b16cef..3bb1037885 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/base_handler.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class BaseHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb
index 3190602506..79cde00303 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/basic_object_handler.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class BasicObjectHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb
index 5032177757..7029ae5f47 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/polymorphic_array_value.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class PolymorphicArrayValue # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb
index ddd804b508..5db778e19c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/range_handler.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class RangeHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb
index 4e1e644599..8a910a82fe 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/relation_handler.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class PredicateBuilder
     class RelationHandler # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb
index 410a375e52..a68e508fcc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_attribute.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/attribute"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
index 4ddc933e3d..d44f6fd572 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/relation/from_clause"
 require "active_record/relation/query_attribute"
 require "active_record/relation/where_clause"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb
index 8e221f1570..31544c730e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/record_fetch_warning.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     module RecordFetchWarning
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb
index 8b7b01259e..ada89b5ec3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
 require "active_record/relation/merger"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb
index a809752928..119910ee79 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     class WhereClause # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb
index 156088f534..b862dd56a5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class Relation
     class WhereClauseFactory # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb
index 5e1c0bfefc..26b1d48e9e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/result.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   ###
   # This class encapsulates a result returned from calling
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb
index d068d8898e..b79eb2263f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb
index a39e1a2e73..64bda1539c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Sanitization
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb
index 2578c5e3ef..5104427339 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \Schema
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb
index 767da6816d..66a2846f3a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_dumper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "stringio"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb
index e6336dfde3..f59737afb0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema_migration.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/scoping/default"
 require "active_record/scoping/named"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb
index c2cd35ee3b..94e0ef6724 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb
index eeb89c405a..70b2693b28 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Scoping
     module Default
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb
index c16cbce109..b4026fabb2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/named.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/kernel/singleton_class"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb
index 3b2d7e10bd..115799cc20 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/secure_token.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module SecureToken
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb
index 1907defb2e..db2bd0b55e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/serialization.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord #:nodoc:
   # = Active Record \Serialization
   module Serialization
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb
index fd04f9aedb..1877489e55 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # Statement cache is used to cache a single statement in order to avoid creating the AST again.
   # Initializing the cache is done by passing the statement in the create block:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb
index 37888c28b5..006afe7495 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/store.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb
index 02185c2e0b..d9acb1a1dc 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/suppressor.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # ActiveRecord::Suppressor prevents the receiver from being saved during
   # a given block.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb
index a5dd3008d0..71efc1829a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   class TableMetadata # :nodoc:
     delegate :foreign_type, :foreign_key, to: :association, prefix: true
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb
index bdfa683be4..ba686fc562 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Tasks # :nodoc:
     class DatabaseAlreadyExists < StandardError; end # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
index 730d077ecf..88cbd6f6f5 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/mysql_database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Tasks # :nodoc:
     class MySQLDatabaseTasks # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb
index e49480b27b..7f1a768d8b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "tempfile"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb
index 559142b57a..01562b21e9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/sqlite_database_tasks.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Tasks # :nodoc:
     class SQLiteDatabaseTasks # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
index 1e484e59e3..cacde9c881 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Touch Later
   module TouchLater
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
index 4e8d2a44e1..45795fa287 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # See ActiveRecord::Transactions::ClassMethods for documentation.
   module Transactions
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb
index ecc508902c..ddcb5f2a7a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/translation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Translation
     include ActiveModel::Translation
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb
index a179582e13..9ed6c95bf9 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type"
 
 require "active_record/type/internal/timezone"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb
index f24b9b9a36..7cc866f7a7 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/adapter_specific_registry.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type/registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb
index f1a40a8a6b..ccafed054e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Date < ActiveModel::Type::Date
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb
index dadd76dbe0..1fb9380ecd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/date_time.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class DateTime < ActiveModel::Type::DateTime
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb
index ed0a4cfb23..53a5e205da 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/decimal_without_scale.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class DecimalWithoutScale < ActiveModel::Type::BigInteger # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb
index 96b6297132..0145d5d6c1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/hash_lookup_type_map.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class HashLookupTypeMap < TypeMap # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb
index 0c7d8ed76e..947e06158a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/internal/timezone.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     module Internal
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb
index 9aec74241b..c4732fe388 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/json.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Json < ActiveModel::Type::Value
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb
index 96e7ad7152..edbd20a6c1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/serialized.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Serialized < DelegateClass(ActiveModel::Type::Value) # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb
index 3d7dd630e3..cb1949700a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/text.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Text < ActiveModel::Type::String # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb
index 3ca7010c79..b9bac87c67 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/time.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class Time < ActiveModel::Type::Time
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb
index f28caff991..7bce82a1ff 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/type_map.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "concurrent/map"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb
index 45f5dc506e..9ae0109f9f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type/unsigned_integer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Type
     class UnsignedInteger < ActiveModel::Type::Integer # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb
index dbe91dc12b..f1686e4913 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_record/type_caster/map"
 require "active_record/type_caster/connection"
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb
index 4f4570db58..9f7bbe8843 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/connection.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module TypeCaster
     class Connection # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb
index fd3477a826..9f79723125 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/type_caster/map.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module TypeCaster
     class Map # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb
index 4727221774..9633f226f0 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record \RecordInvalid
   #
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb
index 57fbdb92ee..641d041f3d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/absence.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class AbsenceValidator < ActiveModel::Validations::AbsenceValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb
index d7752b428b..c695965d7b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/associated.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class AssociatedValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator #:nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb
index 82a17b4807..0e0cebce4a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/length.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class LengthValidator < ActiveModel::Validations::LengthValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb
index a8f8bc6b02..7cfd55f516 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/presence.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class PresenceValidator < ActiveModel::Validations::PresenceValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb
index 86eeb5d7c5..154cf5f1a4 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveRecord
   module Validations
     class UniquenessValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
index 78e9169b2e..146cfacc18 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require_relative "gem_version"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
index aaa2a14702..a79b8eafea 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/named_base"
 require "rails/generators/active_model"
 require "rails/generators/active_record/migration"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb
index 6d07438dcb..47c0981a49 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/migration"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
index 61f507ddb3..1f1c47499b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/active_record"
 
 module ActiveRecord
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
index ee321089af..5cec07d2e3 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rails/generators/active_record"
 
 module ActiveRecord
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 608ebccf8f6314c945444b400a37c2d07f21b253 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: eileencodes <eileencodes@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 1 Jul 2017 14:22:28 -0400
Subject: Deprecate and replace `set_state` method

`set_state` was directly setting the transaction state instance
variable. It's better to set the state via specific methods (`rollback!`
and `commit!` respectively.

While undocumented and untested, it's possible someone is using
`set_state` in their app or gem so I've added a deprecation notice to
it.

No where in the app do we use `nullify!` but I wanted to keep existing
behavior while replacing the method with a better pattern.
---
 .../connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb    | 33 ++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
index 19b7821494..265775c15c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     class TransactionState
-      VALID_STATES = Set.new([:committed, :rolledback, nil])
-
       def initialize(state = nil)
         @state = state
       end
@@ -24,10 +22,33 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def set_state(state)
-        unless VALID_STATES.include?(state)
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
+          The set_state method is deprecated and will be removed in
+          Rails 5.2. Please use rollback! or commit! to set transaction
+          state directly.
+        MSG
+        case state
+        when :rolledback
+          rollback!
+        when :committed
+          commit!
+        when nil
+          nullify!
+        else
           raise ArgumentError, "Invalid transaction state: #{state}"
         end
-        @state = state
+      end
+
+      def rollback!
+        @state = :rolledback
+      end
+
+      def commit!
+        @state = :committed
+      end
+
+      def nullify!
+        @state = nil
       end
     end
 
@@ -57,7 +78,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def rollback
-        @state.set_state(:rolledback)
+        @state.rollback!
       end
 
       def rollback_records
@@ -72,7 +93,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def commit
-        @state.set_state(:committed)
+        @state.commit!
       end
 
       def before_commit_records
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 0237da287eb4c507d10a0c6d94150093acc52b03 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: eileencodes <eileencodes@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 1 Jul 2017 14:25:33 -0400
Subject: Apply record state based on parent transaction state

Let's say you have a nested transaction and both records are saved.
Before the outer transaction closes, a rollback is performed. Previously
the record in the outer transaction would get marked as not persisted
but the inner transaction would get persisted.

```ruby
Post.transaction do
  post_one.save # will get rolled back

  Post.transaction(requires_new: true) do
    post_two.save # incorrectly remains marked as persisted
  end

  raise ActiveRecord::Rollback
end
```

To fix this the PR changes transaction handling to have the child
transaction ask the parent how the records should be marked. When
there are child transactions, it will always be a SavpointTransaction
because the stack isn't empty. From there we pass the parent_transaction
to the child SavepointTransaction where we add the children to the parent
so the parent can mark the inner transaction as rolledback and thus mark
the record as not persisted.

`update_attributes_from_transaction_state` uses the `completed?` check to
correctly mark all the transactions as rolledback and the inner record as
not persisted.

```ruby
Post.transaction do
  post_one.save # will get rolled back

  Post.transaction(requires_new: true) do
    post_two.save # with new behavior, correctly marked as not persisted
    on rollback
  end

  raise ActiveRecord::Rollback
end
```

Fixes #29320
---
 .../connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb         | 17 +++++++++++++++--
 activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb          |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
index 265775c15c..2393e35ecd 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
     class TransactionState
       def initialize(state = nil)
         @state = state
+        @children = []
+      end
+
+      def add_child(state)
+        @children << state
       end
 
       def finalized?
@@ -17,6 +22,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
         @state == :rolledback
       end
 
+      def fully_completed?
+        completed?
+      end
+
       def completed?
         committed? || rolledback?
       end
@@ -40,6 +49,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def rollback!
+        @children.each { |c| c.rollback! }
         @state = :rolledback
       end
 
@@ -121,8 +131,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     class SavepointTransaction < Transaction
-      def initialize(connection, savepoint_name, options, *args)
+      def initialize(connection, savepoint_name, parent_transaction, options, *args)
         super(connection, options, *args)
+
+        parent_transaction.state.add_child(@state)
+
         if options[:isolation]
           raise ActiveRecord::TransactionIsolationError, "cannot set transaction isolation in a nested transaction"
         end
@@ -176,7 +189,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             if @stack.empty?
               RealTransaction.new(@connection, options, run_commit_callbacks: run_commit_callbacks)
             else
-              SavepointTransaction.new(@connection, "active_record_#{@stack.size}", options,
+              SavepointTransaction.new(@connection, "active_record_#{@stack.size}", @stack.last, options,
                                        run_commit_callbacks: run_commit_callbacks)
             end
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
index 45795fa287..463bb1f314 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def update_attributes_from_transaction_state(transaction_state)
         if transaction_state && transaction_state.finalized?
           restore_transaction_record_state if transaction_state.rolledback?
-          clear_transaction_record_state
+          clear_transaction_record_state if transaction_state.fully_completed?
         end
       end
   end
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 27996bc1fb3ad2115a3e091240c6eec79898fd8c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ryuta Kamizono <kamipo@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 2 Jul 2017 04:11:48 +0900
Subject: Fix removed version 5.2 to 6.0 in the deprecation message

Because the deprecation message is not yet released.
---
 .../lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb       | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

(limited to 'activerecord/lib')

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
index 2393e35ecd..f63d09039f 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def set_state(state)
         ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
           The set_state method is deprecated and will be removed in
-          Rails 5.2. Please use rollback! or commit! to set transaction
+          Rails 6.0. Please use rollback! or commit! to set transaction
           state directly.
         MSG
         case state
-- 
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