--- layout: docs title: Migrating to v5 description: Track and review changes to the Bootstrap source files, documentation, and components to help you migrate from v4 to v5. group: migration aliases: "/migration/" toc: true --- ## Dependencies - Dropped jQuery. - Upgraded from Popper v1.x to Popper v2.x. - Replaced Libsass with Dart Sass as our Sass compiler given Libsass was deprecated. - Migrated from Jekyll to Hugo for building our documentation ## Browser support - Dropped Internet Explorer 10 and 11 - Dropped Microsoft Edge < 16 (Legacy Edge) - Dropped Firefox < 60 - Dropped Safari < 12 - Dropped iOS Safari < 12 - Dropped Chrome < 60
## Documentation changes - Redesigned homepage, docs layout, and footer. - Added [new Parcel guide](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/getting-started/parcel/). - Added [new Customize section](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/customize/overview/), replacing [v4's Theming page](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.6/getting-started/theming/), with new details on Sass, global configuration options, color schemes, CSS variables, and more. - Reorganized all form documentation into [new Forms section](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/forms/overview/), breaking apart the content into more focused pages. - Similarly, updated [the Layout section](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/layout/breakpoints/), to flesh out grid content more clearly. - Renamed "Navs" component page to "Navs & Tabs". - Renamed "Checks" page to "Checks & radios". - Redesigned the navbar and added a new subnav to make it easier to get around our sites and docs versions. - Added new keyboard shortcut for the search field: Ctrl + /. ## Sass - We've ditched the default Sass map merges to make it easier to remove redundant values. Keep in mind you now have to define all values in the Sass maps like `$theme-colors`. Check out how to deal with [Sass maps]({{< docsref "/customize/sass#maps-and-loops" >}}). - Breaking Renamed `color-yiq()` function and related variables to `color-contrast()` as it's no longer related to YIQ colorspace. [See #30168.](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/30168/) - `$yiq-contrasted-threshold` is renamed to `$min-contrast-ratio`. - `$yiq-text-dark` and `$yiq-text-light` are respectively renamed to `$color-contrast-dark` and `$color-contrast-light`. - Breaking Media query mixins parameters have changed for a more logical approach. - `media-breakpoint-down()` uses the breakpoint itself instead of the next breakpoint (e.g., `media-breakpoint-down(lg)` instead of `media-breakpoint-down(md)` targets viewports smaller than `lg`). - Similarly, the second parameter in `media-breakpoint-between()` also uses the breakpoint itself instead of the next breakpoint (e.g., `media-between(sm, lg)` instead of `media-breakpoint-between(sm, md)` targets viewports between `sm` and `lg`). - Breaking Removed print styles and `$enable-print-styles` variable. Print display classes are still around. [See #28339](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/28339). - Breaking Dropped `color()`, `theme-color()`, and `gray()` functions in favor of variables. [See #29083](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/29083). - Breaking Renamed `theme-color-level()` function to `color-level()` and now accepts any color you want instead of only `$theme-color` colors. [See #29083](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/29083) **Watch out:** `color-level()` was later on dropped in `v5.0.0-alpha3`. - Breaking Renamed `$enable-prefers-reduced-motion-media-query` and `$enable-pointer-cursor-for-buttons` to `$enable-reduced-motion` and `$enable-button-pointers` for brevity. - Breaking Removed the `bg-gradient-variant()` mixin. Use the `.bg-gradient` class to add gradients to elements instead of the generated `.bg-gradient-*` classes. - Breaking **Removed previously deprecated mixins:** - `hover`, `hover-focus`, `plain-hover-focus`, and `hover-focus-active` - `float()` - `form-control-mixin()` - `nav-divider()` - `retina-img()` - `text-hide()` (also dropped the associated utility class, `.text-hide`) - `visibility()` - `form-control-focus()` - Breaking Renamed `scale-color()` function to `shift-color()` to avoid collision with Sass's own color scaling function. - `box-shadow` mixins now allow `null` values and drop `none` from multiple arguments. [See #30394](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/30394). - The `border-radius()` mixin now has a default value. ## Color system - The color system which worked with `color-level()` and `$theme-color-interval` was removed in favor of a new color system. All `lighten()` and `darken()` functions in our codebase are replaced by `tint-color()` and `shade-color()`. These functions will mix the color with either white or black instead of changing its lightness by a fixed amount. The `shift-color()` will either tint or shade a color depending on whether its weight parameter is positive or negative. [See #30622](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/30622) for more details. - Added new tints and shades for every color, providing nine separate colors for each base color, as new Sass variables. - Improved color contrast. Bumped color contrast ratio from 3:1 to 4.5:1 and updated blue, green, cyan, and pink colors to ensure WCAG 2.1 AA contrast. Also changed our color contrast color from `$gray-900` to `$black`. - To support our color system, we've added new custom `tint-color()` and `shade-color()` functions to mix our colors appropriately. ## Grid updates - **New breakpoint!** Added new `xxl` breakpoint for `1400px` and up. No changes to all other breakpoints. - **Improved gutters.** Gutters are now set in rems, and are narrower than v4 (`1.5rem`, or about `24px`, down from `30px`). This aligns our grid system's gutters with our spacing utilities. - Added new [gutter class](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.0/layout/gutters/) (`.g-*`, `.gx-*`, and `.gy-*`) to control horizontal/vertical gutters, horizontal gutters, and vertical gutters. - Breaking Renamed `.no-gutters` to `.g-0` to match new gutter utilities. - Columns no longer have `position: relative` applied, so you may have to add `.position-relative` to some elements to restore that behavior. - Breaking Dropped several `.order-*` classes that often went unused. We now only provide `.order-1` to `.order-5` out of the box. - Breaking Dropped the `.media` component as it can be easily replicated with utilities. [See #28265](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/28265) and the [flex utilities page for an example]({{< docsref "/utilities/flex#media-object" >}}). - Breaking `bootstrap-grid.css` now only applies `box-sizing: border-box` to the column instead of resetting the global box-sizing. This way, our grid styles can be used in more places without interference. - `$enable-grid-classes` no longer disables the generation of container classes anymore. [See #29146.](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/29146) - Updated the `make-col` mixin to default to equal columns without a specified size. ## Content, Reboot, etc - **[RFS]({{< docsref "/getting-started/rfs" >}}) is now enabled by default.** Headings using the `font-size()` mixin will automatically adjust their `font-size` to scale with the viewport. _This feature was previously opt-in with v4._ - Breaking Overhauled our display typography to replace our `$display-*` variables and with a `$display-font-sizes` Sass map. Also removed the individual `$display-*-weight` variables for a single `$display-font-weight` and adjusted `font-size`s. - Added two new `.display-*` heading sizes, `.display-5` and `.display-6`. - **Links are underlined by default** (not just on hover), unless they're part of specific components. - **Redesigned tables** to refresh their styles and rebuild them with CSS variables for more control over styling. - Breaking Nested tables do not inherit styles anymore. - Breaking `.thead-light` and `.thead-dark` are dropped in favor of the `.table-*` variant classes which can be used for all table elements (`thead`, `tbody`, `tfoot`, `tr`, `th` and `td`). - Breaking The `table-row-variant()` mixin is renamed to `table-variant()` and accepts only 2 parameters: `$color` (color name) and `$value` (color code). The border color and accent colors are automatically calculated based on the table factor variables. - Split table cell padding variables into `-y` and `-x`. - Breaking Dropped `.pre-scrollable` class. [See #29135](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/29135) - Breaking `.text-*` utilities do not add hover and focus states to links anymore. `.link-*` helper classes can be used instead. [See #29267](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/29267) - Breaking Dropped `.text-justify` class. [See #29793](https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/pull/29793) - Reset default horizontal `padding-left` on `